No. 05 (2025) Volume 05 Issue 05

The rise of English as a global lingua franca has significantly influenced international diplomatic communication, reshaping the way countries interact, negotiate, and resolve conflicts. This article explores the impact of global English on diplomacy, examining its advantages and challenges. English facilitates the standardization of communication, accelerates negotiations, and increases the accessibility of information, thus enhancing the efficiency of diplomatic processes. However, it also presents challenges such as language inequality, cultural misinterpretations, and the marginalization of linguistic diversity. By analyzing key examples such as the Iranian Nuclear Deal and the Brexit negotiations, this article demonstrates how English has been instrumental in fostering diplomatic successes. Ultimately, while global English continues to play a central role in shaping international diplomacy, its implications on fairness, inclusivity, and cultural diversity remain critical areas for consideration.

Verbs hold significant importance in all languages of the world, playing a central role in linguistic structure. Among world languages, Arabic stands out for its unique grammatical rules and is considered one of the richest languages in terms of vocabulary. In this article, we examine the classification of verbs according to tense in Arabic, the rules governing their usage, and the distinctive features that differentiate them from one another.

The use of information technologies is one of the pressing issues in modern education.

This article presents a comparative analysis of expressions related to plant components encountered in the Uzbek language, along with their translations. The study discusses issues such as the unity of form and meaning, imagery, literary details, similes, and the re-expression of rhyme and refrain. The advantages and challenges of translating from closely related languages are illustrated with examples. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of direct translation from Uzbek into English. Additionally, idioms specifically related to flora components are examined in depth from semantic and pragmatic perspectives.

The study of language as a cognitive and cultural phenomenon often intersects with scientific systems, such as units of measurement, that help humans understand and organize the physical world. This article investigates the multifaceted relationship between units of measurement and linguistics, analyzing how language encodes, reflects, and shapes human experiences with quantification. By examining the semantic, morphological, historical, and cross-cultural aspects of measurement terms, this paper argues that measurement units serve as both linguistic and cognitive tools. Drawing on comparative analyses, historical linguistics, and cognitive semantics, the study demonstrates that measurement systems not only mirror scientific understanding but also embody deeply rooted cultural and linguistic structures.

This article provides information about the work of Uzbek writer Aydin Sobirova. Adiba's stories analyze the image of women and their role in society. The influence of the social environment on women's dreams, aspirations, and dreams has been studied.

This article analyzes the linguo-statistical and semantic-structural features of animal names belonging to the order Rodentia in the English language. The research is based on a sample of 51 names. The article statistically examines the structural composition of animal names by the number of words and the frequency of one-word, two-word, and three-word names. Furthermore, it highlights the main principles used in naming rodents, particularly methods such as adding a modifier to a base species name and referring to the animal's specific characteristics or habitat. The most frequent base words and their role in name formation are identified. The research findings reveal the regularities of zoological lexis formation and naming strategies in the English language.

The article also touches upon the controversial issue of using the term dialectism in relation to words included in the lexical fund of classical sources. Ismailkhan Fakiri is one of the greatest representatives of Uzbek literature, in whose works the wealth of oral folklore is presented through artistic language. In the linguistic analysis of Fakiri's works, his unique lexical capabilities and linguistic features characteristic of the Kashkadarya region are of particular importance. The article examines the vocabulary of Ismailkhan Fakiri's works, as well as the relationship and analysis of the historical dialects of Kashkadarya.

Using the concept of the author’s point of view in literature lessons as a tool for analyzing a literary text serves to develop a holistic understanding of the author’s role in the work, the uniqueness and complexity of the author’s worldview in students. This article discusses the factors influencing the understanding of the author’s point of view, and approaches to guiding students to understand the text by engaging them in the author’s personality.

Proverbs demonstrate the harmony between emotional and intellectual cognition, the generalization of judgments and conclusions, and the expression of axiological processes in natural and social reality. They figuratively convey the lifestyle, inner world, and viewpoints of the people, reflecting both national and universal values. Axiolinguistic analysis of proverbs enables the study of values as an integral part of language, the identification of axiological units, and the elucidation of the communicative and pragmatic features of language. The expression of axiological lexicon in proverbs, sayings, and wise words, which are examples of oral folk art, reveals the people’s attitude towards certain concepts.

