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- jamiyatda farovonlik yuksalib, kishilar, ijtimoiy guruhlar o‘rtasida ijtimoiy kelishuv,
murosa falsafasi, jamiyatdan rozilik tendensiyalari yuksaladi;
- insonlar o‘rtasida yaratuvchanlik xususiyatlari, innovatsion tafakkur vujudga keladi,
ilmiy texnologiyalarni o‘zlashtirishga harakat kuchayadi, zamonaviy taraqqiyot tendensiyalari
vujudga keladi;
- inson, jamiyat va davlat o‘rtasida samarali muloqot vujudga keladi, bu jarayonda
muvofiqlashgan tizim tashkil etiladi, insonning o‘z xuquqlari va ehtiyojlarini ro‘yobga chiqarish
hatti-harakatlari kuchayadi.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar:
1. Mirziyoev Sh.M. Vatanimiz mustaqilligi – biz uchun kuch-qudrat va ilhom manbai, taraqqiyot
va farovonlik asosi.
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi davlat mustaqilligining 30 yillik bayramiga
bag‘ishlangan marosimdagi nutq.
31.08.2021. www.prezident.uz.
2. Шумпетер Й. Капитализм, социализм и демократия. –Москва: Экономика, 1995. -С. 128
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3. Мухаев Р. Политология. –Москва: Проспект, 2011, -С. 492.
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4. Аузан А., Келимбетов К. Социокультурная формула экономической
модернизации. //Вопросы экономики, 2012 г. № 5. –С. 38.
-
5. Ўзбекистон 2023 йил учун халқаро SDG Index ажойиб ўсишни кўрсатди.
https://uz.tafsilar.info/obshhestvo/zbekiston-2023-jil-uchun-hal-aro-sdg-index-azhojib-sishni-k-
rsatdi/
THE PROBLEM OF COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
Safina Farida Axatovna
Teacher of German Language, the Faculty of foreign languages at Jizzakh State Pedagogical
University (Uzbekistan)
E-mail address: safinafarida@gmail.com
Abstract:
This article is focusing on the comparative study of foreign languages,
contrastive linguistics, and the impact of native language interference on foreign language
learning. Understanding these aspects can greatly enhance language teaching methodologies.
Keywords:
foreign language, comparative analysis, globalization process, comparative
linguistics
A foreign language is a subject through which students can form a professional interest,
get acquainted with foreign sources in various specialties, and regional geographical knowledge.
The formation of students' cognitive interest should be carried out in the following areas: the
interesting content of the program material, the improvement of teaching methods and the use of
modern learning technologies, as well as ways of organizing students' cognitive activity, at the
same time, it is necessary to take into account the theories of linguistic development and
teaching, have an idea of modern ideas about their own position and role, as well as the position
and role of foreign language learners in education and face new technologies, offered as an aid to
improve the methodology.
According to this aspect the process of learning foreign languages should be significantly
intensified, taking into account the emphasis on the development of oral speech of any student
for the use of language within his specialty, for the development of his communicative activity,
as well as for the ability to translate scientific material in the specialty to extract the necessary
special information from foreign sources, both for improvement in his specialty and for further
scientific activity in a selected field. The teacher should pay maximum attention to the student's
need for knowledge and create a friendly atmosphere. The problem of comparative language
learning in linguistic as well as methodological terms is of great importance for teaching native
and foreign languages in national schools and in national groups of universities.
The next vital aspect for learning foreign language is comparative analysis. It is a tool for
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language identification, as well as a means of determining the degree of involvement in the
processes of globalization and the degree of independence; identifying information-sensitive
points (sensors) for language exchange, therefore, between cultures and civilizations as historical
aggregates. Such a comparison, revealing similar phenomena and discrepancies, makes it
possible to better understand the material that does not correspond to the native language. It also
helps to prevent possible mistakes caused by the influence of the native language. For example,
there is no noun category in the Uzbek language. In addition, adjectives are immutable, that is,
they do not agree with nouns. This explains the difficulties students have in learning matching
expressions in English.
Along with single-structured languages, relatively multi-structured languages are also
studied. For example, English - Turkish, German - Azerbaijani, Spanish - Georgian, French -
Uzbek, etc.
A comparative study shows that in some genetically related languages there are
differences in their structure. For example, in German and English (in the case system, in the
differentiation of nouns by gender, in declension, in the sentence structure). On the contrary,
there are several approximations in languages that are far from each other.
The problem of national cultures in the objectively occurring multidimensional process of
global globalization, their interaction with the world's dominant hybrid and average mass culture,
claiming to replace cultures, raises the question of the place of national cultures in this process.
Languages in these processes retain their national identity, moreover, their authenticity.
The last aspect discussed in this article is contrastive linguistic. Contrastive linguistic is
as an independent linguistic field emerged from a general series of comparative studies at the end
of the 20th century. This field is closely related to ethnopsychology and cultural history and
serves as a link between fundamental linguistics and applied aspects of linguistics. The social
context of language arises as a result of detailed research, which allows us to "study" the
evolution of the national language, since linguistic changes can be understood only when they
are considered in the totality of developing phenomena. In conclusion, the analysis of the
language of this society exacerbates the problem of studying the relationship between language
and the peculiarities of spiritual culture.
Bibliography:
1)
Gilquin, G. (2017)."Applied cognitive linguistics and second/foreign language varieties.
Towards an explanatory account." Usage-based Approaches to Language Acquisition and
Language Teaching,4.
2)
Goldberg, V. (2007). "Discussion problems of modern linguoconceptology. Anthology of
concepts in 5 volumes. "Volgograd, pp.4-17.5.
3)
Kovaleva, S.S. Bilingualism as a socially communicative process / S.S. Kovaleva. 2011.
4)
Haspelmath, Martin, König, Ekkehard, Oesterreicher, Wulf, and Raible, Wolfgang (eds.)
(2001) Language Typology and Language Universals, Vols I-II, Walter de Gruyter: Berlin &
New York.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES
Safina Farida Axatovna Teacher of German Language, the Faculty of foreign languages
at Jizzakh State Pedagogical University (Uzbekistan)
Abstract:
The growing importance of learning foreign languages in the past decade is
evident, particularly with the rise of distance learning and opportunities in foreign universities
and companies. However, merely being in a language environment doesn't ensure reaching the
desired C1-C2 level; hence, effective strategies are crucial. This article delved into research-
based strategies and those employed by ESL teachers, with a focus on enhancing speaking
fluency. Strategies involving pair and group work showed promising results, as did methods that
address psychological barriers related to language level differences in class. By implementing
