All articles - Automation and Control Systems

Ushbu maqolada pochta jo‘natmasiga ishlov berishda saralash jarayonlarining o‘rni, pochta aloqasida chiqayotgan, kirayotgan va tranzit pochta jo‘natmalariga ishlov berish jarayonlari, bu borada xorijiy olimlarning fikr-mulohazalari asosida jo‘natmani manzilga yetkazib berishning o‘ziga xos yo‘llariga to‘xtalib o‘tilgan.

Ushbu ilmiy izlanishda asosan xozirgi kundagi intellektual transport tizimlaridagi foydalanilayotgan tizimlar tahlili qolaversa ularda uchrayotgan muammolar qarab chiqilgan. So‘nggi o‘n yil ichida turli xil sharoitlarni (masalan, haydovchi monitoringi, shinalar bosimi, yog‘ bosimi, avtomobil tezligi, tezlashuv va joylashuvi) kuzatish uchun komponentlarni o‘z ichiga olgan ko‘plab transport vositalari paydo bo‘ldi. Narsalar interneti (IoT) ma’lum bir muhitdan har xil turdagi ma’lumotlarni to‘plash imkonini beradi. Ikkala tendentsiya natijalarining integratsiyasi transport vositalari interneti (IoV) kontseptsiyasining paydo bo‘lishiga olib keldi. IoVni amalga oshirish turli texnologiyalardan foydalangan holda boshqa qurilmalar va infratuzilma bilan aloqa o‘rnatish uchun qurilmalarni (datchiklar, shaxsiy qurilmalar, aktuatorlar va boshqalar) talab qiladi. Bunday qurilmalarning o‘zaro ta’siri qurilmalar o‘rtasidagi nomuvofiqlik, internetga ulanish uchun turli sifatlar va javob vaqtlari, cheklangan ishlov berish va saqlash imkoniyatlari kabi bir qancha muammolariga olib keldi. Ushbu muammolarning qisqacha tahlili ushbu maqolada qarab chiqilgan. 

Maqolada paxtani havo quvurlariga uzatish jarayoni tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotlarda paxtaning havo quvurlariga bir me’yorda uzatilmasligi aniqlangan va uning sabablari o‘rganilgan. Paxtani uzatishdagi notekislikni bartaraf etish uchun gorizontal lentada joylashgan paxta qatlamini tekislash kerak bo‘ladi. Olib borilgan tadqiqotlar natijasiga ko‘ra tekislovchi element sifatida tebranib turuvchi metal plastinka tanlandi. Yangi vibratsion ta’minlagichni ishlatish bilan notekislikni yuqori darajada kamaytirish mumkinligi ma’lum bo‘ldi.

Статья посвящена анализу и совершенствованию подходов к механизму управления персоналом на предприятиях лёгкой промышленности. В статье рассматриваются основные проблемы, c которыми сталкиваются предприятия данной отрасли в области управления персоналом, такие как эффективность мотивации сотрудников, управление знаниями и навыками, а также создание благоприятной организационной среды. Для решения данныхпроблем предлагаются современные подходы и инструменты, такие как использование технологий управления персоналом, внедрение системы управления знаниями, разработка гибких методов мотивации и обучения персонала. Анализ применения этих подходов на практике позволяет сделать выводы о их эффективности и потенциале для улучшения управления персоналом на предприятиях лёгкой промышленности.

Ushbu maqolada iqtisodiyotni erkinlashtirish va rivojlantirish, ishbilarmonlik muhitini yaxshilash, iqtisodiyot tarmoqlarining raqobatbardoshligini oshirish bo‘yicha tub islohotlarni amalga oshirishga qaratilgan ijtimoiy-iqtisodiy rivojlanishining barqaror, ijobiy o‘sishi haqida so’z yuritilgan.

В данной статье рассмотрено предложение применения искусственного интеллекта в сфере здравоохранения, в частности, предложена идея разработки Price-telegram-бота для медицинских услуг, обоснованы цель и преимущества данной разработки, предложены этапы создания и пошаговая инструкция использования данного бота.