The article discusses terms formed through the word-formation type of word addition. The description of mainly complex terms and their composition further demonstrates their expression. The types, composition and semantic meaning of complex terms are of great importance. Their specific features show that they differ from word combinations. Therefore, by showing the specific features of complex terms, we will be able to further explain the topic of the article. In the article, complex terms are substantiated by examples and proven by scientific ideas.

This article explores how digital tools enhance the development of independent study among learners in modern educational settings. It examines the integration of technologies such as learning management systems, mobile applications, AI-based platforms, and digital libraries in promoting learner autonomy. The study emphasizes the role of digital tools in fostering self-regulation, personalized learning, and access to global educational resources. Drawing on recent literature and empirical findings, the article discusses both opportunities and challenges associated with digital learning environments. The findings suggest that when effectively integrated, digital tools significantly support independent learning and academic success in diverse educational contexts.

This article explores the sociolinguistic significance of imprecations (curses) as a discursive practice embedded in cultural norms, gender dynamics, and power structures. Through an integrated comparison of the theoretical insights of William Labov, Erving Goffman, Deborah Tannen, Janet Holmes, Michel Foucault, Pierre Bourdieu, and Judith Butler, the study evaluates how curses function as expressions of identity, resistance, and social control in Uzbek, Russian, and English-speaking societies. Using a comparative sociolinguistic methodology, it demonstrates how curses operate across social strata, genders, and communicative contexts. The findings underscore the performative, symbolic, and stratifying functions of imprecations, while revealing their discursive potential to resist and reproduce social hierarchies.

This article explores the effectiveness of interactive technologies in enhancing English language lessons. It examines various digital tools such as interactive whiteboards, language learning applications, virtual classrooms, multimedia resources, and collaborative platforms. The study highlights how these technologies improve learner engagement, facilitate active participation, and support the development of essential language skills. Furthermore, the article provides practical recommendations for educators, including comprehensive teacher training, blended learning approaches, infrastructure investment, student digital literacy development, and feedback mechanisms. By integrating these strategies, English lessons can become more dynamic, personalized, and effective in meeting diverse learner needs.

Vocabulary is important for the correct and clear expression of thoughts, ideas and feelings. Understanding and using homonyms correctly also helps in increasing linguistic knowledge and developing critical thinking. The article discusses the importance of using homonyms in increasing students' vocabulary. It also presents methods and tasks used in developing vocabulary based on scientific research, experiments conducted on this issue, and their conclusions. The research highlights the effectiveness of using homonyms in developing students' vocabulary and speech.

The article examines the functions of "writing" as a way of contrasting the characters in W. Thackeray's novel "Vanity Fair". It is noted that the "letters" in the novel play an important role on a compositional and motivational level. Special attention is paid to the representation of the concept of "wealth" in the "letters" given in the novel. This analysis is informed by the current trends and approaches in reading narratives from the Victorian era, with a focus on the relations between Thackeray’s letters and imperialism, emotional distance, and performativity.

Speech always affects other discourses and undergoes interaction and change during communication. The main content of speech is its social and cultural interactions. According to his theory, each discourse interacts with other discourses and undergoes changes during communication. The main content of speech is manifested in its social and cultural interactions. Communication is a complex activity of linguistic (discourse) thinking. As a result of this activity, discourse structures are formed, and the “traces” of the activity of linguistic thinking are preserved in the structure of these structures.

This article explores the nominalizing suffixes derived from verbs in the Altaic languages, specifically focusing on Turkic, Mongolic, Tungusic-Manchu, and Korean languages. It examines the verb-to-noun derivational affixes in the Turkic languages as the base language and compares them with their counterparts in other Altaic languages. The study analyzes their meanings and origins and reconstructs their forms from the Proto-Altaic period.

The article explores the modernization of information and library services in Uzbekistan, focusing on how libraries are evolving to meet the needs of readers in the digital age. It highlights major government initiatives and legal reforms aimed at improving access to information, preserving cultural heritage, and automating library processes. Special attention is given to the implementation of the Unified Electronic Catalog (Y.E.K.) system, which enhances information sharing between libraries, simplifies book searches, and supports electronic services for users. The article emphasizes the role of digital technologies in creating a more efficient, user-friendly, and culturally significant library system.

