No. 05 (2025) Volume 05 Issue 05

This article provides insights into the specifics of metaphors, classification, functions of thoughts in perception, specifics in the arrival of metaphors in the composition of poems, and their significance. The article highlights the manifestation of metaphors in the poetry of the national poet of Uzbekistan Usman Azim, the conclusions about the ways in which the Figurative meaning exist in analysis of several poems of the poet. References to cognitive and semantic analysis of metaphors that come in poetic verses are covered.

The words used in the literary works discussed in this article differ from those used in everyday speech and in popular scientific texts. Such differences, particularly in terms of speech styles, have been thoroughly examined in the field of linguistics. The use of words in literary works has also been studied in terms of frequency of use. According to the calculations in S.Rizayev and N.Buronov’s “Frequency Dictionary of the Language of the Story of Abdulla Qahhor “Sinchalak”, a total of 37,482 words are used in this work, representing 10,590 vocabulary units. Understanding the content of literary texts in Uzbek language classes largely depends on the extent to which students have mastered lexical and grammatical materials. L.A.Sheiman states that “vocabulary formation is the main way to overcome the language “barrier” that stands in the way of students mastering samples of Russian literature in the original” In the study of samples of Uzbek literature, this path becomes even more important given that the Uzbek speech of Russian-speaking students is not up to standard.

This article analyzes the poet's poems that reflect his prolonged state of depression and melancholy. The tragic event that occurred in the poet's life found its artistic expression in the poems "Mother Dear" and "On My Mother's Death."  In these poems, the poet and the poetic image achieve harmony, as real events are transformed into artistic reality.  The truth of life is elevated to the level of poetic truth. Along with the image of the mother, the article also examines the nature of the lyrical hero.

In both Uzbek and English, phraseological units—also referred to as idioms, set expressions, or fixed phrases—are essential. Cultural values, historical history, and the cognitive quirks of language speakers are all reflected in these linguistic components. This essay offers a thorough comparison of Uzbek and English phraseological units, emphasizing their structure, meaning, and practical use. Their origins, classification, and cross-linguistic parallels and differences are also covered in the study.

This article explores the linguistic, cultural, and encyclopedic significance of Mahmud Kashgari’s seminal work Devonu Lugotit Turk ("Compendium of the Turkic Languages"). As one of the earliest and most comprehensive dictionaries of the Turkic world, the Devon not only documents over 9,000 lexical units but also offers a linguistic map of the 11th-century Turkic-speaking world. The study highlights the functional-semantic, areal, and linguocultural dimensions of the text, positioning it as an invaluable resource for the study of historical Turkic languages, dialectology, ethnography, and intercultural communication. The work has been instrumental in forming the foundation of comparative-historical Turkology and continues to serve as a key source for understanding the lexical and cultural identity of Turkic peoples. Although the Devon has been widely studied, a comprehensive monographic analysis of its linguistic features remains an open and significant field of research in modern linguistics.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative force in education, significantly altering teaching methodologies and learning experiences. With its ability to analyze vast amounts of data and adapt instruction to individual needs, AI-driven systems are revolutionizing traditional educational models by enhancing personalization, efficiency, and accessibility. The integration of AI in education encompasses a variety of technological advancements, ranging from adaptive learning platforms that personalize student engagement to intelligent tutoring systems that provide customized guidance. AI enables educators to automate routine tasks such as grading assessments, tracking student progress, and generating learning analytics, thereby optimizing time and resources for more meaningful student interactions (Luckin et al., 2018).