No. 2(83) (2021) Stomatologiya

Статьи

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  STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF SOLID TISSUES OF INTACT TEETH The structural organization of enamel, dentin and cementum of human teeth is highlighted. Relying on the achievements of modem medicine, armed with high-tech equipment, such as transmission and scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, the authors penetrated into the ultrastructural organization of enamel prisms and their connection with its other components. The structure of the dentinal tubules and the cytoplasmic processes of odontoblasts located in it are described in detail. The connection of odontoblasts with pulp nerve fibers deserves special attention.

  X Irsaliev, F Irsalieva, F Valieva

  52-58

  314   40

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  PSYCHOSOCIAL RECOVERY IN COMPLEX REHABILITATION PATIENTS WITH MAXILLOFACIAL PATHOLOGY Psychosocial recovery during the rehabilitation of cancer patients with maxillofacial pathology. Material and methods: From 2008 to the present, 157 oncological patients aged 20 to 70 years with postoperative defects of the maxillofacial region, in whom various methods of prosthetics were used, were under observation in the clinic of the RCRC of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation and the RSNPMTSOR of the Ministry of Health. Results: After 10-12 months, 78 patients underwent repeated prosthetics. 80 patients used removable dentures with an obturator for more than 5 years. Due to the recurrences that occurred. 2-3 patients were made removable lamellar prostheses. Due to the mobility of the teeth located along the edge of the defect, new prostheses were made to 17 patients within two years. At the 3-5th year of life after the operation. 41 patients received repeated removable dentures with an obturator. Conclusions: The results obtained confirm the need for purposeful formation of the postoperative cavity and its use to relieve the abutment teeth.

  X Ubaidullaev, M Gafur-Akhunov, S Gafforov

  108-111

  131   24

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  INDICATORS OF PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH PATHOLOGY OF THE ADENOTONSILLARY SYSTEM To assess the physical development of primary school children with pathology of the adenotonsillar system.Material and methods: 38 children aged 6-8 years ivith diseases of the adenotonsillar system were examined. The 1st group consisted of 12 schoolchildren suffering from chronic diseases of the adenotonsillar system (chron. adenoiditis. chron. tonsillitis), the 2nd group included 18 children aged 6-8 years with hypertrophy of the lymphoid tissue of the nasopharynx (hypertrophy of the adenoids, hypertrophy of the palatine tonsils II degree). Group 3 (control) included 8 schoolchildren without clinical manifestations of pathology from the ENT organs. Results: Almost one third of children have developmental shifts, the severity of which depends on the type of pathological process in the adenotonsillar system. Children with chronic inflammatory processes in the tonsils have the lowest growth rates, often underweight. In children uith hypertrophy of the adenoids and palatme tonsils of the II degree, against the background of high growth rates, there is a sharp scatter of body weight indicators both in the direction of increase and decrease. Conclusions: The pathology' of the adenotonsilar system leads to disharmonious development of children in these observation groups.

  G Tastanova, Sh Khodjanov, I Abdusamatova

  104-108

  108   28

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  MEYER-SCHWIKKERATH–GREUTERICHS–WEYERS SYNDROME (CLINICAL CASE) The article presents a clinical case of Meyer-Schwickerath - Grtiterichs - Weyers syndrome (oculodentodigital dysplasia syndrome). A feature of this case can be considered the predominance of pathology of the organ of vision and oral cavity. The diagnosis was made in the department, after the received treatment the stabilization of the disease was achieved.

  Z Kuryazova, N Yangieva, Sh Jamalova, M Hikmatov

  101-104

  198   19

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  MEETING OF CRANIOPHATICAL INJURIES BETWEEN JOINT INJURIES Study of the frequency of occurrence of craniofacial injuries and analysis of the causes of their occurrence. Material and methods: Data of 5412 patients who received treatment during 2016-2017 were analyzed, of which 3918 (72.4%) were men. 1494 (27.6%) were women, with an average age of 20-70 years. 1st group - 5021 (92.7%) patients without craniofacial injuries, 2nd group - 391 (7.3%) patients with craniofacial injuries. Results: 30.1% of patients had epistaxis. 3.1% bleeding from soft tissues, 13.7% bleeding from a bone wound. 7.2% had a brain contusion. 39.1% had a concussion. Conclusions: Treatment of brain damage in these patients requires the participation of several specialists at the same time.

