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SEMANTIC CORRELATIONS IN THE DISCURSIVE DYNAMICS OF
TRANSLATION
Rasulova Dildora Atayarovna
Tashkent Textile and Light Industry Institute, English teacher of the
department of Uzbek and foreign languages.
Email: dildorarslv@gmail.com
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11611760
Abstract.
The article deals with the major role of developing of semantic
correlations in discursive dynamics of translation in English. The author
concludes that the process of comparative linguistic researches and translation
studies are considered an integral part of learning languages, as the language is
the means of communication.
Key words
: comparative, discursive, coherence, cohesion, semantic
correlation, perspective analysis, background of multiculturalism, linguistics,
comparative typology, translation studies.
Annotatsiya.
Maqolada ingliz tilidagi tarjimaning diskursiv dinamikasida
semantic munosabatlarni rivojlantirishning asosiy roli haqida so’z boradi.
Muallifning
xulosasiga
ko’ra,
qiyosiy
tilshunoslik
tadqiqotlari
va
tarjimashunoslik jarayoni tillarni o’rganishning ajralmas qismi hisoblanadi,
chunki til muloqot vositasi bo’lib xizmat qiladi.
Kalit so`zlar:
qiyosiy, discursive, izchillik, uyg`unlik, semantic munosabat,
istiqbolli tahlil, ko’pmadaniyatlilik negizi, tilshunoslik, qiyosiy tipologiya,
tarjimashunoslik.
Аннотация.
В статье рассматривается важнейшая роль развития
семантических корреляций в дискурсивной динамике перевода на
английском языке. Автор приходит к выводу, что процесс сравнительно-
лингвистических
исследований
и
переводоведения
считается
неотъемлемой частью изучения языков, поскольку язык является
средством общения.
Ключевые слова:
компаративный, дискурсивный, связность,
связность,
семантическая
корреляция,
перспективный
анализ,
предпосылки
мультикультурализма,
лингвистика,
сравнительная
типология, переводоведение.
Introduction.
Comparative analysis in translation provides instructional
strategies that will open doors to identify the elements under scientific
investigation. Therefore, it will lead to deeper understanding of language
elements in translation process and advances cognitive and emotional
processing needed for language acquisition.
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That is the reason why the semantic correlation in translation and discursive
dynamic is more appropriate for implementation into the process of
comparative linguistic researches and translation studies specialist. Study of the
core of the comparative semantic correlation in translation and discursive
dynamic, identifying the effective strategies and methods of semantic
relationship in translation process and developing efficient ways of analyzing
language structures and elements is topical
nowadays. The objectives to achieve
the purpose of the research problem development status: The rapid
development in the second half of the 21st century of such interdisciplinary
disciplines as semantics and discursive dynamics in translation largely
predetermined the use of an integrated approach in the study of semantic
correlation in translation.
Literature review
.
The study of semantics in translation process from the
points of view of sociolinguistics, translation leads to the identification of such
external factors of the formation of translation as semantic, lexical, phrase
logical, cultural contacts. Linguists such as Van Dijk (1972), De Beaugrands
(1980), Halliday and Hasan (1976) have made a significant impact in the field of
discourse. The Prague School of linguistics, with their interest in the structuring
of information in discourse, has been also influential. Its most important
contribution has been to show the links between grammar and discourse.
"Discourse: a continuous stretch of (especially spoken) language larger than a
sentence, often constituting a coherent unit such as a sermon, argument, joke, or
narrative" (Crystal 1992:25). According to Cook (1990) novels, as well as short
conversations or groans might be equally rightfully named discourses. The term
‘discourse’ comes into force when we deal with the highest grammatical level of
analysis in the rank scale, that is, paragraphs and texts, which are considered to
be ‘larger stretches of language higher than the sentence’.
The identification of the relationship between the content or purpose and the
internal structure of a linguistic sign in functional linguistics and the use of
developments on the theoretical foundations of semantic features led to the
study of the functioning of semantic correlation in written translation reality.
The result of such studies was a list of functions performed by discursive
dynamics in translation.
Research Methodology
. The comparative method, the component analysis
method, the observation method, the contextual analysis method, the method of
constructing a classification are used in this research work. One of the
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fundamental problems in written translation process is the question of the
semantic features and semantic correlation in discourse.
The history of the question shows that the views on this problem have
changed with the development of linguistic science. Fully knowing a word
involves understanding its form and meaning, e.g., what part of speech it is, how
its pronounced and spelt, all the meanings it can have. As words can get part of
their meaning from context, and context helps to show the meaning of words, it
is effective to translate words in context, e.g., through texts, stories or
descriptions of events. We can use the relationships in meaning between words
(synonyms, lexical sets, word families, etc.) and the ways in which they can be
built (prefixes, suffixes, compounds) to me activities to help our students extend
their knowledge of lexical sets and word families.