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. The experience of advanced countries (USA, Japan, Spain, France and others.) shows that the most effective authority in the water and land management at the landowners level arc non-governmental, non-profit and community organizations. These organizations contribute to equitable sharing of water resources, regardless of location, type and size of farmlands, prevention of illegal water withdrawals, reduce the volume of irrigation water losses, improving the quality of maintenance of canals, drainage and other infrastructure.
Uzbekistan water consumers association (WCA) is situating in intermediate position between governmental structure of water management and directly main water consumers. WCAs must be equipped with modem water and land resources management methods and tools, for increasing the water using efficiency, as well as coordination of the association members.
"On measures to improve land reclamation and rational use of water resources” from April 19, 2013 and Cabinet Ministries Decree № KM-82 "Approval order of water use and consumption in the Republic of Uzbekistan" from March 19, 2013, contributed in the providing of these studies. These tasks arc designed to mitigate water shortages through the introduction of improved operational adjustment methods of water use plans and optimize areas of crops, improve the efficiency of agronomic and reclamation methods based on the methods of forecasting the dynamics of soil moisture, upgrade laser leveling design methods and technologies.
Subject of research - economic and mathematical model of water allocation and optimization crop areas, soil moisture-storage technology and its models, as well as the technology of laser land leveling with soil subsidence.
Scientific novelty of dissertation research is as follows:
developed water distribution and crop areas optimization method for increasing the irrigation water and land resources productivity;
developed method of forecasting the GWT dynamics with background of SHD;
for the first time developed method for determining evapotranspiration with the development of the plant root system, depth of arable layer and the GWT;
for the first time developed technique for forecasting soil moisture dynamics with background of SHD and applied technologies: traditional technology (root -arable - subsurface layers), stage by stage layer loosening (root - subsurface layers), deep loosening of the field in the vegetation period for the accumulation of moisture in soils (arable - subsurface layers);
developed technology for designing and land leveling works on subsiding soils.
CONCLUSION
Studies allow us to formulate the following conclusions, determined by theoretical and practical significance of the work:
1. An economic -mathematical model (equation 2) to adjust the water use plans in conditions of water scarcity was developed. Optimization problem of water distribution between crops in terms of WCAs and farmers can be solved by proposed model, which will minimize the loss of agricultural production under water scarcity. That allows to increase revenue 342 400 UZS/ha (WCA Sairam Kuyi Suvi -Chirchik district of Tashkent region) compared to the traditional methods of water distribution.
2. The economic -mathematical model (equation 3) for operational optimization of agricultural land with a deficit of irrigation water was developed. Experience of the crop area optimization indicate a need for diversification of species and varieties of crops. Only through proper diversification revenue can increase to the sum of 454 200 Uzb/ha (farm Mamatkul Jurakul ugli at WCA N.Mirzacv Kumkurgan District of Surkhondarya Region).
3. Created the economical-mathematical model (equation 4) to optimize areas of crops and volumes of water allocation under extention of water scarcity. Implementing the optimization of crops area and water distribution in the irrigation water shortage period minimized agriculture losses in dry years. For example, economic efficiency after the introduction of this method in the farm "Saodat" in WCA N.Mirzacv at Kumkurgan District of Surkhandarya Region was 821 500 UZS/ha higher than the control.
4. Until now, when modeling the moisture flow associated with the evaporation of the physical, not considered it’s changing to a limited extent. In this connection, in this work, is taken into account the change of volumetric humidity in the range of wilting moisture to field capacity. Based on the analytical solutions of moisture transfer in automorphic soils in the initial period of plant development and taking into account the development of the root system, by solving the inverse problem in physics (procedure Acad. Abutalieva FB) determined the physical parameters of soil in considered WCA.
5. An analytical dependence (equation 12) determines the moisture flow (physical evaporation) on the earth surface, based on agronomic parameters (tilth), the physical properties of soils and the development of plant root systems and soil humidity changes within a limited range (from wilting to field capacity).
6. The author suggests the analytical dependence (equation 15) of groundwater table dynamics at SHD background in space and time, which differs significantly from the results of P.Y. Polubarinova - Cochina, receiving an average depth of groundwater, the average value of the maximum and minimum water level.
Developed (transcendental) equation (equation 16) to determine the groundwater level to any fixed time period and is a function of the soil porosity, the soil percolation coefficient, the intensity of infiltration, the evaporation at the soil surface, drain spacing and critical depth.
7. The author created mathematical model (equation 17) which describes the SHD resistance coefficient and discharge in time. In contrast to acad. S.F. Averianov receiving SHD percolation resistance and discharge as constant value, the author proves the change SHD percolation resistance and its discharge.
8. Based on this formula the dynamics of the groundwater level, the author developed model (equation 23) and a software for solving the problem on the forecasting humidity for orchards, vineyards and perennial crops, i.e. humidity changes in a homogeneous soil. The results showed that the decrease in volumetric humidity near the drainage is faster than in the middle drainage space.
9. On the basis of theoretical studies, the dependence (equations 26 and 27) the change of humidity in a bilayer soil (vegetation period, arable and subsurface layers) allows to determine the dynamics of moisture in the aeration zone for collecting moisture from "artificial" winter floods caused by the transition to energetically management of transboundary waters.
10. The numerical solution of (equations 29 and 30) equations of the dynamics of moisture transfer in stage by stage layers loosening on the background of the SHD, consider having a two-layer medium (root and subsurface layers). Solution of the problem can optimize the depth and time of stage by stage layers loosening for increasing irrigation interval. The proposed simulation method of moisture transfer stage by stage layers loosening allowed to get accurate data on humidity changes in compared to the previously used method (F.A. Baraev and M. Abbaskhanov).
11. Mathematical models (equations 32, 33, 34), considering three-layer soil (root, arable and subsurface layers) allow to determine the dynamics of soil moisture on irrigated field under SHD background. Using the procedure by solving the inverse problem in physics (procedure Acad. Abutalieva FB) determined the physical parameters of soil in considered WCA.
12. Improved methods of laser leveling design (equations 35, 36) of irrigated land on subsiding soils, reduces the amount of cut/fill works to 12-16% (WCA Muhtarali Yusupov Kurgantepa district of Andijan Region). The developed method promotes creating a stable plane.