  Sh Boymuradov, B Karimberdiev, Sh Bakieva

  99-101

  203   21

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  ERRORS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF ACUTE INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF PERIAPICAL TISSUES AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES To study errors in the diagnosis and treatment of acute toothache in the prehospital period and their consequences. Material and methods: In 2019-2020 under our supervision in the clinic of adult surgical dentistry of the Tashkent State Dental Institute, there were 441 patients with odontogenic inflammatory diseases of the PMO. 90% of them were admitted to the clinic for emergency indications. Results: After hospitalization in the department, premedication was performed m some patients according to indications to perform the operation of opening the phlegmon and removing the causative tooth (s). The patient remained in the department for an average of 6-7 days. Within 3-4 days after discharge, the patients underwent dressing in the clinic of the MCS. then this procedure was performed in the clinic at the place of residence for 5-7 days. According to estimates, only the average cost of drugs used in the treatment of phlegmon was 402.400 soums. Conclusions: It is important for dentists to form clear ideas about the dynamics of the spread of a purulent inflammatory process.

  M Asimov, A Azimov, K Shomurodov, R Mirkhusanova, N Saidaliev, A Matnazarov, Z Mukhtorov

  94-98

  163   24

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  THE EFFECT OF INHALED HORMONAL AGENTS ON THE CONDITION OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA This article discusses corticosteroidal bronchial asthma, its etiology and possible manifestations on the oral mucosa caused by the side effects of inhaled hormonal drugs

  A Akbarov, X Zokirova

  91-94

  150   49

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  HERPETIC STOMATITIS. CLINIC, DIAGNOSTICS Herpes simplex virus infection is one of the most common oral-facial infections. Despite modern methods of diagnosis and treatment, herpetic stomatitis remains an urgent problem in dentistry. The authors analyzed literature data to assess the clinical and pathological characteristics of HSV-1 infection. Relevant MED LINE studies published since 2006 have been reviewed. This search has been supplemented by a search for all bibliographic references from reference lists of included literature.

  A Kadyrbayeva, F Shakirova, A Gofurov, N Saidova

  87-90

  153   26

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  MODERN METHODS OF TREATMENT OF ACUTE DENTAL INJURIES IN CHILDREN A systematic analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the topic «Acute dental injury in children and its treatment» was carried out. Based on the conclusions of the studied sources, the relevance of this problem is emphasized.

  S Murtazaev, D Mahmudova

  83-86

  216   32

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  COMBINED PATHOLOGY: PERIODONTAL AND GASTRODUODENAL ZONE DISEASES Results of the review are presented in the article. The article presents the condition of periodontal tissues in patients with gastroduodenal pathology, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease, Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis (chronic gastritis of type B), peptic ulcer of stomach and duodenum.

  Sh Shadieva, M Giyazova

  80-83

  80   33

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  THE ROLE OF HELICOBACTER INFECTION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA AND INFLAMMATORY PERIODONTAL DISEASES This article analyzes the provisions of the Maastricht Consensus-5 on the study of H. pylon infection. It is shown how ideas about the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylon infection have changed in the previous Maastricht consensus. Separately, the issues of the relationship of this infection with the pathology of the gastroduodenal zone, including functional dyspepsia and inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa and periodontium, are considered. The modem approaches to the diagnosis of Helicobacteriosis are shown with the determination of the choice of the most optimal diagnostic method in various situations. The importance of H. pylori eradication in the prevention of functional dyspepsia, inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa and periodontium was confirmed.