In order to attain equivalence, despite the difference in formal and
semantic systems of two languages, the translators are obliged to do various
linguistic transformations. It is aimed to ensure that the text imparts all the
knowledge inferred in the original text, violating the rules of the language it is
translated into. Lexical substitutions, supplementations, omissions(dropping)
are considered as the most suitable for describing all kinds of lexical
transformations. Translating a phraseological unit is not also an easy matter as it
depends on several factors: different combinality of words, homonymy,
synonymy, polysemy of phraseological units. Every language has a specific
system which differs from that of any other. English and Russian belong to the
Germanic and Slavonic groups respectively of the Indo- European family of
languages; the Uzbek pertains to the Turkic group of the Altaic family.
Analysis and results
. Discursive dynamic in translation is a vast subject
area within linguistics, encompassing as it does the analysis of spoken and
written language over and above concerns such as the structure of the clause or
sentence. There is of course a lot more to look at. For example, I have mentioned
the Halliday model of social action, looking at types of meaning in discourse and
their relationship with the notion of
register
, the linguistic features of the text
that reflect the social context in which it is produced. This chapter has also taken
a selection of grammatical concepts and has attempted to show how discourse
analysis has contributed to our understanding of the relationship between local
choices within the clause and sentence and the organization of the discourse as a
whole. A discursive approach to grammar would suggest not only a greater
emphasis on contexts larger than the sentence, but also a reassessment of
priorities in terms such as word order, articles, ellipsis, tense and aspect and
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some of other categories are discussed here. A study of vocabulary in text is
generated by the vocabulary relations that are found over clause and sentence
boundaries, the role of certain words in organizing discourses and signaling
their structure, and the relationship between these features of textuality and the
register of the end product. Such an approach also offers an alternative
motivation for the construction of word lists to supplement the traditional
semantic-field orientation. Translating involves understanding sense of written
text. To do this we need to understand the language of the text at word level,
sentence level or whole text level. It is also important to connect the message of
the text to our knowledge of the world.
E.g.The boy was surprised because the girl
was much faster at running than he was.
Qiz undan ko’ra tez yugurganidan bola
hayratda edi.)
Generally speaking, girls do not run as fast as boys. Our
knowledge of the world helps us understand why the boy was surprised.
Connected text is referred to as discourse. Discourse is connected by grammar
and vocabulary and/ or our knowledge of the world. Translating involves
understanding these connections.
The boy was surprised because the girl was
much faster at running than he was.
But
after he found out that her mother had
won a medal for running at the Olympic Games, he understood. (Qiz undan ko’ra
tez yugurganidan bola hayratda edi. Lekin qizning onasi Olimpia musobaqasida
yugurish bo’yicha sovrin olganini bilgach hammasini tushundi.)
The second
sentence gives us a possible reason why the girl was so good at running. But we
can only understand that this is a reason if we know that Olympic runners are
very good. This means we need to use our knowledge of the world to see the
sense connection between these two sentences (
coherence
). The grammatical
links between the sentences (
cohesion
) also help us see the connection between
them. For example, in the second sentence
‘he’
refers to ‘
the boy’
in the first
sentence, and ‘
her
’ refers to ‘
the girl’
, and linking the sentences there is
the
conjunction
‘
after
’. So, translating a written text involves understanding the
language of each sentence and the relationship between sentences using our
knowledge of language and our knowledge of the world.
Conclusion/Recommendations.
In sum, a text can be coherent without
cohesion. A text that is cohesive without coherence, however, is hardly a text: A
man walked into a bar. Bars sell good beer. It’s brewed mostly in Germany.
Germany went to war with Britain…
In each case, we suggest, there is no clear and direct marking relationships,
between the first and second sentences. Nonetheless, a normal reader will
naturally assume that these sequences of sentences constitute a text and will
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translate the second sentence in the light of the first sentence. There are
‘semantic relations’ between the sentences, in the absence of any explicit
assertion that there is such a relationship. It seems to be the case then that
‘texture’, in the sense of explicit realization of semantic relations, is not criteria
to the identification and co- interpretation of texts
References:
1.
Aznaurova E.S. Interpetation of literary text. Tashkent. O’qituvchi 1990
2.
Brown G., Yuli G. Discourse Analysis. Cambridge University Press. 1985.
3.
Halliday A. K. Language as social semiotic. – London, New York,
Melbourne, Auckland, 1994. – 240 p.
4.
Halliday A. K. (1985) An Introduction to Functional Grammar. 4758 p.
5.
Langacker R.W. Concept, image, and symbol: The cognitive basis of
grammar. – B.; N.Y.: Mouton de Gruyter, 1990. – 395 p.
6.
Michael Mccarthy. Discourse analysis for language Teachers.-Cambridge
University Press 1991.