The topicality and significance of the subject of dissertation. The world's turnover for the development and dissemination of multimedia tools for the year 1994 amounted to 16 billion. USA dollars, by 2014 this figure had risen to 100 billion. USA dollars. As a result of multcmcdinyh storage technologies, processing, treatment and representation of discrete-continuous data in 2012 were 83%. A feature of modem multimedia systems arc discrete-continuous nature of their operation, above all, it is that the multimedia systems, which arc used in various fields, made up of the individual subsystems. Their status change both continuously and discretely at certain points.
Acceleration of the dynamics of processes in all spheres of human activity, the increasing complexity of industrial production, social, economic and political life naturally led, on the one hand, a rapid increase in demand for information knowledge. However, this process has created the urgent need to create new tools, technologies based on special methods, models, algorithms and software package that allows to organize, send, receive, process, information flows, creating a user-friendly interface to access to information resources, and thereby providing users with a complete, accurate and easy to read information resources. Thus, the construction of mathematical and information models, efficient algorithms based on them developed problem-oriented software systems for the design of control systems for discrete-continuous processes in processing of information resources TIAV- multimedia systems is the actuality of the task.
Multimedia systems arc a necessary component of the process of using information resources of society, and the pace of their development is largely determined by the rate of accumulation of professional knowledge. A large number of audio-visual information has become available in digital form, in the form of digital files, on the Internet, a broadcast stream, as well as in the form of private or professional databases. The value of information is often dependent because, as it is easy to find, extract, filter, and manage.
Multimedia information plays an important role in society, being recorded on the medium, or acting in real time from the audio or visual sensors in analog or digital form. While audiovisual information originally intended for people who arc now increasingly such data arc generated and transmitted and perceived computer systems. The development of information and communication technologies, increasing the information resources of society, and the pace of their development is largely determined by the rate of accumulation, processing of information resources.
The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On measures to further the implementation and development of modem information and communication technologies" on March 21, 2012, № PR-1730 identified the priorities in the development and implementation of modem systems of computerization and information-communication technologies. The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the organization of the media center of the National Television and Radio Company of Uzbekistan" from 24.02.2011, № PR-1488 and in the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the organization of information and library provision of population of the Republic" from 20.06.2006, the attention is paid to the development of multimedia technologies and systems.
All processes in multimedia systems arc discrete-continuous; as a result, there is a need to develop models of efficient algorithms, software system and such automated multimedia systems, which would include online design engineers TIAV containers, based on the usage class objects of TIAV. Analysis of problems and challenges of designing multimedia system shows the presence of difficulties in the development of information, functional, dynamic models, efficient algorithms and implementation of the organizational structure of software TIAV-entertainment system.
Purpose of research development of methods, models and algorithms for discrete-continuous processing of information resources in TIAV-multimcdia systems.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research consists in the following:
conceptual model TIAV-multimcdia system, with multiple defined constraints on its elements (factors) used for the design of the output performance of the media process, which will reduce the time input of information resources, make informed optimal solutions for multimedia process and identify system-wide requirements;
developed a mathematical model TIAV-multimcdia system, using regression equations describing the dynamic processes of forecasting targets based on input factors and linear differential equations determining the dynamics of the stochastic process of multimedia;
a mathematical model developed computational models, proven range of restrictions, allowing to obtain sustainable solutions;
developed a discrete-continuous model with the properties of focus, of course, simplicity, adequacy, informativeness, stability, integrity, adaptability, manageability, which is determined by the convolution of optimality criteria, which is a convenient way to describe and study a variety of complex systems, processes, based on an integrated approach processing information resources, allowing the description of audio-visual data within the multimedia environment.
The model proves its superiority in the management, systematization of information resources and the application of preferential treatment the flow of incoming user requests;
in the framework of a hierarchical distribution of information resources, the class of multimedia objects TIAV (text, image, audio, video) in order to improve the technical level of the media process, improve the process of creating TIAV containers provide a convenient user experience, moreover, carried out selection criteria formed the main requirements for the handling of information resources that will determine the effectiveness of the use of specific features, limitations and capabilities TIAV-entcrtainmcnt system;
based on the proposed mathematical model developed software TIAV-multimcdia system, including the online system - Designer TIAV containers, allowing the organization of multimedia process by creating and broadcasting TIAV containers, providing a friendly interface for non-trained users with information resources TIAV-entcrtainmcnt system.
Conclusion
The dissertation is the application of systems analysis and synthesis, optimization, discrete and continuous linear programming method, the general theory of management, probability theory, decision theory, the following results were obtained in the development of methods, models and algorithms for decisionmaking in discrete-continuous processes TIAV- multimedia systems:
1. Implemented analysis of the use of discrete-continuous processing of information resources for multimedia systems, allowing them to identify the specific characteristics and determine the trends of development.
2. In the framework of a hierarchical distribution of information resources, the class of multimedia objects TIAV (text, image, audio, video) to improve the technical level of the media process, improve the process of creating TIAV containers provide a convenient user experience, moreover, carried out selection criteria formed the basic requirements applicable to the processing of information resources that will determine the effectiveness of the use of specific features, limitations and capabilities TIAV-entcrtainmcnt system.
3. The proposed conceptual model TIAV-multimcdia system, taking into account the restrictions on the factors in multimedia systems, forming a plurality of structural and design options, analyze performance, providing the organization of multimedia process on a new methodology based on design allows to reduce terms of input information resources to get the best solutions for the multimedia process and define a system-wide requirements.
4. The developed mathematical model TIAV-multimcdia system, allowed to formulate the idea of functioning of the multimedia system, the relationship of parameters, predicting the behavior of the system, finding the optimal conditions, the development of software that meets the following requirements, the adequacy of the information content of the object of design with a given accuracy required for the design and management , reflect the actual physical connection of control actions with the parameters of the model: the minimum time for the implementation and the smallest amount of computer memory.
5. The study found that software TIAV-multimcdia system allows the flow to service users coming with intensity X (person / min) for the average service time per user each container TIAV 0.05 (min). The system can service (during formation of queues) not more than 14 members.
6. Holding elections computational method to estimate the parameters of the proposed mathematical model to support a systematic approach to the synthesis of adaptive control TIAV-multimcdia system, contributing to the rapid adoption of the best solutions for managing multimedia process.
7. The developed algorithm TIAV-entcrtainmcnt system to select the optimal number of multimedia objects, convolution of criteria corresponding properties Krotov. The optimum amount TIAV containers in a multimedia system is 5-7 per user, so that the average residence time of users in the multimedia system does not exceed the predetermined optimum operating time TIAV containers, i.e. tsisl<t:ad that the condition, as well as the probability characteristics of service users in determining the optimal amount TIAV containers, ie the probability of failure is close to 0.03 sec .; relative and absolute capacity of up to 4 TIAV containers / min; the average number of users queued 2-3 people; the average number of employed TIAV container reaches 5-6; the average residence time users in a multimedia system is from 30-105 minutes.
8. Conduct pilot operation TIAV-multimcdia system, while the results were compared with existing analogs, as a result of industrial exploitation of software and algorithmic complex proposed TIAV - multimedia system automate the collection, processing and storage of multimedia information, managed to raise the level of perception of the media, complete perception of the information resources has increased from 89% to 98% relative to the existing analogues, the processing unit of the multimedia data dropped from 0.05 to 0.033 m, or 1.2 times.

