No. 1 (2005)

Research objects: cutting elements of excavating parts of earth-moving machines and open cut excavators;
The the work purpose: creating scientific principles of the wear theory of cutting elements and design constructor-technological determines on their base, which increase longevity of excavating parts of earth-moving machines.
Research methods: Were used biomechanical and mathematical modeling of wear-out process of cutting elements, their interactions with earth, were applied methods of the numerical analysis, scientific points of theories of friction and wear-out, prediction and statistical обработка got results. The experimental studies were conducted on stand and in natural condition with using the modem metrological equipment on standard methods and with using method of the planning the experiment.
The got results and their novelty: there were designed discrete phase dynamic model of earth cutting, which formalizes the process of chip forming, developments overtaking rifts and wear. Also there were offered method of determining optimal construction of cutting elements based on realization of biomechanical principles.
Practical value: Using the offered methods, algoritms and models can allow design and prediction of influence constructor-technological desicions to wear resistance of cutting elements during the project process. Based on biomechanical research it was designed optimal engineerings of cutting elements with increased wear resistance and produtivity. Were given rccomcndations on choosing wear resistant fillers.
The Degree of the introduction and cost-performance: Designed recommendations on increasing of longevity cutting organ землеройных of the machines arc introduced in концерне "Avtoyul", Navoiyskom is blazcd-mctallurgical combine (NGMK), trust "Tashgordorstroyrcmont", АООТ "Kurdish mechanization", "UZNIIPROCVETMET", JC "Specsplav", as well as in scholastic process. Expected economic effect from introduction result work in public facilities of the Republic Uzbekistan will form over 5,28 млрд bags (on condition on 2003).
The Application: road construction, agricultural, mining, machine building and scientific-research works.

Subjects of inquiry: scientific terms, used in texts on the Uzbek linguistics’ onomasiology.
The aim of the inquiry: investigation of linguistic specificity of terms of the Uzbek onomasiology, clearing out their role and place in the system of the Uzbek terminology, and their systematization, collection and regulation.
Methods of inquiry: descriptive, historical, synchronical and structural methods of analysis.
The achieved results and their novelty: for the first time analysis of the Uzbek onomasiology system of terminology has been investigated in the wide range, and its linguistic specificity, formation, origin and stages of the onomosiologic terms have been defined. As well, onomasiological terms were classified according to semantic and thematieal groups, and active and non-active models of the terminological system have been also defined. All-round analysis of such terms’ formation, grammatical structure, typical models, methods and ways forming such forms have been realized.
Practical value: scientific conclusions and results of the investigation enlarge and add to current theoretical viewpoints on linguistic specificity of the Uzbek scientific terminology; scientific points of view of the investigation may be of certain use and be applied while compiling text-books and manuals on Uzbek lexicology and terminology.
Degree of embodiment and economic effectiveness: 10 papers and thesises were published, and a number of reports were made on different level scientific-theoretical conferences.
Sphere of usage: lexicology, terminology, onomasiology, Word-formation, education process

Subjects of the inquiry: 86 patients with intracerebral haemorrhages of non- traumatic etiology.
Aim of the inquiry: to improve forecasting and results of treatment of patients with intracerebral haemorrhages of non-traumatic etiology.
Methods of inquiry: neurologic, neuroophthalmologic, laboratory, neurophysiologic (EchoEG, EEG), ultrasonic (transcranial dopplerography and neurosonography) and neuroradiological (a computer tomography and cerebral angiography).
The results achieved and their novelty: the method of mathematical forecasting of treatment results of non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhages is developed and applied in clinical practice. It has allowed to lower sad statistics of lethality. The estimation of results of treatment of non-traumatic intracerebral haemorrhages is carried out at conservative treatment as well as operative intervention by the standard method via performance of traditional craniotomy and by puncture. It has allowed to improve the differentiated approach in a choice of treatment method, definition of indications to each method.
Practical value: the data received has allowed to carry out adequate treatment depending on localization and sizes of haemorrhage, a degree of weight of patients. Use and introduction of a method of interoperating ultrasonic navigation at removal of intracerebral haematomas has allowed to carry out the control over completeness of removal of haematoma during operation, thus to reduce postoperative complications.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: main provisions of disserta-tional work are used in educational process at teaching on faculty of Neurosurgery of the First Tashkent State Medical Institute. The computer program of on forecasting treatment results of intracerebral haemorrhages is introduced into clinical work of the Republican Scientific Centre of Neurosurgery.
Sphere of usage: neurosurgery.

