№ 5 (2025) Science and innovation in the education system

Writing has long been a powerful tool for driving social change. From the revolutionary pamphlets of the Enlightenment to the modern-day blog posts advocating for justice, the written word has played a crucial role in shaping public opinion, challenging oppressive systems, and inspiring collective action. This article examines the historical evolution of writing as a catalyst for social transformation, highlighting key moments in history where writing has been instrumental in advancing social movements. It also explores contemporary applications of writing in the digital age, where online platforms allow individuals to mobilize, share ideas, and challenge existing power structures. The article argues that writing remains a fundamental tool for social change, adaptable to the challenges and opportunities of each era.

Maqalada «Er Sayım» dástanı tilindegi túrkiy tillerine ortaq sózler úyrenilgen.

This article discusses the role of new and modern methods - innovative approaches  in modern education. Traditional teaching methods are not enough for modern requirements. Therefore, new methods such as digital technologies, interactive methods, game-based teaching, group work are being introduced into education. The article explains how these methods are beneficial, how they increase students’ interest in learning and help prepare them for life. Examples of how innovations are widely introduced in education in Uzbekistan are also given.

This study focuses on the genetic monitoring of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB) strains in a high-burden region of Central Asia. A total of 360 clinical isolates were collected and analyzed using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to detect resistance-associated mutations and determine the genetic structure of circulating strains. The most common mutations were found in katG, rpoB, gyrA, and Rv0678. The study revealed high regional prevalence of the Beijing lineage (58%). Genomic data enabled identification of transmission clusters and geographic resistance patterns. These findings provide a foundation for molecular surveillance and targeted interventions in tuberculosis control programs across the region.

The green economy aims to achieve sustainable development by minimizing environmental risks and promoting the efficient use of natural resources. However, the implementation of green projects often requires substantial capital investments, which remain a major challenge for many developing countries. The Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model presents a viable solution for mobilizing private sector investment in environmentally sustainable initiatives.

This article highlights significant changes in the methodology of piano teaching that occurred during the 2020s. The introduction of distance learning, the widespread use of digital platforms, and the application of interactive tools have led to the transformation of traditional teaching methods into modern formats. The use of video resources, digitized methodological guides, gamified lesson formats and the implementation of artificial intelligence for individualized approaches have considerably improved the process of piano instruction. The article analyzes these developments and emphasizes their advantages and impact on the quality of music education.

After the formation of the Uzbek SSR, a movement to unite artisans and craftsmen into cooperatives took place in the republic. The importance of handicraft production.

Coxarthrosis, a degenerative hip joint disease, is a critical public health issue in Uzbekistan’s Fergana region, where occupational, genetic, and lifestyle factors drive its high prevalence. This comprehensive article provides an in-depth analysis of advanced diagnostic techniques, robust preventive strategies, and innovative treatment modalities to address the disease’s burden. Cutting-edge diagnostic tools, including quantitative MRI and molecular biomarkers, are evaluated for early detection. Preventive measures, encompassing nutritional reforms, ergonomic interventions, and community-based exercise programs, are tailored to Fergana’s socioeconomic and cultural context. Modern treatments, from regenerative therapies to robotic-assisted surgeries, are explored for their transformative potential. The article advocates for a multidisciplinary public health framework, integrating medical innovation, policy reforms, and community empowerment, to mitigate coxarthrosis’s socioeconomic impact and enhance quality of life in Fergana.

After the formation of the Uzbek SSR, a movement to unite artisans and craftsmen into cooperatives took place in the republic. The importance of handicraft production.

Coxarthrosis, a degenerative hip joint disease, is a critical public health issue in Uzbekistan’s Fergana region, where occupational, genetic, and lifestyle factors drive its high prevalence. This comprehensive article provides an in-depth analysis of advanced diagnostic techniques, robust preventive strategies, and innovative treatment modalities to address the disease’s burden. Cutting-edge diagnostic tools, including quantitative MRI and molecular biomarkers, are evaluated for early detection. Preventive measures, encompassing nutritional reforms, ergonomic interventions, and community-based exercise programs, are tailored to Fergana’s socioeconomic and cultural context. Modern treatments, from regenerative therapies to robotic-assisted surgeries, are explored for their transformative potential. The article advocates for a multidisciplinary public health framework, integrating medical innovation, policy reforms, and community empowerment, to mitigate coxarthrosis’s socioeconomic impact and enhance quality of life in Fergana.

Fraudulent trading, often surfacing during corporate insolvency, refers to the deliberate conduct of business with intent to defraud creditors or for other dishonest purposes. This article explores the legal framework surrounding fraudulent trading, the challenges in enforcement, and the evolving judicial attitudes across jurisdictions such as the UK, South Africa, and the EU. While legal provisions exist to protect creditors and hold directors accountable, enforcement is often hindered by evidentiary burdens and limited preventive mechanisms. This paper concludes by suggesting legal reforms and proactive regulation as essential to curbing financial misconduct and enhancing corporate accountability.

Sportchilarda chidamlilik sifatini rivojlantirish metodikasi yuqori natijalarga erishish uchun zarur bo‘lgan asosiy komponentlardan biridir. Bu metodika orqali sportchilarni yuqori intensivlikda ishlashga tayyorlash, organizmning uzoq muddat davomida yuqori yüklanishlarga chidamli bo‘lishini ta'minlash mumkin.