This article explores the essential balance between facts and emotions in publicism, a genre that combines informative content with persuasive expression. It discusses the distinct yet complementary roles that factual accuracy and emotional appeal play in engaging readers and enhancing credibility. The article further examines the challenges of maintaining this harmony and outlines key techniques used by publicists to integrate objective data with human experiences effectively. Through this balanced approach, publicism not only informs but also motivates and influences public opinion, fostering deeper understanding and social engagement. Ultimately, the harmony of facts and emotions is shown to be fundamental for the success and ethical integrity of publicist communication.

This article discusses the meanings in which some words undergoing semantic development are used in speech processes. The speaker's ability to use the lexical-semantic capabilities of words that can express different shades of meaning in accordance with the speech situation, as well as the characteristics of the change of the corresponding linguistic unit in this process, are discussed. It is emphasized that the metaphorical naming of new concepts, renaming concepts through a portable meaning, etc. are the main factors in the emergence of semantic development. It is shown through relevant examples that even units used in a vulgar sense, first of all, become vulgar units through widespread popularity in speech processes. It is emphasized that when filling out explanatory dictionaries describing the lexical composition of the literary language, it is necessary to take a serious approach to the semantic properties of words.

This article examines the structural-semantic types of “life” (hayot) and “death” (o‘lim) within English and Uzbek, focusing on how cultural, religious, and social factors influence the relevant lexical items and expressions. It explores various subfields—ranging from basic synonyms to euphemisms and metaphors—to illustrate how speakers of both languages articulate life and death in nuanced ways. The discussion also reveals how Islamic and Christian beliefs, as well as evolving social practices, contribute to the creation of idioms and figurative expressions. By highlighting the overlaps and divergences in these semantic fields, the article underscores the rich interplay between language, worldview, and cultural identity.

This article reports on the gothic novel and its characteristics, which move and heighten human emotions through the description of scary, fantastic, ghostly events. Aim of the planned article: The aim is to counteract the lack of clarity in the descriptions of the genre as well as in the literary terminology of the gothic novel in order to develop a more strictly differentiated concept of the genre. It is also about understanding the origins and cultural-historical significance of the horror novel as a popular border phenomenon between the Enlightenment and modernity.

This аrtiсlе еxрlоrеs thе struсturаl аnd sеmаntiс intriсасiеs оf соmроund sеntеnсеs in nаturаl lаnguаgе, fосusing оn thе lоgiсаl соnnесtiоns аnd thе rеlаtiоnshiрs bеtwееn individuаl рrороsitiоns. Соmроund sеntеnсеs соnsist оf multiрlе сlаusеs, еасh rерrеsеnting а рrороsitiоn, whiсh аrе intеrсоnnесtеd thrоugh vаriоus lоgiсаl аnd sеmаntiс rеlаtiоns suсh аs сооrdinаtiоn, саusаtiоn, соnditiоn, аnd соntrаst. Undеrstаnding thеsе rеlаtiоnshiрs is сruсiаl fоr аnаlyzing sеntеnсе mеаning, disсоursе соhеsiоn, аnd thе sреаkеr's intеnt. Drаwing uроn thе wоrk оf lеаding linguists inсluding M.А.K. Hаllidаy, Gеоffrеy Lеесh, аnd Еvе Swееtsеr, this study highlights hоw lоgiсаl соnnесtоrs соntributе tо mеаning-mаking in соmрlеx syntасtiс struсturеs. Thе аrtiсlе аlsо еmрhаsizеs thе rеlеvаnсе оf thеsе соnсерts in fiеlds suсh аs disсоursе аnаlysis, lаnguаgе tеасhing, аnd соmрutаtiоnаl linguistiсs.

This article explores the interpretation of poetic imagery in the works of Sa’dulla Hakim, focusing on how associative and symbolic elements enrich the emotional and philosophical depth of his poetry. The study analyzes the poet's use of metaphors, metonymy, and cultural allusions to convey complex inner experiences and national values. By examining selected poems, the article reveals how Sa’dulla Hakim constructs a multi-layered system of imagery that reflects both personal and collective memory, and engages the reader in an active process of meaning-making. The research also highlights the dynamic interaction between traditional poetic forms and modern stylistic innovations in his work.