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THE CURRENT STATE OF RURAL ELECTRICITY SUPPLY AT GLOBAL AND
LOCAL LEVELS
A.J. Isakov
F.E. Khojaev
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14511691
The demand for energy consumption is increasing year by year not only in developed
and developing cities but also in rural areas. By 2022, the rural electrification rate worldwide
reached 87.6%, whereas this figure in Uzbekistan had already reached 100% by 2016
(Figure 1).
Figure 1: The Share of Electrification in Rural Areas Globally and in Uzbekistan
from 2000 to 2022
In terms of electricity production, the figure reached 28,000 TWh in 2020, while the
demand for electricity in the same year equaled 29,000 TWh. By 2040, these figures are
expected to reach 40,000 TWh and 42,000 TWh, respectively.
In rural areas, the demand for electricity varies due to several factors, such as the level
of economic development, population density, availability of electricity, and tariff types. In
2019, the total electricity demand in rural areas worldwide averaged 4,260 TWh, which
accounted for approximately 10% of the global electricity demand (Figure 1.2).
а)
б)
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Figure 2. a) Global Electricity Production and Consumption Between 2020 and
2040. b) Electricity Supply Coefficient.
In Uzbekistan, the annual energy production in 2022 amounted to 74 TWh, of
which 49% was consumed by industrial enterprises, 27.7% by the population, 12% by
agriculture, 7.3% by service sectors, 3% by the energy sector, and 1% by transport. In 2023,
the country's total electricity consumption amounted to 57.61 billion kWh. Per capita, this
figure averaged 1,616 kWh. Out of this total electricity consumption, 37%, or 21.08 billion
kWh, corresponds to rural areas (Figure 3).
It is known that the parameters characterizing the quality of electricity supply in power
networks can be divided into two types:
1.
Electricity losses;
2.
Reliability parameters of the operational condition of the power supply.
Figure 3. Sectoral Distribution of Electricity Consumption.
The dynamics of electricity production and consumption in Uzbekistan are steadily
developing. In 2022, the country produced 74 TWh of electricity, 37% of which was consumed
in rural areas. The increasing demand for electricity supply in these regions
necessitates improving infrastructure and enhancing energy efficiency.
The main challenges in the power supply system include:
1.
Reducing electricity losses in networks;
2.
Improving the reliability of electricity supply;
3.
Ensuring energy efficiency through the implementation of technological innovations.
In conclusion, improving electricity supply in rural areas not only enhances energy
efficiency but also creates a foundation for economic development and improvement of living
standards. At the same time, ensuring the stability of electricity networks must be
implemented alongside infrastructural and technological solutions.