The topicality and demand of the theme of dissertation. At present, the accelerated development of new technologies around the world enhances the demand for the use of the electromagnetic field device management systems, production processes, every day. The world is currently about 35% of sewage and drinking water should be cleaned, decontaminated and desalted. In this context, the rational use of drinking water, municipal and industrial, sewage, improving the quality of processing, with the help of technical means of cleansing and disinfection and technologies usoverschenstvovanic comprehensive measures arc priorities.
Globally, currently about 2-3% (K.W. hour) of electricity generated is spent on the purification of waste water, decontamination and desalination. In this regard, one of the main objectives of the national economy is to provide decontamination and desalination devices with high performance and efficiency, greater reliability and energy efficiency, it becomes important.
In this regard, according to existing technologies reagent methods of cleaning and disinfection arc costly and ineffective, in which water is not enough cleaned and disinfected, does not provide high reliability and economic efficiency. Based on these provisions, it is appropriate to study, research devices, control systems unified spatial electromagnetic field. On the basis of performed cleaning, disinfection, desalination and desalination, which provides energy saving, high reliability, performance, and versatility that is highly relevant.
In this regard, of particular interest is the introduction and improvement of science-based technologies of processing and analysis of cleaning methods, decontamination and desalination of water, based on the pulse and vortex electric, electromagnetic, magnetic, gravitational and twisting vortex field device management systems, unified spatial electromagnetic field.
This dissertation research to some extent is to complete the task given to the Cabinet of Ministers "Improvement of water supply control systems», №320 of 21 July 2003 "On the economical use of water resources», №183 from April 14, 2004.
The purpose of the study is to provide a unified management systems spatial electromagnetic field for cleaning, disinfection, desalination of sewage and drinking water.
Conclusion
Summarizing the results of carried out researches the comprehensive studies of the SSDF were conducted for the first time in the dissertation. Industrial, experimental and theoretical studies allowed to determine a stable work of SSDF by using modem electronic control devices which provide a stable work in its operating range.
The main scientific results, conclusions and recommendations of the work arc the following:
1. There was determined that study of issues of the comparative analysis of electromagnetic pulse power systems and power control systems of electromagnetic devices of a single spatial field showed that the device of final control element, based on pulse electromagnetic field and vortex electric field using much more fully meets the requirements.
2. There was developed a control system with thyristor inverter of frequency for the plant of purification and disinfection of water by the pulsed electromagnetic field, providing consistency of shape and amplitude of the oscillation energy in the executive solenoid of exciting winding.
3. There were studied devices of final control element’s control system with using of Elcktronics Workbench software and tool program C ++ Builder. The modeled data gave the possibility to clarify and visually examine processes taking place in device and improve the control system scheme.
4. There was stated from a current-voltage characteristic of the single surface field’s device control that starting from 60 A to 300 A the section of a currentvoltage characteristic (linear section) is the voltage stabilizer and most suitable for SSFD work. The voltage in the SSFD on this section does not depend on the applied current, and depends only on the design features of the inductance coils of final control element’s exciting windings and copper rod of SSFD. For the stable operation of SSFD there was determined a control voltage providing the stable work of SSFD in the current working range.
5. There was proposed the calculation method for the linear magnetic system, determined the electromagnetic force field winding of the final control element at serial and parallel connection. A feature of this method is that the ratios between the flux linkages and currents for such a system are written in the form of linear equations containing inductance and mutual inductance of exciting windings of the final control element.
6. There was found that minimizing condition of relative losses in the copper of the field winding taking into account its characteristics can be provided only with a definite form of voltage impulse at its clamps. In the electromagnetic system with non-zero internal resistance of the circuit and the final value of inductance can be obtained the minimum value of the relative energy losses in the copper of exciting winding if pulses of the square of the current and inductance derivative to carry out with respect to time at similar form.
7. There were shown the dynamic properties and sustainability issues, as well as the reserves of stability and transients for SSEF real control systems were identified to ensure the normal operation of the device. Experimental studies of SSEF control system showed that newly developed system meets all the requirements of the control systems of such devices in the dynamic conditions of their work.
8. There were developed the algorithms for calculating the reliability of SSEF control systems that allow us to determine the quantitative characteristics of reliability in operation.
9.The industrial model has passed tests at sewage treatment plants of Salar WWTP "Suvsoz." The use of industrial model has reduced the collie-index almost to 99%.
10. The developed device management systems SSEF on key technical indicators and parameters is significantly superior.
When using the device management systems common spatial electromagnetic field reliability exceeds 1,30 times the prototype, the efficiency of 20% water disinfection performance and service life is increased twice.
The economic effect of the introduction of the device management system is EPEP 67 million, sum per year.
Thus, on the basis of theoretical generalization and implementation set out in the new research positions, solved a big problem of developing a unified device management systems spatial electromagnetic field which is of great economic importance.

Subjects of research: springs, methods and technological processes of restoration of cylindrical coil springs used in agricultural, land reclamation and construction machines, tractors, automobiles and manufacturing equipment.
Purpose of work: To upgrade the resource recovery technologies of cylindrical coil springs used in agricultural, land reclamation and construction machines, tractors, automobiles and manufacturing equipment.
Methods of research: Theoretical studies were performed using the basic tenets of the theory of mechanics, plastic deformation, heat balance and mathematical analysis, and an experimental study in the laboratory, laboratory-production and production conditions, using respectively test and measurement instrument.
The results obtained and their novelty: modernized the method and equipments for restoring springs arc derived to determine the dependence of processing modes in view of reducing the elasticity of the springs
Practical value: modernized method and arrangement and technological process for restoring springs.
Degree of installation and economic effectivity: research and technological process adopted for the implementation of the production process of "TashOR 'and the ICC Yukori Chirchik fog Tashkent region of the association" Uzagromashservis "and the learning process of the Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Land Reclamation. Cost of restoration of valve springs is 664,73 or the sum of 33% of the cost of a new spring. The expected economic effect of the sum at 6454238 recovery program 5000 units per year. Payback period of investment is 2 years.
Field of application: Recommended for specialized repair services associations "Uzagromashservis" and repair shops of machine-tractor parks.

Subjects of research: advanced manufacturing facilities, which have a variety of extremal (emergency) and pre-conditions.
Purpose of work: Development of applied aspects of building management system production facilities under extreme conditions, which will enhance the effectiveness and safety of the control object.
Methods of research : to solve the problems used the theory of system analysis, hierarchical multi-level systems, mathematical modeling methods, techniques and situations gravitational logic simulation, the principles of obtaining guaranteed-consistent results, simulation, optimization and synthesis of control systems.
The results obtained and their novelty: formalized mathematical description of the transformation process of the substrate in the form of equations, developed the algorithm of choice of strategy management of the facility with the best guaranteed result, based on the establishment of functions and functional analytical form, developed an algorithm for assessment of technological processes and management under extreme conditions specific examples of biotechnological production.
Practical value: Concluded the development of complex algorithms and software tools to solve the problem of modeling , monitoring and evaluating performance object management, providing process management function for recovery of rational exploitation operation of production systems in different states.
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: designed modeling algorithms, software package, Propositions and recommendations have been got practical applications in the pharmaceutical and food companies. The total economic effect was 11,362 sums (in 2008 y.).
Field of application: The mathematical model and algorithms can be used in various sectors of the economy for the optimal management of production facilities, which have many different extremal (emergency) and pre-conditions.

