Energy service under restructuring of agro-industrial complex

Actuality and demand of the theme of dissertation. Present stage of social and economic development of the Republic of Uzbekistan reflects the nature and the depth of economic reforms in economic complex of the country, the state and prospects of formation of the structure of market relations objects, diversity of property forms, including agricultural sector.
Engineering provision of agro-industrial complex (AIC) presents a principal growth factor in agriculture. At the same time in transition period from planned economy to a market one the activity of farm producers was hampered by negative factors, occurring in technical maintenance and services. In addition, maintenance of electrical installations in agro-industrial complex is at a low level; certain forms of maintenance and repair works were lost due to the lack of spare parts and elements and high-quality professionals. For example, Association "Agropromcncrgo", being previously a reliable energy supplier for villages, for various reasons, has ceased its activities on repair and maintenance of complex electrical equipment and electrical installations.
Under these conditions of undergoing restructuring of some branches of economy, effective organization of energy service in agriculture would allow to reduce: - material consumption, necessary for repair and operation works; - energy intensity of production process due to organizational and technical measures; - and to ensure high-productive utilization of energy equipment and hence - effective use of labor resources.
All this gives us the grounds to consider scientific study in organization of energy service in conditions of restructuring and improvement of activity of AIC enterprises as actual and urgent one.
The demand in dissertational investigation is connected with the development of energy service enterprises which would carry out the works on repair and modernization with efficient use of electrical equipment in conditions of development of farming in Uzbekistan and organization of local small enterprises, private and other companies and firms with different forms of property. The system of energy service, regardless of the form of property and the type of activity of enterprise-consumer, provides design, installation, assembly and startup of energy equipment and realization of all necessary processes of its operation, beginning from the stage of equipment introduction into operation. This is expressed in fulfillment of reliable operation of electrical equipment, provision of its long-term exploitation and realization of the complex of organizational and technical measures to render technical maintenance and eliminate refusals in equipment operation as quick as possible.
This investigation has great importance in connection to the Guidelines and Recommendations of I.A.Karimov - the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, stated by him while visiting on 25th of October, 2006 an exhibition «Uzbekistan Agrominitech - 2006» in Uzexpocenter, specialized in mini-technologies and equipment for agriculture, and to the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № ПП 2343 on 5th of May, 2015 «On program of measures to reduce energy intensity, to implement energy-saving technologies in the areas of economy and social sphere in 2015-2019».
The aim of research - is to develop scientific and methodological practically important bases to improve efficiency and operational reliability of electrical equipment, methods and forms of organization of energy services in agricultural sector of AIC.
Scientific novelty of the research consists in the following:
features of energy service enterprises have been analyzed;
scientific methods and practically important bases to improve the efficiency and operational reliability of electrical equipment, energy services organization in AIC have been worked out;
advanced scientific and methodological bases of energy services in conditions of AIC restructuring have been developed;
location points and the structure of energy service enterprises have been substantiated
new results of experimental studies and estimation of financial efficiency of energy service enterprises in AIC sphere have been obtained;
financial problems of realization of worked out principles of energy service organization have been substantiated.
Conclusion
Theoretical generalizations and practical solutions of actual scientific-technical problem to substantiate organization bases of development of energy in agriculture and energy service in conditions of AIC restructuring arc fulfilled in the dissertation. On the basis of carried out complex of scientific investigations the following results have been obtained:
1. By analysis of functioning of fuel-energy complex and system of agricultural electrification it was stated that power supply of rural energy consumers has its specific features, namely: rural consumers have relatively small but different characteristics in capacity, load, they arc located from each other over long distances.
In conditions of market planning with diversity of ownership forms and management one of the most important reserve of higher efficiency of AIC is an organization of proper maintenance service in this sphere.
It is also shown that one of the most important reserve of AIC efficiency is an organization of proper energy supply service which should be complex and include technical, technological, economic, organization and staff components.
2. It is shown that theoretical and practical problems of electric equipment operation should cover its use, maintenance and repair, as well as organization of high productivity and mobile electric technical service. Here the most important issue is the choice of the form of organization of energy service in AIC, structure principles and the level of technical equipment of its enterprises, organized with consideration of world and domestic experience.
An original program of mathematical and computer modeling of energy service has been worked out, a certificate of the Republic of Uzbekistan № DGU 02848 on 20.11.2014 was received, which facilitated solution of practically important problems of modeling of energy service system.
3. Investigation of refusal occurrence in electrical system of AIC has shown that the need for a more thorough supervision of each element, and constant monitoring of its mode of operation is necessary. During normal operation the regularity of electric equipment cannot be violated as this is increasing the intensity of refusals and wear probability. Electric equipment should be directed for capital repair or taken out from operation at initial period of failure of wear detection.
4. It is stated that concentration of available means and staff in the system of energy service leads to reduction of maintenance duration; production capacity of energy service enterprises should correspond to load amount, which is proportional to a number of equipment units in maintenance zone and intensity of maintenance requests flow.
Efficiency of implementation of measures on energy service depends on reduction in cost prices due to true rate setting, provision of optimal modes of equipment operation.
5. It is shown that to account expenses in cost prices of energy service it is necessary to consider average distance of transportation and configuration of energy equipment, by introducing correction coefficient -r|T.
6. Optimal location of all sectors of energy service enterprises is defined; it should strictly correspond to technological process of service by accepted scheme of movements, including electric repair shops.
7. Parameters of functioning of energy service enterprises arc optimized in conditions of transition to market economic relations; this includes: - process and tariffs instability, - dimensions of farmer’s peasant’s and shirkat households, -characteristics of electric equipment operation in conditions of breaking up of large farms, - number and state of obsolete electric equipment, - occurrence of once-only cutoffs in the system of centralized power supply.
8. Worked out pilot project of organization of energy service enterprises is implemented into the management of agriculture and water resources in Tashkent region of the Ministry of Agriculture and Water Resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan (2013), and in machine-tractor fleet (MTF) of Karmanin, Kiziltepa, Navbakhor and Khatirchi districts of Navoi region (2009).
9. Carried out calculation of economic efficiency of investment project of organization of energy service has shown that in net discount profit (NDP) and in profitability index (PI) this project is profitable. Here profitability index is 4,278, the value of internal norm of profitability - 2,651 or 265,1%, payback time - 42 monds.
10. Worked out scientific methodical bases of energy service in AIC arc recommended for: the use in elaboration of scientific bases of prediction of power consumption; realization of organizational technical measures to increase an efficiency of utilization of energy resources, including renewable ones; development of scientific principles of application of automated systems of complex management by energy resources (ASCMER) in AIC spheres.
Total annual economic profit from implementation of study results, algorithms of software product and 9% increase in coefficient of readiness , 33% elimination of shutdowns due to two times limitation in duration of damaged equipment repair and due to increase in labor efficiency and labor resources economy is 142 million 91 thousand soum.
So, on the basis of theoretical generalization and practical realization, given in the dissertation, a major problem on efficiency increase in electric equipment operation has been solved; this problem has a considerable economic importance.