№ 2 (2025) International journal of scientific researchers

Ushbu maqola kichik korxonalarda cheklangan resurslar sharoitida raqamli transformatsiyani amalga oshirishda loyiha boshqaruvining rolini o'rganadi. Adabiyotlar tahlili natijasida aniqlandi-ki, kichik biznes uchun raqamli o'zgarishlar jarayonida loyiha boshqaruvi metodologiyalari moliyaviy va kadriy cheklovlarni hisobga olgan holda moslashtirilishi zarur. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatadiki, samarali loyiha boshqaruvi orqali kichik korxonalar raqamli transformatsiyadan maksimal foyda olishlari mumkin.

This article explores the sociolinguistic dimensions of abbreviation usage in modern communication. Abbreviations—whether initialisms, acronyms, or clipped forms—have become an essential part of daily discourse across digital and spoken mediums. Their usage reflects not only linguistic economy but also identity, group belonging, age, profession, and socio-cultural dynamics. This paper analyzes how abbreviations function as sociolinguistic markers and how their usage differs based on context, speaker identity, and communicative goals

This article explores the pressing challenges in contemporary pharmacy, such as drug quality, distribution issues, pharmaceutical safety, and the integration of innovative technologies. It also outlines future directions, including organizational transformation and external collaboration, with a focus on aligning pharmacy practices with global standards for person-focused, safe, accessible, and integrated care.

Ushbu maqolada logarifmlarning matematik asoslari, ularning asosiy xossalari va qonunlari batafsil tahlil qilinadi. Shuningdek, logarifmlarning kundalik hayotdagi amaliy qo‘llanilish sohalari, xususan, iqtisodiyot, fizika, muhandislik va informatika kabi sohalardagi o‘rni ko‘rib chiqiladi. Logarifmlarning yechim topishda soddaligi, murakkab hisob-kitoblarni tezlashtirishi va real hayotdagi masalalarni hal qilishdagi samaradorligi ta’kidlanadi. Maqola nafaqat matematik nazariyaga, balki amaliy qo‘llanishga ham katta e’tibor qaratadi.

This article explores the integration of the Communicative Approach in English language lessons, emphasizing its theoretical foundations, pedagogical principles, and practical classroom applications. Drawing on the concept of communicative competence, it highlights the shift from grammar-focused instruction to interactive, student-centered learning. The paper discusses effective strategies such as task-based learning, role-plays, information-gap activities, and the use of authentic materials and technology. It also addresses challenges faced by educators, including large class sizes and exam-oriented systems, while offering recommendations for successful implementation. Ultimately, the article argues that the Communicative Approach enhances learners’ fluency, motivation, and real-world language skills, making it an essential component of modern language education.

Mazkur maqolada zamonaviy dasturlash vositalari va ulardan biri — Delphi dasturlash muhiti orqali ilovalar yaratish usullari tahlil qilinadi. Delphi tilining afzalliklari, uning vizual interfeys bilan ishlashdagi qulayliklari va zamonaviy dasturiy ta’minot ishlab chiqishdagi roli yoritilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada Delphi muhitida ishlashda qo‘llaniladigan texnologiyalar, ularning dastur tuzishdagi o‘rni va amaliy dasturlar yaratishdagi qo‘llanilishi haqida fikr yuritiladi.

Mazkur maqolada yosh atletlarning sog‘lig‘iga intensiv jismoniy mashg‘ulotlarning fiziologik va psixologik ta’siri ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqotda o‘smir sportchilar organizmida yuzaga keladigan o‘zgarishlar, stressga chidamlilik, mushak va yurak-qon tomir tizimi holati, shuningdek, ruhiy holatdagi o‘zgarishlar tahlil qilinadi. Empirik kuzatuvlar asosida mashg‘ulot yuklamasining sog‘liq uchun optimal chegaralari aniqlanadi. Shuningdek, sportchilarning ruhiy barqarorligini oshirish bo‘yicha amaliy tavsiyalar beriladi.

Ushbu maqola ko‘zi ojiz sportchilar uchun para dzyudo mashg‘ulotlarining biomekanik va funksional asoslarini yoritishga bag‘ishlangan. Unda harakat koordinatsiyasi, tananing statik va dinamik muvozanatini saqlash, tayanch-harakat tizimining moslashuvi, shuningdek, sensor kompensatsiya mexanizmlari tahlil qilinadi. Muallif amaliy biomekanik yondashuvlar, dzyudo uslublarining ko‘zi ojiz sportchilar uchun moslashtirilgan variantlari hamda ular uchun samarali mashg‘ulot rejimlarini ishlab chiqish bo‘yicha metodik tavsiyalarni taqdim etadi.

Mazkur ishda aloqa va kommunikatsiya texnologiyalarining rivojlanish bosqichlari, ularning zamonaviy jamiyatga ta’siri hamda O‘zbekistonda faoliyat yuritayotgan yirik mobil aloqa operatorlarining holati va istiqbollari tahlil qilinadi.Shuningdek, 5G, IoT, sun’iy intellekt kabi ilg‘or texnologiyalarning kundalik hayotga ta’siri va jamiyatdagi o‘rni yoritilgan. 