Subjects of the research: The ring spinning machine «Zinser», cotton fiber and yarn samples produced from it.
Purpose of work: Improve the quality of yarn on the basis of theoretical research and practical and optimization of parameters of ring spinning machine «Zinser».
Method of research: Of properties of yarn carried on the researching equipment of certification center named after «CENTEXUZ» at TITLI, also on the modern test equipment installed in the laboratory branch of “Gurlan teks” foreign company “Muruvvat teks”. There are used the theory of mechanics of yarns, methods of mathematical statistics and analysis of the experiment in this thesis.
The results obtained and their novelty: The influence of spindle speed and twist on the properties of the yarn was studied. Defined the dominant influence on the properties of the yarn twist, and with increasing number of twist the difference of actual twist increases than nominal. Justified that by changing the size of the triangle of twisting may improve the structure of the yarn and improving its quality. Strain components are estimated with great accuracy using strain created by the test apparatus. Determined that the compact yarn has a higher tensile force compared to the conventional yarn by 14% and hairiness below 80%.
Practical value: Based on research of the effect speed spindle and twist on the properties of the yarn recommended optimal operating parameters of high-speed ring spinning machines. Rationale for ways to improve the quality of the actual yarn is of great practical importance.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: The results of the thesis introduced in the spinning machine with 1200 spindles in branch “Gurlan teks” foreign company “Muruvvat teks” and economic efficiency of 43180.35 thousand sum. per year.
Field of application: Mills of spinning.

Research objects: cutting elements of excavating parts of earth-moving machines and open cut excavators;
The the work purpose: creating scientific principles of the wear theory of cutting elements and design constructor-technological determines on their base, which increase longevity of excavating parts of earth-moving machines.
Research methods: Were used biomechanical and mathematical modeling of wear-out process of cutting elements, their interactions with earth, were applied methods of the numerical analysis, scientific points of theories of friction and wear-out, prediction and statistical обработка got results. The experimental studies were conducted on stand and in natural condition with using the modem metrological equipment on standard methods and with using method of the planning the experiment.
The got results and their novelty: there were designed discrete phase dynamic model of earth cutting, which formalizes the process of chip forming, developments overtaking rifts and wear. Also there were offered method of determining optimal construction of cutting elements based on realization of biomechanical principles.
Practical value: Using the offered methods, algoritms and models can allow design and prediction of influence constructor-technological desicions to wear resistance of cutting elements during the project process. Based on biomechanical research it was designed optimal engineerings of cutting elements with increased wear resistance and produtivity. Were given rccomcndations on choosing wear resistant fillers.
The Degree of the introduction and cost-performance: Designed recommendations on increasing of longevity cutting organ землеройных of the machines arc introduced in концерне "Avtoyul", Navoiyskom is blazcd-mctallurgical combine (NGMK), trust "Tashgordorstroyrcmont", АООТ "Kurdish mechanization", "UZNIIPROCVETMET", JC "Specsplav", as well as in scholastic process. Expected economic effect from introduction result work in public facilities of the Republic Uzbekistan will form over 5,28 млрд bags (on condition on 2003).
The Application: road construction, agricultural, mining, machine building and scientific-research works.

Subjects of research: metal polymer compositions formed at sorption leaching of gold from gold ores. Waste of unit of delivery of pitch on regeneration (“shepa” and sand).
Purpose of work: development of effective technology of reception metal polymer compositions from waste of sorption leaching gold by their additional flotation in gold extraction manufactures.
Methods of w'ork: in work physic mechanical, chemical and physical and chemical methods of researches flotation processes and waste of unit of delivery of pitch on regeneration arc used. For calculation of technological losses metal polymer compositions on all repartitions of sorption leaching the computer program is used.
The results obtained and their novelty: as a result of the lead researches laws of formation ferro-and ferricyanides arc established at sorption leaching of gold. Negative influence formed ferro-and ferricyanides on capacity and flotation properties anion exchange pitches is established, diagrams Purbc of sorption leaching of gold is constructed. For extraction of functional classes metal polymer compositions from “shepa” and from sand allocated in unit of delivery of pitch on regeneration for the first time have been used a method of flotation. The effective technology of reception metal polymer compositions from waste of sorption leaching of gold is developed.
Practical value: the developed technology of reception metal polymer compositions will allow to reduce losses anion exchange pitches with production wastes, to lower the cost price of let out production and to raise efficiency of process sorption leaching of gold ores.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: at approbation of technology in the integrated laboratory conditions on the basis of laboratory “Enrichment of minerals” The Tashkent state technical university. Extraction metal polymer compositions from “shepa” has made compositions 94,3% and from sand 96,22%. Losses of pitch thus decrease with 6,5 up to 1,29%. Expected economic benefit at introduction of technology of reception metal polymer compositions on a gold extract factory productivity 600 ton ores in day will more than 80,0 million sum in a year.
Field of application: mining-metallurgical industry.