  M Abdurakhmanov, Sh Shadieva

  76-79

  102   25

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  TECHNICAL TECHNIQUES FOR DETERMINATION OF TEETH COLOR IN ORTHOPEDIC DENTAL CLINIC One of the components of the successful result of the future restoration is the determination of the color of the teeth. When determining the color of the teeth, it is necessary to take into account not only the objective factors that affect the selection of the tooth shade, but also the subjective color perception of the dentist or dental technician. Such procedures should be separated into a separate stage, observing all the production and psychological subtleties and nuances. The article describes the mechanisms for determining and recreating the color of teeth, understanding the nature of color, and the influence of light and other factors on the choice of color and visual perception of the finished orthopedic structure.

  N Ziyadullaeva, N Xojimurodova, F Muxitdinova

  72-76

  85   16

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  CLINICAL PICTURE, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS Chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis is one of the most common diseases of the oral mucosa faced by dentists, but its etiology remains unclear, and the treatment of this disease is based on less than reliable evidence There is an opinion that chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis is localized a mucosal disease that is not secondary to a systemic disease and can therefore be distinguished from more than 40 other types of oral ulcers. Many topical anti-inflammatory agents help ulcers heal, and topical treatments are still the preferred treatment. Some systemic ones are effective in preventing new ulcers.

  X Kamilov, A Kadyrbayeva, F Bakhramova, X Mirzaev

  64-67

  240   40

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  MODERN POSSIBILITIES OF LIGHT FLUORESCENCE FOR THE DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTION OF DENTAL CARIES The presented literature review examines the data of world publications of diagnostic procedures of light fluorescence for screening and monitoring of caries activity, shows the potential of this method for detecting earlier states of initiation and progression of carious lesions. Light fluorescence significantly improves the quality of diagnostics and allows you to more clearly define the boundaries of non-invasive therapy.

  B Khudanov, D Gulyamov, F Abdurakhimova, Sh Daminova, K Turaev, N Tuigunov

  64-67

  270   68

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  FEATURES OF ORAL CAVITY LESIONS IN SARS-COV-2 INFECTION Various viral agents such as herpes viruses, human papillomavirus and Coxsackie virus are a common cause of primary oral lesions, while other viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, infect the oral cavity due to a weak immune system. Interestingly, it has been reported that patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) may show cutaneous manifestations, including in the mouth.

  Zh Rizaev, M Akhrorova

  59-63

  238   27

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  COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE SURFACE OF THE DENTAL IMPLANT "IMPLANT.UZ" FOR THE PROCESS OF OSTEOINTEGRATION Comparative study of the surface characteristics and the value of the untwisting torque of the dental implant “Iinplant.uz” subjected to sandblasting with 125 pmA12O3 particles, followed by immersion in a biomimetic liquid and the mechanically treated surface of the same implant without immersion in this liquid. Material and methods: In an experiment on dogs, the surface characteristics of the dental implant “Iinplant.uz” were studied. Results: The mechanically treated implants showed 49.5± 10.3 cN m removal torque values after a 6-week healing period, but for immersed in biomimic fluid and sandblasted implants the same parameter was 72.7±15.98 cN m. After a 16-week recovery period, these values increased to 77.5±15.16 and 89.7±11.83 cN m, respectively. Conclusions: For biomimetically incubated sandblasted dental implants, faster recovery was observed compared to mechanically treated implants. Key words: dental implant “Implant, uz”, mechanical surface treatment, sandblasting with A12O3 particles.

  N Khabilov, T Moon, F Usmonov

  5-7

  166   24

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  SUBSTANTIATION OF THE CLINICAL EFFICIENCY OF THE DENTA-FLUO DRUG FOR DEEP FLUORINATION IN CHILDREN WITH A MOVABLE BITE To evaluate the clinical efficacy of deep fluoridation with Denta-Fluo for the prevention of dental caries in children. Material and methods: Among students in grades 1-2, 2 groups of children 6-7 years old, 30 in each, were identified. The intensity of caries in the 1st group was 5.4, in the 2nd - 4.9. Previously, the patients of both groups underwent a debridement of carious teeth. Results: Deep fluoridation remotherapy with Denta-Fluo helps to prevent caries of both temporary and permanent teeth during the period of mixed bite. To obtain an anti-carious effect, the agent should be used repeatedly (at least 2 times a year), for several years until the bite is completely changed. Conclusions: The advantage of the ding is its budget, which makes it possible to recommend it for deep fluoridation as an alternative to imported drugs in this category.

