ХАЛҚАРО ИЛМИЙ-АМАЛИЙ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
«ПРЕВЕНТИВ ПЕДИАТРИЯ»-2024
76
FEATURES OF THE IMMUNO-CYTOKINE SYSTEM IN
ZOOANTHROPONOTIC SKIN TRICHOPHYTIAS
Khalidova Kh.R.,
1
Ikramova N.Dj.,
1
Urmanova K.R.
1,2
1-Republican
Specialized Scientific
and
Practical
Medical
Center
of Dermatovenereology and Cosmetology
2- Centre for the development of professional qualification of medical workers
Scientific adviser: Rakhmatov A.B. - prof., dms of State Institution "Republican
Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center of Dermatovenereology and
Cosmetology" Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Purpose of the study.
To study the phenotype of immunocompetent cells (CD3+,
CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD25+), the level of cytokines (IL-1, IL-4, IL-6, β, γ - IFN, TNF-a)
and establish their significance in the clinical course of zooanthropanosis trichophytosis.
Materials and methods of research:
To perform immunological studies, 76 patients
with various forms of zooanthropanotic trichophytosis were selected, who were treated in a
hospital setting of the State Institution RSNPMCDViK of the Ministry of Health of the
Republic of Uzbekistan. There were 37 men (48.7%), 39 women (51.3%). Trichophytosis
of smooth skin was detected in 16 (21.1%) patients, of the scalp - in 21 (27.6%) and a mixed
form (smooth skin and upper part of the head or pubic area) in 39 (51.3%) patients. When
distributed according to clinical forms, a superficial spotted form was identified in 23
(30.1%), an infiltrative form in 30 (39.5%) and an infiltrative-suppurative form in 25
(32.9%) patients. The age of the patients varied from 2 to 35 years. Children under 14 years
old made up 39 (513%) patients, from 15 to 18 years old - 19 (25%), from 19 to 35 years
old - 18 (23.7%) patients. The number of lesions varied from 1 to 25 lesions.
Results and discussion:
In all patients, microscopic examinations revealed fungi, on
the basis of which the diagnosis was made. Culture studies were carried out in all patients,
and in 37 cases (48.7%) growth of dermatophytes was obtained. Of these, in 25 (67.6%)
cases, growth of Tr.verrucosum was obtained, in 12 (32.4%) cases, Tr. mentagrophytes var.
Gypseum.
Blood was taken from all patients to study immunological parameters: phenotype
of immunocompetent cells (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD16+, CD25+), level of cytokines (IL-
1, IL4, IL-6, alpha, β, γ- IFN, TNF- alpha).
ХАЛҚАРО ИЛМИЙ-АМАЛИЙ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ
«ПРЕВЕНТИВ ПЕДИАТРИЯ»-2024
77
Disturbances were revealed in the form of a decrease in the relative number of CD3
cells (50.8 ± 0.37), CD4 cells (33.0 ± 0.32), indicators of nonspecific resistance (38.6 ±
0.57), activation of the humoral immune system (21.3±0.15).
During the initial screening of the cytokine-producing activity of cells of the
immune
system, different concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are observed: an
increase in the concentration of IL-6, TNF-alpha and a decrease in IL-1, IL-4, IFN-γ.
A comparative analysis of the cytokine status before treatment showed different
concentrations of various cytokines. The content of IL-1β, IL-2 in all patients before
treatment was reduced compared to the normative value (31.3±4.92 pkg/ml and 0.6+0.3592
pkg/ml, respectively).
We consider reduced values of IL-1β and IL-2 as an unfavorable prognostic
criterion that does not allow strengthening the mechanism of protective immunity to
dermatophytes.
An increased concentration of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha is associated with the
presence
of inflammation of varying severity at the site of introduction of the pathogenic fungus. The
concentration of cytokines such as IL-4 (1.3 times), INF-γ (1.3 times) was reduced to varying
degrees of reliability.
Conclusions:
Thus, dermatomycosis is a large group of diseases with a complex
immune response that occurs as a result of skin infection by fungi. In the general
dermatological structure of morbidity, dermatomycosis occupies one of the first places, so
studying the immunological features of the course of fungal diseases in organizing the fight
against them is an urgent task.
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Евразийский кардиологический
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