Research objects: contactless ferromagnetic transformations with distributions of magnetic parameters CFT and devised of non-destroyed control of quality of industrial production and functioning of technical processes expansion of controlling scopes, mathematical models of the main characteristic, the sources of errors effective and multifunctional ferromagnetic transformations and processes of their projection.
Purpose of work: theoretical generalization and development of methods of originated of contactless ferromagnetic transformations with distributions of magnetic parameters with the purpose of creation of contactless ferromagnetic transformations with distributed of magnetic parameters with the purpose of rise effectiveness and broadening of functional possibility of contactless ferromagnetic transformations and functioning technical process for the system of control and management.
Research methods: analytical and experiment methods and methods of structural schemes, theory of automatic management, theory of measuring transformers, theory of errors and operator method.
Got results and their novelty: generalized principles of construction of CFT of contactless ferromagnetic transformations with distributed magnetic parameters devices of non-destroyed control of quality production and technological processes, classified and exposed the generalized structural schemes and methods of improvement of main basic description of CFT allowing to receive 21 of author’s certifications for inventions: developed and explored new constructions and their mathematical models, were offered with the calculation of non - linear of crooked magnetized, distributed magnetic parameters and constructive features of different types CFT. The static and dynamic models are worked out which allow to analyze all basic exact characteristics and it was worked out a method of heuristic structural synthes of CFT on the basic of counts models of combination of socialized methods, and graphical models improving of their main characteristics, introduce order scheme of priority of main elements with the calculation of a requirement introduced by systems of control and management, the method of the parametrical planning of CFT is developed with the use of computer which allows to choose optimum parameters.
Practical value: developing in the dissertation general principles of construction CFT allow to analyses existing and to develop new patent ability constructions. CFT of non-destroyed control of quality. Worked out methods of analysis and synthesis of distributing of magnetic stream in integration. Can be used for research development of new high effective and multifunctional and non - destroyed of contactless transformation and devices and transformers of velocity on base of CFT too. Given in account in the dissertation allow to make a preliminary choice of structure and according to small and general elements CFT, calculation their main characteristics and to work out CFT having enlarged controlled diapason in main elements and mass, technological construction lowered material capacity and cost galvanic out come between coming into and out of chains and raised exactness because of diminution of errors from influence of external magnetic fields of neighboring tires with current and from displacement tires from the centre window CFT and possibility of fixed regulations of sensibleness in a broad diapason transformed CFT and flexible integration contour for heavy external environment of CTF, devised in different systems of control and management with the help of leading to formulas graphs and programs of calculation on computer.
Degree of introduction and economic efficiency: worked out CFT and devices of non-destroyed control of quality of industrial production and functioning of technical processes and transformation of velocity of rotation of engines are inculated by small series in systems of automatized electro wires - drawing machines and in SAM of main drivers of rolling - mills 600, 1000 and 1200 and vacuum arched stoves at the UzHAW (Uzbek hard alloys metals) in S of AR of current of load of electrolysis baths SC “Electrokimesanoat” and Moscow scientific - research Institute of chlorine industry (Russia) in straightened terristorical establishments in Almalick metallurgical plant in main drive and rolling - mill 850 at Serov metallurgical plant( Serov Russia) in the system of nutrition focusing and rotary electromagnetic of accelerators of elementary fractions in common works with SRI of energetics and automation of AS of republik Uzbekistan, in Chirchik EKB of A SU in chemical automation in ore thermal of AS of M of IJ of production of yellow phosphorus of Shimkent PJ (Kazakhstan) and OJSC of “ChTP”, Plant “Deka”, OJSC “UzHAW”, Chirchik AEN, OJSC “Uzbekkimemash”, OJSC of Megaluxe Trait so on. An economic effect from realization of developments makes 18.43 mln sum at present time.
Application domain: drawn on results of researches and developments can be widely used in working out of light non - destructive contactless as stationary as portable CFT for the very different system of control and management with application in some cases of micro processes in chemical industry colour and black metallurgy in electro machine - building and in electro apparatus - building in manufacturing industry in electrical transport and etc.

Objects of research. Main parameters of electrical classifier for collection seeds of a cotton
The purpose of work. Development and research main parameters of electrical classifier for fluffy seeds of cotton
Methods of researches. Methods are carried out by certain physical feature of seeds of cotton. Theoretical researches are carried out by basis of results before studied theory of electromagnetic fields. Experimental researches are performed in using with methods of mathematic planning of many factors research and mathematical statistics.
The received results and their novelty. Researching of main physic feature of collection seed of a cotton, theoretical basics of separating fluffy seeds of cotton to fraction by means of the cylinder dielectric work part, end of the development design and mode parameters of the electrical classifier, results of economical efficiency with use of electrical classifier.
The scientific novelty. Main physical feature of fluffy collection seeds of cotton, parameters of the surface polarization of seed in the different polar electrodes, radius of the different polar electrodes and mathematical modeling of movement path of separated seeds, scientific based of design and mode parameters electrical classifier for fluffy seeds of cotton.
The practical importance. Increased in 10 times on separating process of with high accuracy of collection seeds of a cotton provides the practical importance of germination energy of seeds and its germination rate up corresponding to 4 and 8%.
Degree of application and economic efficiency. The equipment received for preparation of collection seeds and elite seeds where keeps in UzCSRI’s gene foundation.
Using electrical classifiers provides making 2,3 million sums economic benefit per year at the expense of electromechanization hand works
Sphere of usage. Cotton seed laboratory

