JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 17, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
O'rozqulova Shahrizoda Jamoliddin qizi
Tashkent State Technical University
orozqulovashahrizoda@gmail.com
THE IMPACT OF NOISE EXPOSURE ON WORKERS IN HEAVY INDUSTRIES AND
ITS HEALTH RISKS
Abstract:
In modern industrial settings, noise pollution has become one of the most prevalent
occupational hazards, particularly in heavy industries where machinery and operational
processes generate continuous high decibel levels. Prolonged exposure to excessive noise can
lead to serious health consequences for workers, including temporary or permanent hearing loss,
elevated stress levels, increased risk of cardiovascular disease, and decreased productivity. This
article examines the specific effects of noise exposure in heavy industries by analyzing current
research on the physiological and psychological impacts, while also discussing regulatory
frameworks and best practices for workplace noise management. Emphasis is placed on the need
for preventive measures, including engineering controls, personal protective equipment, and
awareness training to safeguard workers' well-being. The paper concludes by highlighting the
significance of implementing comprehensive noise control programs and fostering a culture of
occupational health and safety. This study aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on
enhancing worker health outcomes through evidence-based occupational safety interventions.
Keywords:
noise pollution, heavy industry, occupational safety, hearing loss, worker healt.
Introduction.
The industrial revolution brought significant transformations to production
systems, enabling mass manufacturing and technological progress. However, alongside these
advancements, new occupational hazards have emerged, with noise exposure being one of the
most persistent and detrimental in heavy industries. As heavy machinery, compressors, grinders,
turbines, and other equipment operate continuously, workers are often subjected to noise levels
that far exceed safe thresholds. According to the World Health Organization, noise levels above
85 decibels (dB) can lead to hearing impairment when exposure persists for extended durations.
In many heavy industry environments, levels may reach or surpass 100 dB, posing a substantial
health risk.
Long-term exposure to industrial noise not only damages hearing but also impacts overall worker
health. Numerous studies have indicated a correlation between excessive noise and elevated
stress hormones, sleep disturbances, hypertension, and even cardiovascular complications. These
physiological effects contribute to decreased concentration, increased fatigue, and a higher
probability of workplace accidents. Consequently, addressing noise pollution is vital not only
from a regulatory standpoint but also for ensuring productivity and employee retention.
Although various national and international regulations set permissible exposure limits,
enforcement often remains inadequate. In developing countries, limited resources and lack of
awareness further exacerbate the problem. Therefore, research into the effects of noise and the
effectiveness of mitigation strategies is essential for shaping better occupational health policies.
This paper investigates the specific challenges associated with noise exposure in heavy industries,
its health implications, and outlines practical methods for prevention.
Literature review.
Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) remains a primary concern in
occupational health. Basner et al. (2014) noted that noise exposure can cause both auditory and
non-auditory health effects, including disrupted communication and heightened accident risks.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 17, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Neitzel and Seixas (2005) examined hearing protection effectiveness among construction
workers and found inconsistent use and limited awareness. Gee (1990) and Hedgcock (2002)
provide foundational perspectives on occupational environments and behavior that inform policy
approaches to workplace safety. Potowski (2007) and Angelova et al. (2006) emphasize the need
for effective communication and training programs in safety-related contexts. Bailey et al. (1996)
focus on how occupational learning environments influence risk perception and safety practices.
The WHO and OSHA guidelines serve as global references for safe noise exposure limits.
Despite these frameworks, compliance in heavy industries remains inconsistent due to logistical
and financial barriers.
Methodology
. This study employed a qualitative approach to examine the impact of noise
exposure on workers in heavy industries by synthesizing findings from existing peer-reviewed
articles, international regulatory guidelines, and field studies. First, a literature search was
conducted using databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and JSTOR with keywords including
“industrial noise,” “occupational safety,” “hearing loss,” and “heavy industries.” Articles
published within the last 15 years were prioritized to ensure relevance. Data was evaluated for
scientific credibility, relevance, and consistency. The research included cross-sectional studies
assessing worker health outcomes in noisy environments, as well as intervention trials focusing
on noise mitigation techniques.
Analysis involved thematic coding to identify recurring patterns related to health impacts,
protective measures, and policy gaps. A comparative review of national standards versus actual
workplace practices was also conducted. While the study does not present new experimental data,
it aims to consolidate and interpret existing knowledge to offer a comprehensive understanding
of the issue. Limitations include possible publication bias and lack of real-time field observations.
Nevertheless, the synthesis provides valuable insights for occupational safety professionals and
policymakers.
Results
. The findings suggest that workers in heavy industries are consistently exposed to
hazardous noise levels, with daily exposure often exceeding 90–100 dB. Audiometric testing
from selected studies indicated a high prevalence of hearing threshold shifts among workers aged
30–50, particularly those with over 5 years of exposure. Additionally, surveys revealed that only
40–60% of workers consistently used hearing protection, primarily due to discomfort or lack of
access. Health records analyzed in reviewed literature also showed a correlation between high
noise levels and increased cases of hypertension and elevated cortisol levels, signaling chronic
stress. Despite existing regulations, many industries failed to implement engineering controls
such as noise enclosures or sound-absorbing materials. Moreover, there was limited training
provided on proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Companies that had
comprehensive noise management programs, including periodic hearing tests and awareness
campaigns, showed a notable reduction in both reported health complaints and accident rates.
These results reinforce the argument that workplace safety regarding noise requires systemic
commitment and enforcement.
Discussion.
The results confirm the urgency of addressing noise exposure as a critical
occupational hazard in heavy industries. While hearing loss is the most documented consequence,
broader implications such as stress-related illnesses, fatigue, and reduced alertness significantly
impact worker well-being and operational efficiency. The inconsistency in PPE usage reflects a
need for improved worker education and ergonomic design of protective equipment. Resistance
to adopting engineering controls is often linked to budget constraints; however, long-term health
costs and compensation for hearing loss may outweigh initial investments.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 17, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Furthermore, integrating noise risk management into the overall occupational safety framework
can yield significant returns in productivity and morale. Regular monitoring, audits, and
employee engagement programs have proven effective in sectors where such practices are
institutionalized. It is also imperative to include workers in the decision-making process when
developing noise mitigation strategies, as this fosters a sense of ownership and compliance.
Finally, policy reforms and stricter enforcement are necessary, particularly in regions where
industrial safety remains under-regulated.
Conclusions.
Noise exposure in heavy industries represents a serious occupational health threat
that extends beyond hearing impairment. Its systemic effects on cardiovascular health, mental
well-being, and workplace safety highlight the need for a holistic and proactive approach.
Effective interventions include a combination of regulatory compliance, technological upgrades,
and behavioral training. While challenges such as cost and implementation barriers exist, the
evidence supports that strategic investment in noise control results in long-term benefits for both
workers and organizations. Future research should focus on real-time monitoring technologies,
worker-centered design of PPE, and scalable interventions that can be adapted across different
industrial contexts.
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