Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
129
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
129-134
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
ABSTRACT
This article describes the formation of motives of professional interest in elementary school students. Also, other
psychological characteristics and volitional qualities of elementary school students, problems of content creation and
their influence on the formation of motivation were discussed. The advantages of the development of motives of
professional interest of elementary school students are studied, suggestions and conclusions are made.
KEYWORDS
Motivation, professional interest, primary education, student, psychological factors, talent, creativity, orientation,
development.
INTRODUCTION
Since time immemorial, every Uzbek family has taken a
serious approach to raising children. Special attention
was paid to the guidance of children to professions,
and children were guided to professions from a young
age. Various methods were used in education to help
children acquire a profession from childhood and
thereby find their goals in life. The reforms being
carried out in the field of education today are aimed at
making the young people who are receiving education
grow up as well-rounded individuals. Early detection of
professional interests in elementary school students
and helping them develop is one of the important tasks
of professionals working in elementary schools. The
opinion of the leader of our state that "Education of
our children as independent-minded, modern
professions, with a strong life position, truly patriotic
Research Article
TECHNOLOGY OF FORMATION OF LEARNING MOTIVATION OF
STUDENTS IN PRIMARY SCHOOL READING CLASSES BY MEANS OF
INDEPENDENT WORK
Submission Date:
December 14, 2024,
Accepted Date:
December 19, 2024,
Published Date:
December 30, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/pedagogics-crjp-05-12-26
Turumbetova Aygul Yusupbayevna
Teacher of Nukus State Pedagogical Institute named after Ajiniyaz, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://masterjournals.
com/index.php/crjps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
130
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
129-134
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
people is a very important issue for us". It is important
to form motivations for choosing a profession in
students and to support them in choosing the right
profession. Especially in educational institutions, the
formation of professional interests and inclinations in
students requires some attention, attention and
observation from the teacher. It is important to
identify such students in the course of lessons and as a
result of our observations and develop their talents
and abilities. Every lesson process, events, and
independent tasks carried out by the pedagogue in the
course of the lesson served to reveal the student's
professional ability [2].
MАTЕRIАLS АND MЕTHОDS
Active educational activities conducted at the school
allow each student to develop their mental abilities
and, above all, logical thinking, independence of
thinking, resourcefulness, reasoning, intellectual
depth and self-confidence. They also help to develop
willpower, i.e. human qualities such as courage,
determination, self-discipline, self-confidence and self-
control. All of these qualities combine to ensure that
students are professionally qualified. The pedagogues
working in primary classes, in addition to teaching
students, guide students to the profession in this
process. Students grow up loving a profession from
childhood. He imagines himself in this profession and
lives with his dreams. The teacher has a great role in
ensuring the implementation of this vision and dream.
All the work of developing students' professional
interests in primary grades should serve students to
choose the right profession. There are criteria that
indicate the readiness of students to choose a
profession, and they are; cognitive, i.e. having
information, interest in the profession, are practical
criteria. We offer the following suggestions for the
further development of motives of professional
interest in elementary school students [3]:
1. Taking into account the individual characteristics of
the student in career guidance.
2. To achieve a complete understanding of the chosen
profession in the student.
3. Acquaint students with audio and video materials
related to various professions during the lesson
4. Organization of a profession corner in an
educational institution.
5. Organization of meetings with people who have
been providing worthy service to the country through
their profession.
RЕSULTS АND DISСUSSIОN
Any activity is characterized by its subject. It can be
seen that the subject of educational activity is a
generalized experience of knowledge separated into
separate subjects. But what kind of things is the child
changing? The paradox of educational activity is that
when acquiring knowledge, the child himself does not
change anything in this knowledge. The subject of
changes is the child himself as a subject performing this
activity. For the first time, the subject seems to change
itself [4].
Educational activity, this activity focuses the child on
himself, requires reflection, assessment of "what I
was" and "what I have become". The process of self-
transformation, self-reflection stands out as a new
subject for the subject. Therefore, any educational
activity begins with the assessment of the child. A well-
known sign is the assessment of the changes that
occur in the child. shape
Educational activities can be carried out only if the child
learns to control mental processes and behavior. This
allows you to subordinate your immediate "want" to
the required teacher, and school discipline contributes
to the "need" as a special, new quality of arbitrary
processes. It manifests itself in the ability to
consciously set appropriate goals and deliberately seek
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
131
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
129-134
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
and find means to achieve them, overcome difficulties
and obstacles.
