Creation of technology of new kinds knitting fabrics assortments on double knitting machines

Topicality and demand of the subject of dissertation. The major problem put by the state in front of the textile industry is achievement of a steady place of textile production in the international market and to bring the contribution to a gain of level of economically developed countries of the world. As the President of Republic Uzbekistan Islam Karimov has underlined: “Special attention should be turned on the further development of manufacture, first of all in apparel, textile and food-processing industry, on more profound processing of a cotton fiber, other agricultural production and a source of raw materials, the industry of building materials, the organization of release of the ready qualitative production using steady demand”1.
In Uzbekistan advancing rates manufacture of knitted products develops, new technologies arc applied and the assortment of knitwear extends.
In the industry, trade and sphere of services demand to manufacture of the knitted products combining high adaptability to manufacture and the low cost price with good consumer properties. Therefore the decision of the above-stated problems in technology of knitted manufacture gets special value and is necessary.
According to the Decision of the Cabinet Ministers of Republic Uzbekistan from August, 8th, 2012 №234 «About additional measures on expansion of assortment and increase in volume of manufacture non-food products in 2012-2015» for the textile industry in modern conditions of market economy there is a problem of expansion of assortment and increase in volume of manufacture qualitative, competitive in the internal and external markets non-food products.
Consumer’ requirements to quality and appearance of product are daily increasing. Therefore the attention to the question of replacement of a smooth cloth on wide assortment with pattern effect is sharply brought. Now at the knitting enterprises of Republic there is enough modem circular and flat knitting equipment. Knitting machines have wide technological possibilities for producing of new kind’s fabric assortment. For today necessity of use for full capacity of the given equipment and possibility of producing of various kinds of structures with use pattern elements is an actual problem to which decision the present dissertation is devoted.
Purpose of the research is the substantiation of technology of producing new kinds of fabric assortment at double weft machines, to create of new structures, and also expansion of technological possibilities of the equipment by development of interloopings with small rapport patterned effect.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research consists of the following:
it is offered the new method of producing piece knitting plush structure on double flat machines (IDP 2002 05204) and method of producing of plush knitting on double warp machines (IDP 2002 05205);
it is recommended the rational intcrlooping scheme by improvement intcrlooping systems of flat knitting machines and technology of producing patterned piece knitting by plush intcrlooping;
it is revealed influence of technological parameters and physical-mechanical properties of double knitted interloopings by using of pattern elements on decreasing of raw material expenditure (UZ FAP 00830);
it is theoretically proved parameters of yam feeding process on double weft flat and circular machines at various construction of yam feeder;
it is scientifically proved parameters of yam feeding in bending process and tension at enter and exit at yam moving on spire parts of the machine on the basis of Euler's law with using of Maple program;
it is developed the new method of definition of length of plush loop yam at calculation of technological parameters of knitting and it is recommended the new coefficient for definition of plush loop length;
it is worked out and projected the new way of the automated calculation of parameters of knitting structures with using of program Delphi 7.
THE CONCLUSION
In dissertational work on the basis of theoretical and experimental researches in the field of technology of producing of new kind’s fabric assortment with double weft machines, new methods and the technological workings out having essential value for increase of efficiency of processes of manufacture and quality of finished articles arc offered. As a result following results arc received:
1. It is revealed, that at the knitting enterprises of Uzbekistan basically arc developed unary and double weft intcrloopings from a class of the main, derivative and some patterned intcrloopings. But they arc not made difficult patterned and combined intcrloopings which would allow to improve quality, appearance, pattern effect and to satisfy consumer requirements, thereby effectively to use technological possibilities weft double knitting machines.
2. It is worked out and recommended on the basis of the analysis the features of development of plush knitting ways of development piece patterned plush knitting with a new design of yam feeding devices and with installation of pins and needles on double knitting machines (IDP 2002 05204, IDP 2002 05205).
3. On the basis of studying of technological possibilities double circular interlock machines TERROT and double flat knitting machines PROTTI arc developed a pattern ornament, a patron of needles, structure, graphic notice and the description of knitting process on courses for new on base interlock intcrloopings with application of an additional element - cardigan loops and double face jacquard intcrloopings with small rapport a pattern for creation of patterned effect on a fabric surface.
4. Mathematical descriptions of process arc recommended at change of each of parameters depending on quantity change of cardigan loops in intcrloopings rapport which arc one-factorial mathematical models. By results of experiment the size of reliability of approximation R2<1 also aspires to a minimum.
5. Variants of fabrics with the reduced expense of raw materials as structures with the improved indicators and properties which arc developed on weft double machines on the basis of results of researches of technological parameters and physical-mcchanical properties on base interlock and double face jacquard intcrloopings arc developed and recommended.
6. Considerable reduction of volume density of new structures derivative interlock knitting three rib, four rib and five rib intcrloopings in comparison with a base intcrlooping at the expense of an arrangement of elements of loopy structure is provcd:-in three rib knitting - 9,8 %;-in four rib knitting - 29,2 %; - in five rib knitting - 34,4 %.
7. It is established, that at constant depth bending the maximum values of a tension depend on an entrance tension, frictional properties of a superficial friction and, mainly from a comer bending, and ways of decrease in a tension of a thread in branches of bending threads arc theoretically proved.
8. Application of a way of counter movement of spire parts, i.e. use on circular machine mobile trick walls, rubber coverings of a surface of the rollers possessing damping properties is theoretically proved, possibility of reduction of comer of grasp and time bending is thus defined.
9. The mathematical model of process in which bending is considered in five stages is constructed. Thus depth bending needles and lifting trick walls arc considered as known functions of time and at these assumptions dependences between a tension of a thread and a corner of a grasp, speed of descent of a needle and lifting trick walls, and thus arc received, law of change a thread tension in the beginning and the end of each stage is established.
10. It is established, that at trick walls lifting simultaneously with lowering of a needle the thread tension decreases in comparison with usual bending process, depending on friction factor, for 20-40 %. For circular machines with concrete data the settlement it is by defined, that value of a tension of a thread at simultaneous lowering of a needle and lifting trick walls decreases for 37,9 % and at simultaneous use of rotating rollers in addition - on 5,6 %.
11. Interfaces of calculation of technological parameters of such intcrloopings, as plain, rib 1+1, interlock, plush and a new method of calculation of plush knitting which much more simplifies definition of technological parameters with introduction of the coefficient defined experimental for upwears, underwear knitting, and also for hosiery arc recommended.
12. Expected economic benefit of application of offered technology of development interlock patterned intcrloopings makes 486000 sum at processing of raw materials of 1000 kg and from application of offered technology of development jacquard intcrloopings makes 1590000 sum at processing of raw materials of 1000 kg in the prices 2013y.