In addition to being safer and more reliable than other modes of transport, rail transport is also an environmentally friendly mode of transport, which is also shows how important this mode of transport. High-speed train services are mainly organized from Tashkent to regions with attractive tourist destinations in our country. At the same time, the use of these trains is increasing year by year. This has significantly increased the share of rail transport in passenger transportation logistics.

In recent years, the growth of Uzbekistan’s economy and population has brought new challenges to the transport sector, particularly in railway transport. The role of railways in strengthening both domestic and international connections, as well as ensuring environmental sustainability, is becoming increasingly important. From this perspective, the development of logistics and the integration of railway transport with other modes of transport is crucial. The aim of this research is to study the effective application of logistics principles in passenger transport and explore the possibilities for integrating railway transport with other transport types. The article discusses the demographic and economic factors influencing the development of transport infrastructure, as well as the environmental problems arising due to the increase in population and the growing flow of transport. Additionally, it examines the necessity of implementing modern logistics approaches in the passenger transport sector and explores opportunities for improving Uzbekistan’s transport system through the integration of various transport modes.

This article investigates how flipped learning—a model where instructional content is delivered outside of class, often via video—affects second language acquisition. Drawing from research and school-based observations, the study examines improvements in learner engagement, classroom participation, and language outcomes. Findings suggest that flipped learning allows for deeper practice and interaction during class time, fostering autonomy and confidence in language learners.

Ota-ona haqida maqol va matallarda ifodalanadigan asosiy lingvistik madaniy xususiyatlar, milliy an'analar, qadriyatlar va oilaviy munosabatlarni yoritadi. Ushbu so'zlar va ifadalar, ota-ona sifatida shaxslarning ijtimoiy roli, ularning tarbiyaviy ahamiyati va farzandlar bilan munosabatlaridagi o'ziga xosliklarni aks ettiradi. Maqol va matallar orqali jamiyatning ota-ona nazariyasi, avlodlararo aloqalar va madaniy merosni saqlash kabi masalalar yoritilib, ular orqali xalqlar o'rtasida muhim axborot va qiyosiy tushuncha yaratiladi. Bu san'at asarida xalqona hikmat va bilish jarayoni, shuningdek, tarixiy kontekstda ota-ona obrazining rivojlanishi ko'rsatib o'tiladi.

Ushbu maqola o‘zbek adabiyotining nodir namunalaridan biri bo‘lgan Said Ahmadning “Qora ko‘z Majnun” hikoyasi misolida istak, mayl va birlik tushunchalarining o‘rni va ahamiyatini tahlil qiladi. Hikoyada inson qalbidagi chuqur his-tuyg‘ular, sadoqat va ruhiy uyg‘unlik orqali badiiy ifoda topgan istak va mayllarning inson hayotidagi ta’siri ko‘rsatilib, milliy qadriyatlar bilan bog‘liq birlik tushunchasi yoritiladi. Maqola mazmunan qadriyatlar va insoniylikni ulug‘lashga, ichki dunyo va tashqi ijtimoiy muhit o‘rtasidagi uyg‘unlikni anglashga yo‘naltirilgan.

Mazkur maqolada O‘zbek xalqining milliy pedagogik madaniyatida o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, o‘ziga xos milliy turmush tarzi va qadriyatlari aks etadi. IX-X asrlarda bola tarbiyasining xususiyatlari haqida ma’lumotlari berilgan. O‘zbek xalq pedagogikasi O‘rta Osiyodagi ijtimoiy hayot bilan birga shakllanishi haqida bayon etilgan. Umuminsoniy qadriyatlar mujassamlashgan bo‘lib, ularda xalqning turmush tarzi, axloq-odobi, urf-odatlari, marosimlari, an’analari, insoniy va ma’naviy qadriyatlari, diniy e’tiqodlari haqida bayon etilgan.           

Maqolada zamonaviy pedagogik texnologiyalarning boshlang‘ich ta’limdagi o‘rni, ularning ta’lim sifati va samaradorligini oshirishdagi roli tahlil qilinadi. Ta’lim jarayonida qo‘llanilayotgan innovatsion metodlar, AKT (axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari), interfaol usullar va STEAM yondashuvlari asosida boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining bilim, ko‘nikma va kompetensiyalarini shakllantirish yoritilgan. Empirik kuzatuvlar asosida texnologik yondashuvlarning o‘quv motivatsiyasiga ijobiy ta’siri ko‘rsatib berilgan.

