No. 2 (2023) Entrepreneurship and pedagogy

This article reveals the methodological possibilities of using innovative 3D modeling technology in the process of forming geometric representations in younger schoolchildren. The authors present the thematic planning of studying a course on 3D modeling in the framework of the system of additional education in the primary school (using the example of the 4th grade). The choice of 3D tools and software is justified. The article describes the results of a study to assess the effectiveness of 3D modeling technology in the process of forming geometric representations in optional classes in the 4th grade, the relationship between the use of 3D modeling capabilities and the development of spatial thinking of fourth graders is established. The obtained data are reflected in statistical characteristics and diagrams.

At present, in the world, one of the urgent problems of modern geometry is the study of the geometry of foliations and singular foliations generated by the orbits of vector fields. Regular Riemannian foliations, introduced by Reinhart in [8] and studied by many authors. Singular Riemannian foliations were int roduced in the monograph by P. Molino [4]. The application of results on the geometry of foliations in other fields of science, in particular, for solving problems in mechanics, the theory of dynamical systems, are topical scientific areas. The geometry of orbits is very important in geometry and in its applications in control theory. In this article, we study the geometry of singular Riemannian foliations generated by the orbits of Killing vector fields in three-dimensional Euclidean space. In it is shown that the orbits of the family of Killing vector fields generate a singular Riemannian foliation of a three-dimensional Euclidean space, the regular fibers of which are composed of a family of concentric spheres centered at the origin. The singular leaves of the foliation is a point i.e. origin.

The article considers the graphical method of solving the modular equation depending on three parameters. Two functions are defined by the right and left sides of the equation. Using bounded and unbounded properties of defined functions, the existence conditions and the number of solutions of modular equation solutions depending on the parameters are shown. In addition, the questions about which values of the parameters of the considered modular equation has solution, and in which quadrants the graphs of the defined functions are located, have been fully answered.

In this article, the content of teaching, methodical support, methods of increasing the activity of students' educational activities in the formation of information culture among students, and the means of using pedagogical and information technologies during training have been improved. In the process of teaching “Information technologies in education” in the formation of information culture in students, based on the coverage of the content of information related to the topic, demonstrating theoretical and practical knowledge and skills in them, processing new information, independently responding to referrals, instructions, recommendations characteristics such as attitude, practical application of acquired knowledge, creative approach to problems have been developed. Students learn to verbalize information, remember, restore it, acquire it at a high level, read technical tools, technical educational literature, information technology, design the educational process, question-and-answer, debate and discussion about information. creation of conditions for the development of self-presentation skills, preparation for independent information acquisition, and evaluation of their results have been improved.

The article examines and substantiates the effectiveness of the integration of disciplines in the educational process in the general education system, describes the reactions of students' bodies in the process of perceiving information and their impact on memory in the conditions of an integrative approach. The experience of organizing an integrated lesson in history and music on the topic “Siege of Leningrad” is described. It is substantiated that the inclusion of musical material in the topic of the lesson and its correct presentation involves all types of mental activity of students.

In the article, the purpose and tasks of independent education in higher educational institutions, the professional competence of future geography teachers, the formation of professional competence, and the organization of professional competence are used. We can also see the need for deeper thinking, knowledge and skills, and a higher level of preparation. The ability to make decisions independently, planning to solve geographical issues, their role, the importance of professional competence in the education of students and their development, and the organization of training in academic subjects are revealed.

The article deals with effective organization of classroom technology lessons based on interface methods. proved by the theoretical and practical method, which can be guaranteed to be verified by viewing the interactions in the educational process. The article focuses on the content-essence of information, objects - technical and technological processes, which should be acquired by students through production technology classes, based on in-depth teaching using interactive methods.

Maqolada “milliy-ma’naviy salohiyat” tushunchasi mohiyati, nazariy-metodologik asoslari aks ettirilgan. “Milliy ma’naviyat” va “salohiyat” tushunchalari mazmunini yoritish, ilmiy manbalarda keltirilgan fikr va ta’riflar umumlashtirgan holda “milliy-ma’naviy salohiyat” tushunchasiga mualliflik ta’rifi ishlab chiqilgan. Shuningdek, ma’naviy salohiyat mazmuniga doir ta’riflarga, mavjud konsepsiya va ma’naviy tarbiya faoliyatiga munosabat keltirib o‘tilgan.

In this article, the development of physical culture of students of higher educational institutions, the promotion of physical culture, physical education, fitness, physical maturity, physical development, health promotion, healthy lifestyle in order to become a healthy, well-rounded person in all aspects, along with showing the ways of education based on a new approach, the tasks of improving the environment in the society and raising the future generation, especially young people, to be healthy both mentally and physically were also mentioned. Taking into account the fact that human maturity takes place in the harmony of spiritual and physical essence, the results of this research serve to a certain extent to solve the tasks of developing the mental potential of society members as well as their physical culture.