Topicality and demand of the theme of dissertation. In the world of cocoons arc produced in more than 35 countries and is prepared annually on average 640 000 tonnes of cocoons. Among the countries that produce cocoons, arc the leading people's Republic of China, Uzbekistan, Japan and Korea and these countries produced 92% of the cocoons. Reception cocoon raw materials on the basis of quality indicators and the application of the most efficient technologies of their processing, in the processes of deepening globalization and increasing competitiveness of products on the market cocoon of raw materials remains one of the most important tasks.
In the years of independence in Uzbekistan special attention was paid to the effective development of sericulture, and the development of high quality competitive on the world market of raw materials and silk products. In this aspect, the improved food base, improving the productivity and quality of fibre, the cultivation of resistant pests and diseases of silkworms and development on the basis of modem requirements of production and processing of cocoons achieved tangible results.
Increase productivity and improve the quality of the cocoons by reducing the share of defective cocoons is essential to increase the efficiency of the economy. In this aspect, targeted research, including implementation of the following areas arc considered to be one of the important tasks: biological properties of cocoons, physical and mechanical properties taking into account quality indicators, development of modem methods of determining the qualitative parameters; automation and control of technological processes through the creation of a highspeed device; receiving the cocoons on quality indicators and the organization of this process; organization of control on every stage of cultivation of cocoons and a detailed study of the impact on the quality factors, the development of new technologies; saving of raw materials and high-performance of achievements of science and technology, development of machines and devices the creation of new generation energy-saving controls and automation. The above analysis of scientific studies and trends indicate the relevance of the topic of this thesis.
This dissertation research was to a certain extent is the implementation of the tasks stipulated in the decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan PP-512 «About measures for further reforming of silk industry of Uzbekistan» dated 15 November 2006, PP-1512 «On additional measures to stimulate the development of textile industry» on 28 March 2011, and other regulatory instruments adopted in this field.
The object of the study arc the processes of sericulture, new devices for these processes and live cocoons.
Scientific novelty of research consists in the following:
developed and justified statistical methods to determine quality parameters (volumetric stiffness, silkiness of the cocoons, maturity of pods, density and shell thickness) of cocoons on the basis of the rigidity of their shell;
developed a device for determining the volume of solids of complex shape, which is used to determine the amount of cocoons that arc required for the calculation of the correction factor in the calculation of silkiness samples of live cocoons in rented party;
developed a method and apparatus for determining the percentage of immature and cocoons with a large specific volume (capercaillie). Given this information, calculation of silkincss of the cocoons;
there arc three types of method and apparatus for the more accurate determination of actual mass of silk cocoons, as well as the maturity, thickness and density of the shell cocoons hardness of the shell of the delivered consignment of cocoons;
upgraded device for measuring specific volume of cocoons PTI-1M with fixing a constant sample mass of live cocoons (3kg) and automatic removal of the layer height cocoons measuring cylinder, designed to determine silkiness of the cocoons without cut. Developed a rapid method for the determination of silkincss of the cocoons.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of conducted research we can draw the following conclusions:
1. To determine the qualitative parameters of silk cocoons proposed the use of non-destructive statistical methods on the basis of the rigidity of their shell. As a result, receive signals, analyzing and processing using mathematical methods and computer software, it is possible to define such quality parameters as the volumetric stiffness of the sample cocoons, the cocoons silkincss of the cocoons, maturity of pods, thickness and density of the shell cocoons.
2. To determine the correction factor required in calculating silkiness samples of live cocoons in rented party developed a device for determining the volume of solids of complex shape, which allows to determine the average volume of cocoons. The relative error of the developed device is equal to 0,17%.
3. To improve the measurement accuracy of the developed method and device for determining the percentage of immature cocoons and cocoons with a large specific volume, given this information, calculation of silkiness live cocoons. The relative error of the developed device does not exceed 1%.
4. The developed device for determining silkiness, ripeness and thickness of the shell silk cocoons without cut, allow high precision to determine the actual quantity of silk mass of cocoons, ripeness and thickness of the shell cocoons of the delivered consignment due to their rigidity of the shell.
5. To reduce the percentage of immature cocoons, bringing severe economic damage to sericulture, it is proposed modernized version of the instrument PTI-1M with an automatic removal of the layer height of the cocoons of the measuring cylinder. The standard error of live cocoons, defined in relation to without cut device FTI-1M is 0,456 %.
6. Proposed and experimentally proven mathematical model to calculate the correction factor for the volume of live cocoons, which it is proposed to use in determining silkiness in party live cocoons.
7. Developed a rapid method for the determination of silkiness live cocoons without their without cut, providing increase of accuracy and efficiency when determining live cocoons of any breed. The standard error of silkiness specific Express method (PTI-1M) relative to without cut less than 2 times the standard error of a particular silkincss cocoons method, PTI-1 относительно of without cut.
8. The optimal weight of 3kg live cocoons with the use of the device PTI-1M, is designed to determine silkincss live cocoons without cut. It also takes into account the presence of cocoons-grouse and muscardini of the cocoons, as an amendment in the calculation of silkiness of live cocoons in the computer version.
9. A method was developed to determine silkiness live cocoons hardness of their shell device PTI-1M, and implements software. The increase of accuracy of definition of live cocoons is achieved by taking into account the thickness of their shells. The standard error of silkiness determined by the proposed method relative to without cut is 0.4%.
10. Proposed and implemented the definition of the volumetric stiffness of the sample live cocoons with the help of the device PTI-1, which evaluated the technical and economic value of the game, both living and dry cocoons. It is shown that the value of the volumetric stiffness defined by the proposed technology, agreed with the experiments performed with single cocoons and calculating the average volumetric hardness.
11. Experimentally investigated the influence of different vibration modes on the degree of tapped and quality of cocoons. Determined the most optimal amplitude, frequency and time of vibration, ensuring a relatively uniform density of packing of cocoons in a cylindrical tank.
12. The influence of the moisture content of the cocoons on the accuracy of determining silkincss when conducting without cut, when determining the correction factor K, as well as with industrial acceptance of the cocoons.
13. The experimentally determined degree of influence of percentage content of cocoons-grouse on the readings of PTI-1M in the direction of overstatement. The Express-method of determination of the percentage of cocoons with a large specific volume and is given the formula for amendment in determining the real silkincss live cocoons at the time of their collection points cocoon of raw materials.
14. Justified and recommended to use sorting of cocoons in terms of specific volume (SCWA) grantovogo to separate the cocoons from the Persian aparsc. He is replacing manual labor increases the rate of separation 4 times on coronaricnnc points in the season harvesting of live cocoons and increases the accuracy of determining silkincss live cocoons without their without cut device of PTI-1, by pre-culling of cocoons-grouse with large specific volume of the sample.
15. Based on the comparison of the results of silkiness live cocoons of a certain method without cut, apparatus PTI-IM, and the proposed new Express technique it is shown that the values of silkiness live cocoons defined in the last two cases close to the value of silkiness on without cut and absolute root mean square error of a certain silkiness live cocoons less than one .