Vatanparvarlik (patriotizm) tushunchasi insoniyat sivilizatsiyasi tarixining barcha bosqichlarida o‘zining murakkab, ko‘p qirrali va dinamik xarakteri bilan ajralib turuvchi ijtimoiy-psixologik va axloqiy-falsafiy fenomenlardan biri sifatida namoyon bo‘lib kelgan. Mazkur konsept zamirida individ va kollektiv ongning muayyan hudud, milliy identitet, tarixiy xotira, madaniy meros va siyosiy-huquqiy birliklar bilan uzviy bog‘lanish holati mujassamdir. Shunday ekan, vatanparvarlikning konseptual asoslarini zamonaviy ijtimoiy fanlar, jumladan, falsafa, siyosatshunoslik, sotsiologiya, tarixshunoslik va psixologiya nuqtayi nazaridan kompleks tahlil etish dolzarb ilmiy vazifalardan biri bo‘lib qolmoqda. Ushbu maqolada, tarbiyaviy ishlar metodikasida vatanparvarlik konseptsiyasi yoritib beriladi.

Ushbu maqolada trigonometrik funksiyalarning tarixiy rivojlanishi, ularning geometrik asoslari va amaliy qo‘llanilish sohalari tahlil qilingan. Dastlab trigonometrik tushunchalarning paydo bo‘lishi va tarixiy shakllanish bosqichlariga to‘xtalib o‘tiladi. Trigonometrik funksiyalarning geometrik talqini birlik aylana asosida yoritilib, sinus, kosinus, tangens va kotangens funksiyalarining grafiklari va ularning xossalari bayon etilgan. Shuningdek, bu funksiyalarning geometriya, fizika, texnologiya, informatika, biologiya, iqtisodiyot kabi ko‘plab fanlar va sohalarda qo‘llanilishi ko‘rsatib berilgan. O‘quv jarayonida ushbu mavzuning o‘rgatilish ahamiyati ham alohida yoritilgan.

Ushbu maqolada zamonaviy qurilish va montaj ishlari jarayonida keng qo‘llanilayotgan plastik quvurlarga ishlov berish texnologiyasi tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, dastaki va mexanizatsiyalashtirilgan asboblar yordamida quvurlarni kesish, bukish, payvandlash va ulash usullari o‘rganiladi. Har bir asbobning texnik xususiyatlari, qo‘llanish sohalari hamda xavfsizlik me’yorlariga alohida e’tibor qaratilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada ishlov berish sifati va samaradorligiga ta’sir etuvchi omillar hamda amaliy tavsiyalar yoritilgan.

This article explores the evolving landscape of education in the context of rapid advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI). It examines how AI technologies are reshaping teaching and learning processes, highlighting both their transformative potential and inherent limitations. The study emphasizes the irreplaceable role of human teachers as mentors, motivators, and ethical guides, while envisioning a future where AI and educators collaborate to create more personalized, efficient, and inclusive learning environments. Furthermore, the article discusses the challenges of integrating AI in education, such as ethical concerns, teacher training, and equitable access, underscoring the importance of balanced human-AI interaction for the sustainable development of educational systems.

Mazkur maqolada xizmatlar sohasining tarkibi, asosiy yo‘nalishlari va O‘zbekiston iqtisodiyotidagi Ro‘rni yoritilgan. Shuningdek, hukumat tomonidan xizmatlar sohasini qo‘llab-quvvatlash choralari, Rfevral oylarida xizmatlar hajmining oshishi, ayniqsa moliyaviy, transport, yashash va ovqatlanish, aloqa xizmatlarining sezilarli o‘sishi alohida ta’kidlangan.

Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterine cavity, leading to pain, infertility, and diminished quality of life.  Globally, it affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age, equating to over 190 million individuals.  Despite its prevalence, the etiology remains multifactorial and not fully understood.  This literature review synthesizes current knowledge on the global prevalence and potential etiological factors of endometriosis, including genetic predisposition, hormonal imbalances, immune system dysfunction, environmental exposures, and anatomical anomalies.  Understanding these factors is crucial for early diagnosis, effective management, and the development of targeted therapies.

The field of translation studies involves complex linguistic and cognitive processes. Central to the act of translation are two key concepts: translation units and translation shifts. This article explores their definitions, functions, and interrelationship, drawing upon both classical and contemporary theories in translation. It aims to clarify how translators identify and manipulate units of meaning during the transfer from source to target language, and how inevitable changes—or shifts—occur in the process.

Ushbu maqolada raqamli texnologiyalarning asosiy tuzilishi va ularni tashkil etuvchi elementlarga bag'ishlangan. Raqamli texnologiyalar zamonaviy axborot va kommunikatsiya tizimlarining poydevori bo'lib, ular ma'lumotlarni raqamli shaklda qayta ishlash va uzatishga imkon beradi. Mavzuda raqamli qurilmalar, ularning komponentlari, signallar va ularning ishlash prinsiplari haqida tushunchalar beriladi. Shuningdek, raqamli texnologiyalarning asosiy elementlari — protsessorlar, xotira, kirish-chiqish qurilmalari va dasturiy ta'minot haqida ma'lumotlar keltiriladi. Ushbu bilimlar raqamli tizimlarni tushunish va ulardan samarali foydalanish uchun muhimdir.

Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha ta’lim tashkilotlarida o’yinlardan foydalanish ,o’yining bola hayotidagi o’rni yoritilgan.