The article substantiates the relevance of the development of creativity in the context of modern cultural and technological challenges of modern society. Various approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “creativity” are presented. The relationship between the definitions of “creativity” and “creativity” is determined. Their main functions are revealed. An analysis of foreign and domestic research has been carried out, revealing the multidimensionality of the phenomenon of creativity. The role of an interdisciplinary approach to the development of creativity of students of higher educational institutions is considered. A comparative analysis of the concepts of “creativity” and “creativity” was carried out. The expediency of using an interdisciplinary approach to the development of creativity of students of higher educational institutions in the educational space of the disciplines “psychology” and “pedagogy” is outlined.

Transformational processes in the system of higher education, as well as innovative approaches to education, impose modern requirements on the management methodology in higher educational institutions, which, in turn, determines the need for the development of managerial competence of management personnel, improvement based on the requirements of strategic management. The article deals with the issues of managerial competence, the content and stages of the transformation of competence, as well as the scientific and theoretical basis and social significance of the development of soft professional skills.

In order to establish the essential conditions for the implementation of young people's abilities as a professional, mature expert, interpersonal contact is crucial in the process of developing young people in the educational process. This inevitably calls for a communicative strategy designed to structure language learning in a useful way. Our primary research objective was to investigate and evaluate the role that reading literary works in English plays in helping college students enhance their sociocultural competency. The following topics make up the tasks of our research: 1) theoretical examination of the significance of English fiction in the development of students' sociocultural competency; 2) justification of the function and significance of socio-cultural discourse analysis; 3) analysis of the effectiveness of using English fiction in the development of socio-cultural competence; 4) The parables were outlined to improve the approach for the socio-cultural competence of students to be developed by reading English fiction. 

This article focuses on the importance of the attention  paid by the educational staff of the preschool educational organization and parents to the child in determining the talent of preschool children. Due to the fact that the pedagogues working in the preschool educational organization are lazy in identifying the child's hidden talent, the talent of some children remains hidden. For this reason, in this article, several views about the personal activity of a gifted child, as well as the information of his individual talent and the psychological mechanisms used in the process of self-development of the child's personality are put forward. This article is based on the opinions of pedagogic scientists who have worked on the issue of determining a child's talent. The methods used by scientists conducting research in this regard are of great importance in revealing the child's hidden abilities.

The article scientifically analyzes the ways and forms of overcoming negative phenomena in the understanding of national identity. One of the most urgent tasks is to find out the reasons and mechanisms for preventing the alienation of young people from national identity in the information society in order to strengthen the intellectual potential of the youth of new Uzbekistan. Based on the works of Uzbek and foreign scientists, the article substantiates alienation from national identity and measures to prevent it.

The article highlights the conditions for the formation of a creative learning environment in primary education. The features of the formation of creative thinking in the process of teaching younger schoolchildren when familiarizing themselves with the environment are considered. The use of group interaction in performing creative tasks helps to increase the level of creative thinking of students. Also, the creative behavior of the teacher contributes to the development of creative ideas in the natural science education of younger schoolchildren. The factors influencing the connections with the creative activity of students have been studied.

This article focuses on the psychological characteristics of preschool children, the issues of quality preparation of children for school education by educators and psychologists, ways of preparing children for school education in the family, developmental characteristics of preschool children. Pedagog and psychologist the views of scientists about children's developmental characteristics are also covered. Recommendations are made regarding cooperation with parents and work to be done in preparing preschool children for school education. The role of mental and physical qualities in the development of preschool children and information on proper upbringing of children are mentioned in the article.

The results of determining the strength of granules, hygroscopic point, sorption kinetics of water vapor and sorption moisture capacity of NS-fertilizers obtained by mixing melt ammonium nitrate with powdered natural gypsum (PG) and (NH4)2SO4.

The article is devoted to the current issue of the level of philosophical culture and erudition of the youth of our republic at the milestone - the beginning of the III Renaissance in the development of our state. The author argues that the integration of our state into the world community, the qualitative transformation of all social relations, dictate the need to raise the spirit and national pride of our youth and people, who gave the world a whole galaxy of brilliant thinkers and encyclopedic scientists, and also show the breadth of connections against this background our ancestors with neighboring peoples and cultures, taking into account the fact that the years of independence are the time of objective knowledge of our past, our culture. This is the time to reflect on the role assigned to us in the world community, in history itself.

In this article, it became known that the benefits provided by the state play an important role in the efficient use of the household lands of the population in eliminating the problem of food insecurity. In particular, the analysis of statistical data on households and farms was studied. In our country, the practice of secondary distribution of land allocated to the population was studied, and its impact on the dynamics of production was determined. Positive and negative factors affecting the use of homestead land by the population were determined. Conclusions based on the mechanisms of financial support for homesteading and the impact of increasing land productivity, attracting new irrigation technologies, and rational, economical use of water in increasing the incomes of the population have been formed.