Objects of the inquiry: pharmaceutical market of the Republic of Uzbekistan, false medicinal agents, national regulation service of drug circulation, counterfeited medicinal agents of the antibiotics group.
Aim of the inquiry: development of complex system measures directed to the prevention of importation and distribution of non-standard and counterfeited drugs in the Republic of Uzbekistan for provision of population with qualitative and safe medicinal agents.
Method of inquiry: complex, system, physico-chemical analysis, TLC, HPLC, IR-spectroscopy and specific qualitative reactions.
The results achieved and their novelty: complex analysis of the state of drugs regulation service has been carried out; falsified drugs classification has been determined too; the problem of revealing counterfeited drugs in the Republic of Uzbekistan was solved; high sensitive and express-methods of analysis were developed for identification of the falsified medicinal agents of antibiotics group; the appropriate definitions on the counterfeited drugs were suggested for introducing some changes to the acting Law in the Republic of Uzbekistan “On medicinal agents and Pharmaceutical activities"; additional measures on setting penalty were provided and the program for medical-sanitary education for all levels of drug circulation was recommended as well.
Practical value: the developed methodical recommendations on the further improvement of the identification methods of falsified drugs and provision of the population with qualitative and safe medicinal agents were directed to the Ministry of Health; to leaders of regional administrations, wholesale pharmaceutical enterprises and other participants of the pharmaceutical sector for introduction to practice.
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: methodical recommendations were introduced to the educational process of the Pharmaceutical Institute as well as they were recommended to the medical and pharmaceutical collaborators of treatment-and-prophylactic, pharmaceutical institutions, control analytical laboratories and representative test centers dealing with drug quality control and certification in the Republic of Uzbekistan for use in experimental works as a manual while revealing falsified drugs.
Sphere of usage: Pharmacy organizing, Pharmaceutical chemistry (Pharmacy) and Pharmacology (medicine).

Объект исследования: напряженное состояние и износ материала колесных пар локомотивов.
Цель работы: Создание научных основ моделирования взаимодействия и износа колес локомотивов с рельсами , эксплуатируемых на железных дорогах ГАЖК «Узбекистан темир йўллари».
Метод исследования: В работе использованы методы теории колебаний , контактных напряжений и решений систем уравнений в частных производных, выведенных на основе функционала Остроградского-Гамильтона. Для решения уравнений использовались методы осреднения по Бубнову - Галеркину и операционного исчисления по Карсону -Хевисайду.
Получение результаты и их новизна:
- научный метод оценки динамического контактного нагружения материала колесных пар локомотивов при движении и соударениях с рельсами на прямых и кривых участках пути;
- модель колебаний идеального экипажа локомотива в кривых участках рельсового пути;
- модель силового нагружения материала бандажей колесных пар локомотивов с учетом явления их объемного и плоского сжатия;
- модель оценки закономерности изменения температурных полей и напряжений в материале колесных пар локомотивов в условиях эксплуатации и при восстановлении наплавкой поверхностей гребней колесных пар;
- модель и методика расчетной оценки износа поверхностей бандажей колесных пар локомотивов при движении на прямых участках рельсового пути и в кривых.
- новый профиль бандажа колесной пары локомотива, обеспечивающий больший срок эксплуатации бандажей и обеспечивающий условия безопасности движения;
Практическая значимость : Работа выполнена по планам ГКНТ РУз. 1Ф.2.10 , грантам №55-00 , 80-04 УзФПФИ и заказам Управления эксплуатации локомотивов ГАЖК “Узбекистан темир йыллари” Материалы диссертации используются в работе научно-исследовательских и проектных организаций железнодорожного транспорта (ВНИТИ), в вузах при подготовке специалистов по проектированию и эксплуатации подвижного состава железных дорог, Степень внедрения и экономическая эффективность:
Разработан и испытан новый профиль бандажа колесной пары локомотива, позволяющий повысить срок полезного использования в 1,5-1,8 раза по сравнению со стандартным и получить экономический эффект 116018560 сум., разработана методика и инструкция по контролю износа в материале бандажей колесных пар локомотивов в условиях ГАЖК “Узбекистан темир йўллари”, утвержденная Государственной Инспекцией по надзору за безопасностью железнодорожного транспорта “УЗГОСЖЕЛДОРНАДЗОР”, материалы диссертации внедрены во Всероссийском научно-исследовательском институте тепловозов и путевых машин , а также используются в учебном процессе вузов.
Область применения: Подвижной состав железнодорожного транспорта.