The need for control and self-control, oral reports and
assessment requirements form the ability of junior
schoolchildren to plan and implement actions for
themselves during the internal plan. The need to
distinguish between thinking models and independent
attempts to form them implies the formation of the
ability of a junior school student to review and evaluate
his thoughts and actions from the outside. At the heart
of this skill is an important quality that allows you to
rationally and objectively analyze your judgments and
actions in terms of conformity to the concept and
conditions of the activity without reflection.
Arbitrariness, internal action plan and reflection are
the main neoplasms of primary school age. In addition,
all mental processes are restored and improved as part
of mastering educational activities.
Educational activity is a specific form of structurally
complex individual activity of a primary school student.
This structure contains:
1) learning situations (or tasks) - what the student
should master;
2) educational activity - changes necessary for the
student to master the educational material; what
should the student do to discover the characteristics of
the subject he is studying;
3) actions of self-control - this indicates whether the
student correctly performs the action corresponding
to the model;
4) actions self-esteem - to determine whether the
student has achieved the result or not.
Educational situations are characterized by some
features: 1) in them, the child learns general ways to
emphasize the features of concepts or to solve a
certain class of specific practical problems (emphasis
on the features of the concept is also a special type of
solving specific problems works as) 2) reproduction of
samples of these methods works as main goal
educational works. It is necessary to separate the
educational task from the specific practical task. For
example, a child can be challenged to learn a poem and
learn to memorize a poem. The first is clearly practical,
of which there are many in the child's preschool
experience, and the second is actually educational,
because it is a method of solving a whole class of
similar problems that have been mastered [5].
Children's work in educational settings consists of
various types of activities. Educational activities occupy
a special place among them, with the help of these
tools, children reproduce and learn examples of
general methods of solving problems and general
methods of determining the conditions of their
application. These actions can be performed both on
the objective and spiritual plane. Their composition is
heterogeneous: some educational activities are
characteristic for assimilating any educational material,
others for working on a specific educational material,
and others only for reproduction of individual samples.
A number of didactic studies carried out by pedagogic
scientists show that among the teaching factors that
increase the effectiveness of the educational process,
the factor of motivation for learning activities is in the
first place, that is, the effectiveness of education is 92%
as it depends on motivating learning activities. Anyone
who understands human nature even a little will admit
that this is not for nothing.
Motives are the main driving force of the didactic
process. The ability to learn, correctly apply and
correctly direct motivational motives determines the
main essence of the content of pedagogical activity.
Motivation - (from the Latin moveo - means to move,
to move) is the general name of processes, methods,
tools that direct students to effective educational
activities, active learning of the content of educational
material. Figuratively speaking, both the teacher and
the students hold the reins of motivation in their
hands. If we look at it from the point of view of
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
132
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
129-134
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
teaching activity, we can talk about motivation of
education, if we look at it from the point of view of
study activity, we can talk about motivation of
educational activity. Motivation is based on motives as
a process of changing the mental state and attitudes of
a person. Motive means a certain reason, motivation
that forces a person to perform this or that action.
Also, motive can be understood as the attitude of the
student to the subject of his activity. Motives can act in
the form of needs and interests, aspirations and
emotions, basic concepts and ideals. That is why
motives are a very complex structure, a dynamic
system in which alternatives, choices and decisions are
analyzed and evaluated. The study of motivation is one
of the central problems of didactics and pedagogical
psychology. Some progress has been made in this
regard, but a complete solution to the problem has not
yet been achieved. Due to the changeability, mobility,
variety of motives, it is difficult to determine their
specific structural structure, to determine specific
methods and means of management.
Motives present in the educational system can be
classified according to different criteria. According to
the type, social and cognitive motives differ. According
to the level, motives are divided into the following:
-
Broad social motives (duty, responsibility,
understanding of the social importance of
studying). First of all, it is determined by the
person's confirmation of his social status in society
through study.
-
Narrow social (or positional) motives (the desire to
occupy a certain profession in the future, to be
noticed by others, to be adequately rewarded for
one's work).
-
Motives of social cooperation (desire to interact
with others in various forms, to determine one's
position and place among the class team).
-
Motives of wide knowledge. Orientation according
to erudition is determined by the feeling of
satisfaction with the educational process and its
results. A person's educational activity takes a
leading place in his life activity.
-
Educational motivations (methods of acquiring
knowledge, orientation to mastering certain
educational subjects) [4].