  N Zhuraeva

  49-52

  150   24

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  ORAL BIOLOGY DISTURBANCES IN CHILDREN WITH HEPATITIS C To study the quantitative and qualitative composition of microflora, as well as indicators of local protective factors in the oral fluid in children with viral hepatitis C.Material and methods: Microbiological and immunological studies in 61 children with viral hepatitis C (HCV), which were divided into 3 groups: 1st (control) - 10 healthy children, 2nd - 30 children with viral hepatitis C (traditional treatment), 3rd - 21 children with HCV (traditional therapy+eubiotics).Results: When conducting microbiological studies in the oral fluid of children with viral hepatitis C, the most pronounced quantitative changes were found in the facultative flora. With HCV, microbes appeared in the oral cavity that was not sown in healthy children (Staph, aureus. Str. pyogenes and lactose-negative strains of Escherichia).Conclusions: It is necessary to take into account when providing medical care to such children.

  Sh Daminova, S Matkulieva, S Nazirova, N Razzakova

  47-48

  109   14

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  CONSTRUCTION OF A MATHEMATICAL MODEL, ACCORDING TO THE DEPENDENCE OF THE LENGTH OF THE ANTERIOR STEP OF THE DENTAL ARCH AND THE WIDTH OF THE UPPER INCISORS (BY KORHAUS) On the basis of mathematical modeling, a software product has been proposed that allows one to determine in express mode the length of the anterior portion of both the upper and lower dental arches by the sum of the width of the upper incisors (according to Korkhaus). Also, the program, based on the proportionality of the sums of the transverse dimensions of the anterior teeth of the upper jaw; provides the doctor with information about what actions should be taken taking into account the existing problem.

  Sh Rasulova, G Aripova, E Nasimov, S Murtazaev, N Dzhumaeva, R Kadirov

  44-46

  107   21

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  COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT ORTHODONTHIC UPPER JAW EXTENSIONS IN CHILDREN WITH A COMPLETE BITE Comparative evaluation of various orthodontic maxillary expanders in children nith mixed dentition. Material and methods: Under observation were 26 children aged 12 to 14 years with a changeable bite with a narrowing of the upper jaw and speech impairment. In 13 (50%) children of the 1st group, treatment was carried out using a dental expander for the upper jaw (DEMP), supported by 4 strips placed on the first premolars of the upper jaw and the first permanent molars. Thirteen (50%) patients of the 2nd group received treatment with a bone expander for bone expansion of the upper jaw (EJB). which was fixed directly on the palatine bone usmg 4 mimscrews. Results: In the EHCR group, a statistically significant decrease was observed in the external buccopalatal angle of inclination of the first maxillary premolars and the first permanent molars. In the ZEVC group, a statistically significant decrease was found only for the external buccopalatinal tilt: the angle of the right and left first premolars. Conclusions: Further research with a large sample size is needed to test the long-term stability of the achieved expansion by both devices.

  R Nigmatov, Zh Kadyrov, I Nigmatova, N Rakhmatullaeva, R Davronova

  40-44

  195   35

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  ANALYSIS OF MODERN METHODS FOR ASSESSING OCCLUSION IN CHILDREN WITH EARLY LOSS OF MILK TEETH Assessment of occlusal contacts and determination of chewing efficiency by analyzing occlusion in children with early loss of milk teeth, using computer analysis. Material and methods: The study was carried out among schoolchildren in Tashkent at the age of 6 to 9 years. During the year. 47 students were examined, of which 19 (40.4%) were girls and 28 (59.6%) were boys. 17 patients had a mesial bite. 15 had a distal bite. 8 had a deep incisal overlap, and 7 had a disocclusion. To study the occlusion of the dentition, two methods of analyzing the occlusionogram were used. Results: The adhesive base of the adhesive plaster not only requires more time and manual costs from the doctor, causes discomfort to the patient, but also needs to create additional scanning conditions: fixation on a sheet of paper and covering the occlusiogram with cling film. Due to the smooth surface and smaller volume, the occlusiogram with a base on tracing paper did not require additional scanning conditions and did not cause discomfort in patients. The most distinct occlusiograms were recorded using 40 pm Bausch articulating paper. Conclusions: In patients with partial secondary' adentia. anomalies m the position of individual teeth and anomalies in the bite, there is a decrease in the area of occlusal contacts of the dentition, and the greatest decrease was recorded in patients with anomalies in bite - by 24.76%.