The relevance and demanding of the dissertation the theme. Today in the world the significance of pumping stations in the energy sector, land reclamation, pumping of petroleum products, as well as housing and communal services is continuously increasing. In these industries to ensure reliability, continuity, high energy efficiency and flexibility of pumping stations work, as well as performance under transient conditions is actual. In order to achieve all of the above mentioned parameters the certain progress has been made in other countries of the world where modem pumping equipment is constantly updated and improved. "In this regard, the use of a popular high-tech specialized basic and auxiliary power equipment of pumping stations, prolonging the life of the pipeline system by 1.5-2 times is necessary"1.
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the large-scale activities on the effective organization of measures for the creation of energy-saving techniques and the control system of pumping stations operating modes arc carried out. In this regard, the notable progress has been made in developing effective methods, techniques and devices to reduce the influence of electromechanical and hydro-mcchanical transients on power equipment and pipelines of pumping stations. On the basis of controlled electric drive, the block diagrams and pumping units’ control algorithms are developed, frequency variable systems "asynchronous motor - pump" are designed, a combined management structure of asynchronous motor in turbo-machines are developed.
In the world, the questions of reliability and uninterrupted operation of pumping stations during transient conditions, the creation of new techniques and technologies of protection of the power equipment and pipelines of pumping stations against sudden transients are becoming particularly important. In this area, the implementation of targeted research in developing the control methods of the steady and transient modes of pumping stations operation, creation of the main power equipment and pipelines protection devices against water hammer, creating technical solutions and improving the reliability of the auxiliary power equipment for the removal of drainage and wastewater are the priority problems.
This dissertation research to a certain degree performs the tasks provided in the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the Rational Use of Energy" (1997), the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № PD-2343 on May 5, 2015 " On the program to reduce energy consumption measures, the introduction of energy saving technologies in the fields of economy and social sphere for 2015-2019", decree of the Cabinet of Ministers № 499 dated November 16, 1999 "On Measures for the Implementation of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the safety of hydraulic structures" as well as in other regulatory documents adopted 
The aim of the research is the creation of algorithms, methods, techniques and devices to reduce the negative influence of unsteady modes and sudden transients on the main and auxiliary power equipment and pipelines of pumping and hydroelectric stations.
Scientific novelty of the research consists in the following:
the algorithm of phased solving of electromechanical and hydro-mechanical transients at pumping stations, taking into account the duration of power equipment operation is developed;
the generalized mathematical model and software complex for calculation of "pipeline - pump - electric motor - electric grid" system elements, which allows to explore the power system transient processes during pumping stations transient modes are developed;
the new method of protecting of pumping stations pipelines against water hammer using the bypass device is substantiated;
the device of proportional control of the pump butterfly valve to improve the reliability of the pumping stations power equipment work is designed;
the method of simultaneous pumping of drainage and sewage water with different suction height by means of jet pump with the system of regulation is developed;
the regulated system of simultaneous removal of filtration, drainage and sewage water from buildings and adjacent territories of pumping and hydroelectric stations by means of jet pump to protect against flooding is developed.
CONCLUSION
On the basis of research on the doctoral dissertation on the theme: "Algorithms and methods of regulation of the pumping stations operating modes” the following conclusions arc presented:
1. Conducted systematic analysis of operation modes of pump stations showed that one of the main causes of accidents at the pumping stations is simultaneous electromechanical and hydro-mechanical transients, complicated by water hammer. In connection with this phenomenon the problem of development of methods and devices of the protection of the pumping stations main power equipment and pipelines against water hammer is becoming important.
2. A model of the system "pipeline - pump - electric motor - electric network", which allows investigating the power system transient modes at various emergency and operating conditions is developed: at changing the voltage on the buses, emergency shutdown of the synchronous motors, accidents associated with the pumps or pipelines, and so on. When an intermittent decrease in power of synchronous motor by 15% (0.85Pmot) unit stability is preserved, and the electromagnetic processes decay quickly and hydro-mechanical processes continue about 140s. By reducing power by 30% (0.7Pmot) unit enters the long-tern fluctuations. Power reduction by 50% leads to the violation of the motor stability and to the break of its synchronism.
3. Software system capable to calculate water hammer on pumping stations with piping diameters up to 4.2 meters is recommended, ft may greatly influence the selection of the main and auxiliary power equipment, the design and parameters of water conveyance structures. Certificates of official registration of programs for electronic computers number DGU 03124 and number DGU 03644 are taken out.
4. The use of bypass device at the pressure pipelines for reduction the amount of pressure increase at water hammer is recommended. When using the bypass device water hammer in pressure pipelines is considerably softer. When the pressure in one of the pipelines increases water escapes into the adjacent pipelines or when pressure decrease it causes water flow from adjacent pipelines. This reduces water hammer by an average of 40%, the pressure reduction duration reduces by more than 1.5 times.
5. The proportional device of butterfly valve control for the protection of the pumping stations against water hammer is recommended. The utility model Patent number FAP 01119 is taken out. Change of butterfly valve closing speed is occurring smoothly and proportionally to flow velocity in the pipeline. Technical characteristics of the programmable logic controller is programmed in such a way that when the liquid direct velocity changes in the pressure pipe to the reverse, i.e. at the moment of zero liquid velocity, fixed by a digital velocity sensor, butterfly valve is fully closed which eliminates the possibility of water hammer in the main equipment and pipelines during emergency electricity shut down at the pumping or hydroelectric station.
6. The method of simultaneous pumping of filtration, drainage and sewage water from buildings and adjacent territories of pumping and hydroelectric stations is recommended. It meets the requirements of reliability and safety of operation at the increase of water flow associated with duration of stations and pressure pipelines exploitation.
7. The result of calculating of parameters of the suction flows from the building and the adjacent territory of the pumping station became the algorithm of regulation of hydraulic float system. Analysis of the dependences showed that the maximum suction flow rate out of the pumping station territory is attained in the area of overlap of butterfly valve regulating float device at an angle of about 40°-45°.
8. The system of the simultaneous removal of the filtration, drainage and sewage water from buildings and adjacent territories of pumping and hydroelectric stations is designed and recommended. The utility model Patent number FAP 00592 is taken out. The device is designed to work in steady-state conditions and during emergency flooding.
9. The results of the dissertation arc implemented into practice at a number of pumping and hydroelectric stations. Performed complex experimental studies confirmed the adequacy of the developed methods and mathematical models. Maximum discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental values does not exceed 6%, which indicates the accuracy of the studies. Proven cost-effectiveness of the implementation of the results of the research is about 200 mln. sums per year.