-
Motives of independent education (direction to
acquire additional knowledge). In practical
pedagogy, these motives are combined into
separate groups according to their direction and
content:
1) social (socially valuable) motives;
2) knowledge motives;
3) motives of professional importance;
4) aesthetic motives;
5) communicative;
6) positional motives;
7) historical-traditional motives;
8) utilitarian-practical motives.[5]
Through this, it will be possible to once again reform
the student's professional decisions and help them to
get motivation for themselves. The motives of the
student's interest in the profession can be from his
parents, interest or imitation of people he likes around
him, movies he has seen or stories he has heard. These
psychological factors are the first impetus for the
formation of professional interest in students. The help
of pedagogues and psychologists is necessary to clarify
that this interest is the right choice for the child in the
future.
It would not be wrong to say that the reforms
implemented in the education system in our country
are not a work aimed at achieving results in one or two
years or in a short period of time, but in the real sense,
they are a change lasting several hundred years. This
shows that our president cares about our future, our
future generation, and the idea that all the children of
our country - my children, they should be stronger,
more educated and definitely happier than us - is a wise
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
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CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
129-134
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
policy. It is known that the implementation of
advanced
pedagogy
and
new
information
technologies in education not only increases the
effectiveness of training sessions, but also in the
education of an independent and logically thinking,
well-rounded and highly moral person by applying the
achievements of science in practice. is important.
Today, the interest in using interactive methods and
information technologies in the educational process is
increasing day by day. One of the reasons for this is that
until now, in traditional education, students were
taught only to acquire ready-made knowledge, and the
use of modern technologies allows them to search for
the knowledge they acquire, independent study and
thinking, analysis. even teaches them to draw their
own conclusions. In this process, the teacher creates
conditions for personal development, formation,
learning and upbringing, and at the same time
performs the functions of management and guidance.
Active use of advanced pedagogical technologies in
the educational process, improvement of educational
efficiency, analysis and introduction into practice is one
of the important tasks of today. It is extremely
important
to
develop
students'
thinking,
consciousness, worldviews, to turn them from free
listeners to free participants, because if students
become free participants during the lesson, they will
remember
more
information
and
have
an
understanding of its practical application. ladi The
teacher should be the leader in the lesson, and the
students should become participants. In order to
achieve this task, the superiority of innovative activity
has a multifaceted effect. Lessons organized on the
basis of pedagogical technologies should meet the
needs of the student according to organizational
methods and delivery methods. Because such lessons
are closer to the child's psyche. If the teacher arouses
the interest, desires and wishes of the students to learn
the learning materials and this becomes motivation for
the children, this will be the internal rapprochement of
the teacher and the students. no exaggeration.
In order to improve the quality and efficiency of
education, it is important to study foreign best
practices and introduce the requirements of
international standards. adoption of a government
decision on the organization of international studies.
As an example, the establishment of cooperation with
such a prestigious organization as the International
Association for the Evaluation of Educational
Achievements (IEA) can be cited. It is recommended to
use information and communication technologies (ICT)
in order to increase the intellectual potential of
students by teaching them to independently find,
process, and draw conclusions. ICT allows creating an
aesthetic and emotional environment with the help of
music and animation, providing a variety of exhibitions,
covering a large number of didactic materials,
performing a wide range of exercises, and working
individually with students. As a result, a friendly and
cooperative atmosphere is created in the classroom,
and the study and learning activities of boys and girls
accelerate.
СОNСLUSIОN
In conclusion, we can say that in the course of
educational institutions, students' interest in learning
develops in close connection with their interest in the
profession. Being able to determine the motivations of
professional interest of students in time, guiding them
to choose the right profession is the preparation of the
ground for the further development of the future of
our country. For this reason, it is important to develop
the motives of professional interest of elementary
school students. Educators definitely need the support
of a psychologist in the process of working with
students. There are some situations in the student that
prevent the development of talent. In such cases, the
educational processes carried out in cooperation will
Volume 05 Issue 12-2024
134
CURRENT RESEARCH JOURNAL OF PEDAGOGICS
(ISSN
–
2767-3278)
VOLUME
05
ISSUE
12
Pages:
129-134
OCLC
–
1242041055
Publisher:
Master Journals
bear fruit. Profession is a type of activity, field, craft of
human work that requires certain experience and
training. The profession is achieved through general or
specialized knowledge and practical experience.
Therefore, in the process of developing professional
interest in elementary school students, it is necessary
to be able to properly develop these types of activities
in students.
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