  R Nigmatov, I Nigmatova, M Nodirkhonova, N Abdullaeva, N Abduganieva

  36-39

  190   27

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  CHAKKA-PASTKI ZHAG BOGIMINING DYSFUNCTION AND DIAGNOSTICS MUTAHASSISLARNING FANLARARO YONDASHUVI ASOSIDA DAVOLASH SAMARADORLIGINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an interdisciplinary approach to the diagnosis and treatment of pathology of the temporomandibular joint. Material and methods: 1197 patients with pathology of the temporomandibular joint, 478 of them women and 719 men, turned to the dental center of the Bukhara State Medical Institute for specialized help and advice from orthopedic dentists, psychotherapists and neurologists of the Institute. Results: 46.1% of patients complained of tingling in the mouth when opening and / or closing it, including 45 (15.84%) on the right, 80 (28.57%) on the left. In the area of the temporomandibular joint. 49.5% of patients felt pain, discomfort, malocclusion was noted in 53.1%. and limited opening of the mouth was felt by 29.6% of the subjects. Conclusions: The diagnosis of patients with temporomandibular jomt dysfunction should be carried out taking mto account the participation of both biological, psychological and neurological factors in the development of the disease.

  G Idiev

  33-35

  74   23

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  DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF A NEW DESIGN OF ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE INDIVIDUAL POSTS FOR A SINGLE-ROOT TOOTH The authors have proposed and made on 10 patients an artificial post with a thread and with an inlay made of zirconium dioxide for single-rooted teeth. It is made monolithic, while the intracortical (apical) part and the extra-root part for the crown (in the form of an abutment) are separate sections of a one-piece screw equipped with a removable head screw. Such a dental post is used for one-stage fixation of artificial crowns

  A Akbarov, N Nigmatova

  29-33

  148   27

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  PREVENTION OF ALVEOLITIS AFTER REMOVAL OF IMPACTED AND DYSTOPATED TEETH To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of a domestic production of Vinifer in the prevention of alveolitis after the removal of impacted and dystopic teeth. Material and methods: 72 patients aged 17 to 30 years and older, who applied from district polyclinics in Tashkent and other regions of Uzbekistan in 2019-2021. were under observation. Results: When using Vinifer to pre-vent alveolitis, the frequency of complications after tooth extraction decreased markedly. Treatment of alveolitis with the use of powder from the Vinifer preparation has reduced the number of visits to the dental surgeon. Conclusions: In terms of therapeutic and prophylactic properties, the drug showed positive results, while not inferior to imported counterparts.

  Z Zhilonova, X Sadikova, N Kayumova, A Olimov, I Mukhamedov

  26-29

  184   37

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  ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF LOCAL IMMUNE OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE PURULENT ODONTOGENIC OSTITIS Objective: To study the characteristic features of local and systemic immunity in patients with acute purulent odontogemc ostitis of the jaw. Material and methods: The data obtained during the examination and treatment of 42 patients aged from 7 to 9 years with acute purulent odontogenic ostitis who applied to the TGSI clinic were analyzed. Results: Bacteriological study of wound discharge inpatients with acute purulent odontogenic ostitis showed that staphylococcus form the basis of microflora in species ratio. These microorganisms accounted for 82% of the total number of isolated strains. Conclusions: in acute purulent odontogenic ostitis, the ability of periodontal cells to recover is not observed, but rather the development of irreversible processes occurs, whichrequires surgical intervention and appropriate pharmacological correction.

  N Kayumova, Sh Khasanov, A Khadzhimetov, Z Zhilonova

  22-25

  121   21

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