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INFLUENCE OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF
ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THEIR REDUCTION
Haydarov Musomiddin Muhammadiyevich
Assistant of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Samarkand State Medical University.
Haydarov Umidjon Faxriddin o‘g‘li
Student of Group 503, Faculty of Pharmacy, Samarkand State Medical University.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17618466
Annotation
. This article explores the role of psychoemotional factors in the pathogenesis
and progression of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Psychological stress, anxiety, depression, and
chronic emotional tension significantly influence coronary circulation, autonomic imbalance,
endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory activation. The article evaluates key mechanisms
linking psychoemotional states with myocardial ischemia, presents research-based findings, and
offers practical recommendations aimed at reducing psychoemotional burden to prevent IHD
progression. This work examines how psychoemotional disturbances influence the progression of
ischemic heart disease by altering neurohumoral balance, autonomic activity, and vascular
stability. The evaluation is based on evidence linking emotional tension, mental overload, and
maladaptive behavioral responses to coronary dysfunction and instability of myocardial oxygen
supply. Emphasis is placed on identifying critical mechanisms through which emotional
imbalance triggers harmful cardiovascular shifts and on highlighting outcome-based insights
derived from current scientific observations.
Keywords
: ischemic heart disease, psychoemotional stress, anxiety, depression, coronary
circulation, autonomic dysfunction, prevention, stress reduction.
Introduction
:
Ischemic heart disease remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, with
multifactorial pathogenesis involving both physiological and psychological determinants. While
traditional risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, smoking, and obesity are
widely recognized, psychoemotional factors have gained increasing attention due to their strong
and often underestimated influence. Chronic stress, persistent anxiety, depressive symptoms, and
emotional instability contribute to the development of coronary artery spasm, hemodynamic
fluctuations, hormonal imbalance, and pro-inflammatory responses. These mechanisms impair
endothelial function, increase myocardial oxygen demand, and accelerate atherosclerotic changes.
Understanding the psychoemotional contribution to IHD is essential for improving clinical
outcomes and optimizing preventive strategies. Emotional dysregulation is increasingly
recognized as a determining factor capable of modifying the clinical trajectory of ischemic
myocardial pathology. Prolonged mental strain affects sympathetic–parasympathetic coordination,
leading to excessive circulatory pressure fluctuations, impaired endothelial signaling, and
increased metabolic load on cardiac tissue. These disruptions predispose vulnerable individuals to
plaque destabilization, reduced coronary perfusion reserve, and heightened myocardial
vulnerability. As a result, the interface between mental load and ischemic processes has become a
vital subject for clinical scrutiny.
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Greater acknowledgment of these influences is essential for tailoring preventive strategies
aimed at limiting the harmful cascade initiated by persistent emotional imbalance, particularly in
individuals experiencing high psychological burden.
Research Methods and Approaches:
This study is based on an integrative review of scientific literature published in
international cardiology, psychology, and behavioral medicine journals. Sources included
observational clinical studies, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses
examining the relationship between psychoemotional states and ischemic heart disease.
Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to identify relevant
publications. Key parameters analyzed included stress-response biomarkers, emotional state
assessments, heart rate variability indices, neuroendocrine indicators, inflammatory markers, and
coronary imaging data. In addition, the study evaluated preventive interventions targeting
psychoemotional
health,
including
behavioral
therapy,
mindfulness-based
practices,
psychotherapy, lifestyle modification, and pharmacologic options.
Results
:
Findings from the analyzed studies demonstrate a strong correlation between
psychoemotional stress and increased risk of ischemic heart disease. Patients with high levels of
anxiety and depression exhibited significantly reduced heart rate variability, indicating
sympathetic overactivity and impaired autonomic balance. Chronic stress was associated with
elevated cortisol levels, increased C-reactive protein, and enhanced platelet aggregation, all
contributing to endothelial dysfunction and increased likelihood of coronary events. Several
studies revealed that individuals experiencing long-term emotional overload had up to a 2–3-fold
higher incidence of angina, myocardial infarction, and recurrent ischemic episodes. Interventions
aimed at reducing psychoemotional stress—including cognitive behavioral therapy, meditation,
improved sleep hygiene, structured physical activity, and social support—showed significant
improvement in cardiac outcomes and reduction in ischemic symptoms. Evaluation of available
scientific material shows that individuals exposed to high mental tension present with measurable
alterations in cardiovascular regulation, including reduced vagal tone, heightened catecholamine
secretion, and increased inflammatory mediator production. These biological changes correlate
with a higher frequency of coronary artery constriction episodes, acceleration of atherogenic
changes, and diminished myocardial perfusion efficiency. Furthermore, long-term psychological
overload has been associated with greater incidence of angina, recurrent ischemic discomfort, and
adverse coronary events. Scientific findings also demonstrate that structured interventions aimed
at controlling emotional reactivity significantly alleviate ischemic manifestations and improve
cardiac function metrics.
Discussion
:
The results highlight psychoemotional factors as significant but often overlooked
contributors to the development and progression of ischemic heart disease. Emotional states
influence cardiovascular health through a complex interplay of neuroendocrine, autonomic, and
inflammatory mechanisms. Sympathetic overactivation increases heart rate, blood pressure, and
myocardial oxygen demand, while chronic cortisol elevation promotes insulin resistance,
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dyslipidemia, and visceral fat accumulation. At the vascular level, stress accelerates endothelial
damage and atherosclerotic plaque instability, increasing the risk of acute coronary syndromes.
The evidence supports incorporating psychological assessment and stress management into
routine cardiovascular care. Effective psychoemotional interventions help modulate autonomic
imbalance, normalize hormonal pathways, reduce inflammatory markers, and consequently lower
overall cardiovascular risk. The compiled evidence reinforces the understanding that mental
instability operates as a significant contributor to ischemic deterioration by advancing autonomic
imbalance, intensifying neuroendocrine activation, and promoting pro-inflammatory vascular
processes. These influences extend beyond simple behavioral patterns, directly affecting
physiological pathways essential for cardiovascular integrity. Heightened sympathetic influence
increases mechanical strain on arterial walls, while sustained cortisol elevation fosters metabolic
conditions conducive to atherosclerotic advancement. Clinical benefits observed after
implementing emotional regulation practices indicate that addressing mental load is an
indispensable component of contemporary ischemic management. The insights obtained
underscore the necessity of integrating targeted psychological evaluation alongside somatic
treatment to mitigate cumulative cardiovascular risk.
Conclusion
:
Psychoemotional factors play a major role in the onset and progression of ischemic heart
disease by influencing autonomic function, endocrine balance, and inflammatory pathways.
Early identification and targeted management of emotional stress, anxiety, and depression
are essential components of comprehensive cardiovascular prevention. Integrating psychological
support, behavioral therapy, relaxation techniques, and lifestyle modification into clinical practice
can significantly improve patient outcomes, reduce ischemic episodes, and enhance overall quality
of life. Further research is recommended to deepen understanding of the psycho-cardiological
interface and optimize individualized preventive strategies. Mental tension represents a potent
modifier of ischemic progression by inducing maladaptive hemodynamic responses,
neurohormonal imbalance, and inflammatory activation. Recognition of these effects allows for
more comprehensive preventive planning, emphasizing early detection of emotional burden and
timely implementation of corrective strategies. Incorporating structured mental regulation
protocols into cardiovascular care has demonstrated meaningful improvement in cardiac outcomes,
stress resilience, and overall patient stability. Continued exploration of emotional–cardiac
interactions will further refine predictive models and strengthen preventive cardiological practice.
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