International Journal of Pedagogics
17
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue08 2025
PAGE NO.
17-19
10.37547/ijp/Volume05Issue08-04
Modern Approaches in Preparing Future Primary School
Teachers: Integration of Theory and Practice
L.B.Axmedova
Associate Professor, PhD, Profy Univercity, Uzbekistan
Received:
09 June 2025;
Accepted:
05 July 2025;
Published:
07 August 2025
Abstract:
This article comprehensively covers the role of modern approaches in the training of primary school
teachers, their theoretical foundations, and practical integration. In recent years, based on global changes in the
education system, competency-based, innovative, technological, and reflexive approaches have become
increasingly important. The article analyzes, based on statistical data, the integration of new pedagogical
technologies, STEAM-education, ICT tools, and methodological educational practice in teacher training.
Keywords:
Competency-based approach, primary school teacher, modern pedagogy, ICT, STEAM-education,
reflection, educational technologies, pedagogical integration.
Introduction:
In the 21st century, the educational
process requires new content and forms. In particular,
the primary education system is the main foundation in
this regard. Therefore, it is necessary to train primary
school teachers based on modern approaches. While
traditional approaches are aimed only at imparting
knowledge, modern approaches serve to develop
students' independent thinking, problem-solving, and
communication skills.
In the training of future primary school teachers, not
only theoretical knowledge, but also practical
exercises, innovative technologies, information and
communication tools, and the formation of
professional competencies are of great importance.
Theory of the competency-based approach
. The
competency-based
approach
allows
for
the
implementation of personality-oriented learning in
pedagogical activity. In this approach, the following
competencies of the teacher should be formed:
➢
Methodological
competence:
designing,
planning the educational process, creating the content
of the lesson;
➢
Methodological competence: selection of
teaching methods, application of alternative strategies;
➢
Psychological competence: taking into
account age characteristics, understanding the
individual needs of students;
➢
Social competence: working in a team, being
effective in communication.
In the competency-based approach, the main focus is
not on the student's knowledge, but on the levels of
cognition,
understanding,
practical
application,
analysis, synthesis, and assessment. Teachers are also
trained based on this system.
Modern pedagogical technologies
The following modern technologies are widely used in
the training of future teachers:
Flipped Classroom
. In this model, the student comes to
the lesson ready: before the lesson, they study video
lessons or materials. In the lesson, practical exercises,
discussions, and assignments are carried out. The
teacher provides guidance.
STEAM education
. The STEAM (Science, Technology,
Engineering, Arts, Mathematics) approach is aimed at
developing students' interdisciplinary knowledge and
skills. Future teachers learn to design lessons in this
style. For example, in a simple mathematics lesson, the
element of art is combined with technological aspects.
Reflective approach
. Reflection is a thinking activity
necessary for the teacher to evaluate their own activity,
analyze and improve the results of the lesson. With this
approach, the teacher is constantly searching for their
methodology.
International Journal of Pedagogics
18
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
Figure 1. Structure of the competency-based approach model
Pedagogical practice is the main stage in preparing a
teacher for a real educational environment. The
following aspects make integration into practice
effective:
Microteaching: conducting and analyzing short,
focused lessons;
Observation: observation of lessons by experienced
teachers, keeping a reflective log;
Portfolio management: monitoring the teacher's
development
by
collecting
methodological
developments, lesson plans, and projects.
Modern ICT tools have become an integral part of the
educational process. The following are important in
teacher training:
Use of multimedia tools: presentations, animations,
audio/video materials;
Educational platforms: conducting distance learning
through Google Classroom, Moodle, Zoom, MS Teams;
Conducting interactive lessons through online testing
and assessment systems: Kahoot, Quizizz, Mentimeter.
Over the past five years, the number of primary school
teachers trained based on modern approaches has
increased dramatically:
Table 1.
Statistics of approaches to the training of primary school teachers (2020-2024)
Year
Traditional Approach
Modern Approach
2020
500
100
2021
520
180
2022
540
270
2023
530
390
2024
525
480
As can be seen, the number of teachers trained based
on modern approaches increased from 100 in 2020 to
480 in 2024. This indicates that educational institutions
are actively implementing new methods.
International Journal of Pedagogics
19
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
The application of modern approaches in the training
of future primary school teachers is necessary not only
for increasing the professional competence of
teachers, but also for improving the quality of
education. Through integrated learning, the use of ICT
tools, STEAM elements, and reflexive approaches, the
teacher consistently improves their pedagogical
activity.
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