Subjects of the inquiry: formation of Islamic law, its development, sources, schools, Hanafi madhhab and the role of Central Asian faqihs in its development.
Aim of the inquiry: scientifically define basics of Islamic law and terms of fiqh, thoroughly examine the personality of Imam Azam Abu Hanifa and his disciples, observe the works of faqihs of Mavarounnahr.
Method of the inquiry: historical, comparative, systematic and logical methods, awarding to the altemal-juridical methods and principles used in researching the heritage of Eastern ancestors.
The results achieved and their novelty': for the first time the formation of Islamic law and its development stages, basic terms and sources were observed basing on essential sourses and manuscripts; specialities of sunni and shia directions were shown; examining life of Imami A'zam Abu Hanifa and his masters, disciple and their works on Islamic law have been examined; spreading of Hanafi Madhhab in the Central Asia and its development in this area has been researched; life of Burhaniddin Marghinani and his scientific approaches to the issues, methods and his main book “Al-Hidaya” as well as other works have been researched by whole complex; followers of Burhaniddin Marghinani, Central Asian fuqaha and their role and contributions in the development of Hanafi madhhab have been classified and conducted researches in terms of regional principle; many commentary devoted to primary literatures of Central Asian fuqaha and representatives of Hanafi madhhab that have been written in the various period arc given.
Practical value: It is possible to use information in this research work for preparing educational and methodological syllabus, supplies and textbooks those to be used in curriculum of universities and scientific articles on Islamic law in the future.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: certain parts of the research have been presented in several international conferences and symposiums. The conclusion and main provisions of the dissertation are beneficial and effected on the published textbook of the author “Islamic law, Hanafi madhhab and Central Asian Fuqaha”, research works which have been conducting by scientific staffs of groups “Fiqh Studies and the role of Scholars of Mavaraunnahr in the development of Islamic law” and “Methodology of Islamic law” at Islamic Scientific Research Centre at Tashkent Islamic University.
Sphere of usage: scientific research, teaching process, juridical and implementation practice. The results of dissertation may have an effective role in learning and analyzing Islamic law, Comparative law, theory of State and Law, the History of Uzbekistan’s State and Law, the History of State and Law of Foreign Countries and other fields as well.

Subject of the inquiry: process of teaching astronomy in the system of continuous education.
Aim of the inquiry: revealing the contents of astronomy and methods of its teaching in the system of continuous education, humanization of astronomy teaching process.
Methods of inquiry: analysis of methodological, philosophical, didactic and methods of teaching literature, and contents of teaching programs, textbooks and manuals of astronomy; differentiated and integrative humanitarian approach to structuring contents of astronomy for different stages of teaching; system and generalizing methods of pedagogical experience of national and foreign pedagogues and methodologists on the problem.
The results achieved and their novelty: contents of astronomy in the system of continuous education, programs, textbooks and manuals for different stages of educational establishments were worked out; peculiarities of teaching astronomy in the system of continuous education arc defined; basic approaches to humanitarian astronomical education arc revealed.
Practical value: methodological ways and approaches, didactic system and principles worked out by the author may be used while compiling the new generation of teaching programs, textbooks and teaching aids.
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: compiled on the basis of the contents of astronomy for secondary general, secondary special and professional education and for higher pedagogical educational establishments teaching programs and appropriate textbook "Astronomy" for lyceums and colleges and the "Manual in astronomy" for the secondary schools arc currently in use.
Sphere of usage: the results of the research arc to be used in the teaching process of primary, general educational and secondary general school, secondary special and professional school, the higher pedagogical educational establishments of the Republic.

Тадқиқот объектн: Ўспиринларни диагностика қилиш ва хулқидаги нуқсонларни коррекциялаш орқали уларда ахлоқий фазилатлар: мехрибонлик, тўғрисўзлик, адолатпарварлик, матонат, шижоаткорлик, хушмуомалалик ва шу каби хислатларни ўстириш жараёни.
Тадқиқот максадн: ўспиринларнинг тарбияланганлик даражасини диагностика қилиш орқали уларнинг хулқини коррекциялаш йўллари, воситаларини аниқлаш.
Тадқиқот методлари: аналитик обзор, педагогик-психологик,сухбат, кузатиш, қиёслаш, ёшлар жамоасинн, таълим масканлари хужжатларини тахдил қилиш,оилалардаги муҳитни аниқлаш, гурухдардаги микромуҳитни ўрганиш,сўровнома, тестлар, интервью, социометрия, эксперимент-тажриба, математик-статистик тахлил.
Олинган натижалар ва уларнинг янгилнги:
1. Ўспиринларнинг тарбияланганлик даражасини диагностика қилиш ва хулқидаги нуқсонларни коррекциялашнинг шарт-шароитлари аниқланди, самарадорлигини оширишга хизмат қилувчи омиллар белгиланди.
2. Ўспиринларнинг тарбияланганлик даражасини диагностика килиш ва хулқидаги нуқсонларни коррекциялаш кўлами ва унинг самарали натижаси экспериментал равишда тасдиқланди.
3. Ўкув муассасаларида таҳсил олаётган ўспиринларнинг тарбияланганлик даражасини диагностика қилиш ва хулқидаги нуқсонларни коррекциялашнинг мазмуни, шакли, восита ва усуллари хамда уларнинг тизими такомиллаштирилди.
4. Ёшларни маънавий-маърифий тарбиялашга йўналтирилган илмий-методик тавсиялар, ўқув қўлланмалар, маълумотномалар, дарсликлар ишлаб чиқилди.
Тадқиқотнинг амалий ахамиятн: Тадқиқот натижалари ижтимоий педагогика, оила педагогикаси соҳаларидаги билимларни бойитишга хизмат килади.
Тадбиқ этиш даражаси ва нктисодий самарадорлиги: Педагогик ташхислаш ва коррекциялаш марказлари фаолиятида, махаллаларда ва бевосита ўспиринлар тарбияси билан боғлик бўлган мутасадди ходимлари ва ижтимоий педагоглар фаолиятида соглом турмуш тарзини таргиб этишда унумли фойдаланилди ва таълим-тарбия жараёнига тадбиқ этилди.
Қўлланнш сохаси: олий ва ўрта махсус таълим муассасаларининг таълим-тарбия жараёнида фойдаланиш мумкин.