This scientific article endeavors to delve into and draw comparisons between the linguistic and cultural elements of advertising texts in both Uzbek and English languages. This study thoroughly examines and analyzes diverse linguistic and cultural characteristics embedded within advertisements, with a particular emphasis on their influence on target audiences within distinct cultural contexts. Through meticulous examination and interpretation, this research sheds light on the intricate interplay between language, culture, and advertising strategies, ultimately offering valuable insights for enhancing cross-cultural advertising communication. By employing a systematic research approach, the study explores the multifaceted dimensions of advertising language in both Uzbek and English. It investigates how language choices, rhetorical devices, and persuasive techniques are adapted and employed differently across these two languages to effectively convey messages to their respective audiences. Additionally, the research delves into the cultural aspects manifested within these advertisements, such as values, symbols, and societal norms, which greatly impact the effectiveness and reception of the advertisements within their target cultures.

This scientific article endeavors to delve into and draw comparisons between the linguistic and cultural elements of advertising texts in both Uzbek and English languages. This study thoroughly examines and analyzes diverse linguistic and cultural characteristics embedded within advertisements, with a particular emphasis on their influence on target audiences within distinct cultural contexts. Through meticulous examination and interpretation, this research sheds light on the intricate interplay between language, culture, and advertising strategies, ultimately offering valuable insights for enhancing cross-cultural advertising communication. By employing a systematic research approach, the study explores the multifaceted dimensions of advertising language in both Uzbek and English. It investigates how language choices, rhetorical devices, and persuasive techniques are adapted and employed differently across these two languages to effectively convey messages to their respective audiences. Additionally, the research delves into the cultural aspects manifested within these advertisements, such as values, symbols, and societal norms, which greatly impact the effectiveness and reception of the advertisements within their target cultures.

In this article, today's global technical changes process technical capabilities, especially artificial intelligence algorithm modeling (proving theories, decision making), natural language processing, mastering modern technologies (neural networks, bio-algorithms), image recognition, smart robots , it was considered that directions such as machine creation and automation of service industries are becoming an integral part of the development of society. In particular, the changes and scientific achievements of the period up to the current stage of the improvement  of science were compared and the achievements, shortcomings of the opportunities of artificial intelligence in industry, production, economy, medical services and a number of other fields were analyzed.

This article examines a new field of comparative linguistics and cultural studies, its scope, objects, goals and objectives. This direction arose between linguoculturology and comparative linguistics, which compares language and culture through the prism of the native language. The basic principles of comparative studies and various approaches to analysis - contrastive and comparative - are defined. It is emphasized that comparative linguistics and cultural studies are applied aspects of linguoculturology that have good prospects for development. Development of the foundations of a new branch of knowledge - linguoculturology, which arose at the intersection of linguistics and cultural studies and explores the manifestations of the culture of the people, which are reflected and entrenched in the language. It is shown how culture forms and organizes the thinking of a linguistic personality, linguistic categories and concepts, how one of the fundamental functions of language is carried out - to be an instrument for the creation, development, storage and transmission of culture. Linguistics of the 21st century actively develops a direction in which the language is considered as the cultural code of the nation, and not just a tool of communication and knowledge. The fundamental foundations of this approach were laid by the works of W. Humboldt, A.A. Potebny and other scientists. For example, W. Humboldt argued: "The boundaries of the language of my nation mean the boundaries of my worldview."

In the 16th-18th centuries, scientific research on the development of architecture and art in the Bukhara Khanate was conducted not only in Uzbekistan, but also in Central Asia and other foreign countries. By the time of the Soviet era, the number of researchers in this field increased significantly. The main scientific researches were carried out from the 20th century, and in the years of independence, these efforts reached a new level. Almost all the researchers repeat that from the 16th century, a new direction and a unique style entered the field of architecture and art in the cities of the Bukhara Khanate. If we pay attention to most publications, the main emphasis is on the capital Bukhara, followed by Samarkand. Even the history of the cities of Termiz, Shahrisabz and Karshi isn’t  so many  studied.

This study endeavors to explore the fascinating realm of pragmalinguistic features within newspaper short message texts composed in both English and Uzbek. Pragmalinguistics, an interdisciplinary field examining the language used in computer programming and its impact on natural language, serves as the theoretical underpinning for this research. The primary objective is to conduct a meticulous analysis of the various structural patterns, lexical choices, and stylistic elements prevalent in these texts, with the aim of unraveling the profound influence of pragmalinguistic factors. By examining these linguistic facets, this study seeks to enhance our understanding of the intricate dynamics underlying newspaper short messages in English and Uzbek, shedding light on the ever-evolving nature of language use in the digital era. The findings not only contribute to the existing knowledge on the linguistic properties of these texts but also provide valuable insights into the symbiotic relationship between computer programming and natural language, particularly within the realm of newspaper discourse.