No. 2 (2025) Economic Development and Analysis

This article is devoted to analyzing the modern role of Lloyd’s of London – the oldest and the biggest insurance marketplace in the world – in addressing current challenges and opportunities within the global insurance landscape. It examines the institution's historical evolution, its unique business model, and its capacity to adapt to emerging risks such as climate change and sustainability issues.

The ways of the process of subsidizing universities within the framework of state finances in direction to universities and students have been studied on the basis of many studies. This article analyzes the main trends in the organization of subsidizing higher education in Uzbekistan, in recent еars in the direction to universities and students. Based on the analyses and studies, conclusions and proposals were made to change the features and aspects of the main areas of subsidization.

From 2021 to 2024, the government allocated financial resources ranging from 330 billion to 560 billion UZS to support exporting enterprises. As a result of financial assistance aimed at increasing export potential, local products worth 14 billion USD were delivered to foreign markets. The article evaluates the impact of government-provided financial support on the export potential of enterprises operating in the Republic of Uzbekistan and analyzes the efficiency of the allocated funds.

Big Data plays a crucial role in the transformation of medical management by providing new opportunities for analyzing large volumes of data, predicting diseases, and optimizing healthcare decision-making. This article examines the fundamental principles of using Big Data in medical management, the impact of analytics on decision-making, and the challenges associated with processing medical information. The study analyzes modern approaches to integrating Big Data into medical information systems and managing healthcare resources. The prospects of using artificial intelligence and machine learning in medical analytics, as well as issues related to data security and standardization, are discussed.

In the current conditions of economic development, one of the important conditions for the functioning and innovative development of companies is an effective management system. The stability and competitiveness of operating companies directly depends on their management. The established corporate management in turn affects the position of the company in the market, the level of its modernization, digitization and directly the standard of living of the company's employees. Today, it is considered important how to organize a cost-effective and scientifically based way of assessing the quality of management of companies, as well as systematic work on improving the management system.

This article analyzes the results of the 'Participatory Budgetingʻ initiative implemented in Uzbekistan in 2024. Using correlation and regression analysis methods, the study examines the influence of socio-economic factors on public initiatives and successful projects. The significance of the initiative and its role in socio-economic development are highlighted.

This article examines the research of foreign and local economist scholars on tax collection in our country, and analyzes the tax collection indicators in Uzbekistan. Based on the analysis of tax collection indicators and the factors affecting them, relevant conclusions have been drawn.

This article analyzes the eco-energy resources of renewable energy sources, the potential for mitigating the consequences of climate change and costs, and analyzes Uzbekistanʼs climate change strategy, energy requirements and greenhouse effect, options for reducing emissions, and renewable technologies (solar, wind, bioenergy and hydropower).

The article describes the importance of non-governmental educational organizations in the national economy of the country, the socio-economic policy of the government in the development of these sectors, the tasks of organizations that control the quality of educational services provided by non-governmental organizations, as well as the current issues of accounting in non-governmental organizations engaged in educational activities.

The article provides an economic analysis of attracting foreign investment into the economy of our country, uses institutional factors in developing short- and long-term forecasts of foreign investment inflows, and uses indicators of the economic freedom index conducted by the Heritage Foundation to assess institutional factors.

Investment activities of insurance companies are important for ensuring financial stability and improving the economic condition of the enterprise. Such activities depend on risk management, ensuring liquidity, compliance with financial and economic systems, as well as technological innovations. At the same time, insurance companies strive to maintain their stability by diversifying investment activities, minimizing risks, ensuring liquidity and making decisions in accordance with strategic goals. The use of technology, the use of innovative analytical tools and adaptation to global economic conditions are important factors in their practice.

The article examines the processes of underwriting products by companies in the insurance services market based on the types of products. The features of underwriting are analyzed depending on the type of insurance products.

The article examines the need to create an effective mechanism for value-added taxation in the tax practice of New Uzbekistan, tasks, systemic problems and issues of their solution. The author’s approach to substantiating the theoretical and methodological content of the tax mechanism in the prospects of socio-economic development of the country is proposed, which made it possible to identify the essential features of taxation, its significance and factorial nature, and the multilevel structure of the state tax mechanism. The possibilities of creating an effective mechanism for value-added taxation in the tax system of the Republic of Uzbekistan have been studied, and recommendations have been developed.

The article presents the features of insurance in the tourism sector and the classification of risks faced by this industry. The conditions for providing insurance services in the tourism sector, types of insurance products, points of interaction between insurance and tourism activities, problems of joint activities and ways to overcome them, as well as development measures are analyzed.

The article explores the organizational and economic foundations of state support and development of small businesses in the trade sector. The study examines the role and importance of marketing research, conditions for small business development, and the factors influencing it. Proposals are developed for utilizing franchising and merchandising to foster small business growth and retain customers in trade. In this context, recommendations are provided for transitioning to a customer-oriented strategy.

This article investigates the advantages of results-oriented budgeting over other methods and examines the application of this method in practice. It has been proposed that the implementation of results-oriented budgeting should not be considered in isolation, but rather in the context of public expenditure management reform and, more broadly, within the framework of public sector reform, including civil service reform, institutional reform, and change management. The study explores the view that results-oriented budgeting represents a system of budget formation (and execution) that reflects the relationship between planned (implemented) budget expenditures and expected (achieved) results.

This article examines the key policy decisions related to the tax base and rates of real estate tax, as well as the important tax administration functions–valuation, calculation, and collection. It also focuses on reforming both the traditional annual property tax (levied on the assessed value of buildings and land plots) and transaction taxes (collected as a tax or state fee [stamp duty] upon the transfer of real estate ownership). The article provides proposals and recommendations for successfully implementing real estate tax reforms and improving tax administration. Based on the analysis of scholarly literature and international experience, detailed recommendations are offered on the practical aspects of reforming real estate taxes in Uzbekistan.

The article analyzes the reasons for the change in competition in the insurance sector, the emergence of channel and inter-market types of competition in addition to traditional competition, that is, inter-industry, sales channel and inter-type competition. Theoretical, economic and practical analyses of new types of competition emerging in the sector are presented.

The article considers theoretical approaches to the problem of determining the role of taxes in the formation of the state budget, and the ratio of direct and indirect taxes in taxation. A comparative analysis is carried out in order to determine their optimal ratio. At the same time, such areas of the economy as underground trade and catering, motor transport, housing construction, and repair, and the provision of housing services are studied, and scientific and practical conclusions and proposals are formed on foreign experience and its application in our country.