Mazkur maqolada bolalar orasida uchraydigan gapirishdagi nuqsonlar va ularning kelib chiqish sabablari tahlil qilinadi. Nutqiy rivojlanishdagi bu muammolar ta’lim-tarbiya jarayoniga jiddiy ta’sir ko‘rsatishi mumkin. Ushbu maqolada aynan logopedik metod orqali bolalarning nutqini to‘g‘rilash, ularni til va adabiyot darslariga tayyorlashda qanday usullar qo‘llanishi mumkinligi ilmiy asosda yoritilgan. Metodning amaliy qo‘llanilishi, ta’limiy samarasi va bolaning ijtimoiy moslashuviga ta’siri keng yoritiladi.

Mazkur maqolada ilmiy tadqiqotning dolzarbligini asoslashda qo‘llaniladigan asosiy metodlar tahlil qilinadi. Dolzarblikni asoslash ilmiy ishning nazariy va amaliy ahamiyatini ochib berish, mavjud muammolarni aniqlash va ularni yechish zaruratini asoslash uchun muhimdir. Maqolada zamonaviy ilmiy metodologiya nuqtayi nazaridan muammoli yondashuv, statistik tahlil, empirik kuzatish, kontent-tahlil kabi metodlar o‘rganiladi.

Jawbone defects resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic have emerged as a new and serious complication in clinical medicine. Particularly in cases with severe progression, use of steroids, and prolonged hospitalization, bone regeneration and infection in the jaw region become prevalent. This article examines the main causes of jaw defects post-COVID-19, their diagnosis, and comprehensive treatment approaches.

Ushbu maqolada Alisher Navoiy ijodida muhim o'rin tutgan ruboiy janri, uning shakliy va mazmuniy xususiyatlari, falsafiy va tasavvufiy g'oyalarning badiiy ifodasi, ayniqsa, "Turmay meni zoru notavon birla ko‘ngul..." ruboiysi misolida tahlil etiladi. Navoiy ruboiylarida ko‘ngil, muhabbat, sadoqat, ilohiy ishq kabi tushunchalar qanday tasvirlangani, shuningdek, shoirning badiiy uslubidagi nozikliklar va poetik vositalar yoritiladi.

This study explores modern approaches to optimizing management in electric power enterprises. It examines AI-based forecasting, digital monitoring, network infrastructure control, and strategic decision-making using integral indicators. The analysis relies on real data, visual graphs, and credible scientific sources. Findings suggest that a comprehensive management approach can significantly enhance the performance and sustainability of electric energy companies.

Cholesterol management is pivotal in mitigating cardiovascular disease, a leading global cause of mortality. This article explores contemporary strategies for controlling cholesterol levels, integrating pharmacological advancements, lifestyle interventions, precision medicine, and digital health technologies. Statins, PCSK9 inhibitors, bempedoic acid, and inclisiran offer robust LDL-C reduction, while Mediterranean and Portfolio diets, exercise, and behavioral interventions enhance holistic care. Precision medicine, leveraging genetic testing and polygenic risk scores, tailors treatments, and digital tools like mobile apps and AI-driven algorithms improve adherence and monitoring. Global disparities in access to advanced therapies and adherence challenges are significant barriers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Emerging approaches, including gene editing, microbiome modulation, and nanotechnology, promise future innovations. The article underscores the need for equitable, multidisciplinary strategies to optimize cholesterol management and reduce cardiovascular risk worldwide.

Ushbu maqolada ushbu sohadagi asosiy o‘qitish texnologiyalari va metodlari va bo`lajak texnik muhandislsrning eng yaxshi chizma loyihasi bo‘yicha bilim faoliyatlarini rag`batlantirib borish ko‘rib chiqiladi.

Qandli diabet kasalligini zamonaviy tibbiyot yondashuvlari asosida davolash masalalari yoritilgan. Diabet kasalligining tarqalish sabablari, davolashda qo‘llanilayotgan yangi dori vositalari va texnologik yangiliklar tahlil qilinadi. Ayniqsa, II tur diabetni nazorat qilishda qo‘llanilayotgan SGLT2 va GLP-1 agonistlarining afzalliklari, shuningdek, glyukozani uzluksiz monitoring qilish tizimlarining ahamiyati ochib beriladi.

Mazkur ilmiy ishda raqamli iqtisodiyot sharoitida soliq tizimini modernizatsiya qilish zaruriyati va bu yo‘nalishdagi asosiy islohotlar ko‘rib chiqiladi. Ishda raqamli texnologiyalar, sun’iy intellekt, blokcheyn, elektron hisob-faktura va ma’lumotlar omborlari orqali soliq ma’murchiligini takomillashtirish masalalari tahlil qilinadi.

Maqolada boksning qisqacha tarixi ko‘rib chiqiladi, texnikani o‘rganish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar, boshlang'ich bokschilar uchun asosiy qoidalar. Bokschilarning zarbalarni bajarish va himoya holatida ishlashdagi asosiy xatolariga e’tibor qaratiladi. Shuningdek, bokschilarda jarohatlarning oldini olish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar berilgan.

This thesis is security , international harmony and religious tolerance provision of issues modern in society place and the importance seeing comes out Of these concepts mutual depending on them to do in progress problems and solutions analysis Uzbekistan​​ like many ethnic and many religious countries for example security in providing state politics , international relationships in strengthening cultural integration and religious tolerance in providing secular the role of approaches is different is emphasized . The thesis is global examples and local experiments by comparison , this in the field problems in solution education , enlightenment and social of activity the importance shows . Of young people society stable in development for the role separately attention given their​ cultural and religious many to the contrary relatively openness and respect in the spirit upbringing necessity will be praised . State thesis and society mutual cooperation through quiet and prosperous society construction opportunities seeing It will come out .

Для нормального функционирования ВОСП-ВР более важными являются характеристики самого оптического волокна. При изучении ВОСП-ВР значительно большее внимание должно уделяться хроматической дис­персии.