American Journal Of Philological Sciences
264
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ajps
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
PAGE NO.
264-265
10.37547/ajps/Volume05Issue05-71
Compound Terms in The Higher Education System in
The Karakalpak Language
Kalbayeva Zulkumar Polatbayevna
Karakalpak Research Institute of Humanitarian Karakalpak Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Nukus
Received:
26 March 2025;
Accepted:
22 April 2025;
Published:
24 May 2025
Abstract:
The article discusses terms formed through the word-formation type of word addition. The description
of mainly complex terms and their composition further demonstrates their expression. The types, composition
and semantic meaning of complex terms are of great importance. Their specific features show that they differ
from word combinations. Therefore, by showing the specific features of complex terms, we will be able to further
explain the topic of the article. In the article, complex terms are substantiated by examples and proven by
scientific ideas.
Keywords:
Term, words, compound term, word combination, methodology.
Introduction:
In the field of linguistics, words formed
by combining other words are called compound words.
When we study the formation of terms, compound
terms emerge as a result of combining multiple terms
or root words. We focused on the method of word
formation used in term creation in the section
dedicated to this. Moreover, we separated the
compound terms used in the higher education system
in our language, as well as their structure and
application. Of course, science values clarity, so we
tried to explain each term clearly using examples.
The following list includes compound terms formed
through the combination of two or more words,
generally as a result of logical or functional necessity.
These include: lesson plan, pedagogical skill, annual
plan, intellectual ability, practical lesson, practical
training, traditional lesson, mixed education, teaching
methods, educational process, base education plan,
fish skeleton, border control work, cross-border
control, control work, monitoring work, student guide,
lesson structure, div of the lesson, course work,
drawing skill work, scientific work, scientific research,
science method, school plan, school curriculum, job
plan, job duties, job responsibility, professional
training, professional education, credit system, etc.
Compound terms are often used in dictionaries in a
fixed form. Usually, it is not possible to change the
structure of these terms, although sometimes they can
be used flexibly. However, changing the components of
compound words or altering them is not allowed. Also,
compound terms can consist of multiple words but still
represent a single, unified meaning. For example, in
phrases like "active student", "experienced teacher" or
"active student participation" each word plays an
integral part of the compound term and cannot be
separated or replaced without losing meaning. These
terms, even if made up of several words, express a
single idea. Such fixed compound terms are widely
accepted and used in linguistics.
Usually, in compound term structures, the connections
between the elements are formed through dependent
syntactic relationships. Therefore, in linguistics, one of
the defining characteristics of compound terms is the
syntactic relationship between their components. In
fact, within compound terms, the syntactic connection
between parts often determines the definiteness of
meaning.
These relationships are usually explained through
coordination, juxtaposition, or attributive (modifier-
head) structures. For instance, compound terms
formed by juxtaposing independent words (free word
combinations) often take the form of connected
American Journal Of Philological Sciences
265
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American Journal Of Philological Sciences (ISSN
–
2771-2273)
structures. Examples include: lesson plan, study
regulation, cross-border regulation, student guide,
educational structure, and others - these represent
connected, functioning compound terms.
Moreover, in such compound terms, the meaning is
usually not derived from individual components but
from their combination. Some examples include: lesson
replacement, collaborative work, experience exchange,
pedagogical influence, distance education, remote
learning, and upbringing.
In some cases, compound terms are formed through a
management method, and they appear in the system
of higher education terms. Examples: transition from
class to work, working together, gaining experience,
pedagogical impact, online learning, distance
education, upbringing.
Words
like
“education”,
“knowledge”,
“enlightenment” can also form part of compound
terms. Although such compound terms are often
formed by syntactic connections, they may include
hidden or implicit relationships. That is, they appear in
fused forms that are not immediately visible on the
surface.
It is also worth noting that verbs are rarely found in the
structure of such compound terms. Usually, compound
terms consist of nouns, though verbs can sometimes be
part of the term as in: give knowledge, teach education,
etc.
The majority of compound terms are formed by
combining
dependent
structures
through
juxtaposition. When two words are joined without any
conjunction or auxiliary word and retain a dependent
relationship, the result is often a compound term. For
example: pedagogical skill, pedagogical methodology,
pedagogical competence, scientific research, academic
work, academic speech, and so on.
Such terms show a strong dependent relationship and
are often formed with genitive constructions. For
example: curriculum, lesson plan, faculty mirror,
department head, philology doctor, higher education
institution, science doctor, standard teaching, lecture
session, course work, term paper, language
department, teaching methods, student discipline,
course objective, monitoring task, control task, drawing
work, team leader, etc.
These compound terms are usually structured through
a genitive-syntactic connection, where one word
defines the other. Sometimes the genitive relationship
is implicit or hidden, but the grammatical structure can
still be analyzed. Recently, new terms have entered the
Karakalpak language, especially in the fields of
pedagogy and education. These are often joined by a
hyphen and express a unified concept. Examples
include: teacher
–
student system, education
–
training,
ethics
–
morality, credit
–
module system, and so on.
Terms like “education–training”, “research–practice”,
“teacher–student”, “student–youth” and others show
how compound terms combine multiple meanings and
structures. Such hybrid terms reflect the modern
educational and scientific terminology being adopted
into the language.
In these examples, the existence of words that are
semantically related to each other does not constitute
words or synonyms. The terms used together in fields
of knowledge. If the separators of words are consonant
words, then the separators are the terms that come
after. The use of their terms has contributed to the
development of a certain concept. Example: Elektronlı
bilimlendiriw ásiri oqıw orınlarınıń, professor
-
oqıtıwshılardıń hám studentlerdiń aldına qoyılatuǵın
wazıypalarına qatar jańalıqlar kirgizdi (A.K.Pazılov,
Q.S.Seytmuratov, Z.K.Kurbaniyazova. Úzliksiz tálim
pedagogikası / Sabaqlıq / –
Тashkent: «Yosh avlod
matbaa», 2023.
–
4-
b). Pedagogikalıq ilimler sisteması
óziniń maqseti, tarawı hám ilim
-
izertlew metodları
arqalı birlesken ayırım pedagogikalıq ilimler jıyındısınan
quraladı.
(A.K.Pazılov,
Q.S.Seytmuratov,
Z.K.Kurbaniyazova. Úzliksiz tálim pedagogikası /
Sabaqlıq / –
Тashkent: «Yosh avlod matbaa», 2023. –
33-b).
REFERENCES
A.K.Pazılov,
Q.S.Seytmuratov,
Z.K.Kurbaniyazov
a.
Úzliksiz tálim pedagogikası / Sabaqlıq / –
Тashkent:
«Yosh avlod matbaa», 2023.
E.Berdimuratov. Qaraqalpaq tili terminleri. Nókis,
“Bilim” –
1999.
Нажимов П.А. Қарақалпақ тилиниң сөз жасалыӳ
системасы. –
Нөкис: «Илим», 2019.