Subjects of the inquiry: State diagrams of Mg3(PO4)2 - Са5(РО4)зҒ, Mg3(PO4)2-CaAbSi2Os and Mg3(PO4)2-Ca5(PO4)3F-CaAbSi2Os systems; glass and glass-ceramics of Mg3(PO4)2—Ca5(PO4)3F, Mg3(PO4)2—CaAl2Si2Os and Mg3(PO4)2-Ca5(PO4)3F-CaAbSi2Os systems; biocompatibility of glass-ceramics; bioglass-ccramic coatings of mctal-ccramics, bioglass-ccramic bone implants, allcast bioglass-ccramic denture, glaze of prosthetic dentistry articles.
Aim of the inquiry: Aim of research was to accomplish scientific approach to selection of compositions of bioglass-ccramics for orthopedic and prosthetic dentistry and technological basis of synthesis of biocompatiblc glass-crystal materials.
Method of inquiry: Hard-phase synthesis, static method of determination of phase equilibriums, crystal-optical analysis, X-ray-phase analysis, electronmicroscope analysis, electron-probe microanalysis, differential-thermal analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: Phase equilibriums in Mg3(PO4)2-Саз(РО4)зҒ, Mg3(PO4)2—CaAl2Si2O8 and Mg3(PO4)2—Са5(РС>4)зҒ—CaAbSi2Os systems were researched for the first time. Areas of glass formation and crystallization ability of glasses in researched systems were determined. Interconnection between composition-structurc-propcrty of glasses and glass-ceramics was investigated, which allowed to determine concentration borders of optimal compositions of glass-ceramic materials, theoretically explain and experimentally prove capability to directly control properties and structure of glass-ceramics. Glass-crystal materials on the basis of Mg3(PO4)2-Ca5(PO4)3F, Mg3(PO4)2-CaAbSi2Ox and Mg3(PO4)2-Ca5(PO4)3F-CaAbSi2Os systems were researched on compatibility with living organism. Conditions for synthesis of bioglass-ccramics for prosthetic surgery and dentistry were developed. Structural-controllcd synthesis of bioglass-ccramic coating for mctal-ceramics was developed. Glazes for prosthetic dentistry articles were developed.
Practical value: Regularities of adjustment of phase transitions in Mg3(PO4)2-Ca5(PO4)3F, Mg3(PO4)2-CaAl2Si2O8 and Mg3(PO4)2-Ca5(PO4)3F-CaAl2Si2O8 systems were determined, which allowed to develop compositions for obtaining bio-glass-ceramic articles for prosthetic surgery and dentistry. Technology for obtaining bioglass-ccramic articles for orthopedic surgery of dense and porous structure was developed. Compositions and technology of obtaining bioglass-ccramic dentures - all-cast and metal-ceramic articled with quality compatible with foreign analogues - were developed for the first time in Uzbekistan.
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: Results of clinical test of patients, under observation from 1 to 10 years allow to recommend bioglass-ccramics on the basis of Mg3(PO4)2-Ca5(PO4)3F, Mg3(PO4)-CaAl2Si2O8 and Mg3(PO4)2-Cas(PO4)3F-CaA12Si2Oi{ systems for usage in jaw-face surgery departments of medical facilities in Uzbekistan and organization of industrial production of bioglass-ccramics for orthopedic surgery. Technical conditions for “Biositall” bio-compatiblc glass-crystal material were developed. Clinical tests of bioglass-ccramic dentures - all-cast and metal-ceramic articles were started in the premises of prosthetic dentistry department of 1st Tashkent State Medical Institute. It is necessary to continue clinical tests of bioglass-ccramics for prosthetic dentistry in order to determine long-term results, which allow recommend organization of industrial production. Obtained results may serve as commercial product for usage in treatment and service centers of prosthetic surgery and dentistry.
Sphere of usage: Medicine.

Object of the inquiry: The activity of military woman serving in the military forces of the republic of Uzbekistan.
Aim of the inquiry: Observing social philosophical features of military forces feminization and using a new approach forming military-professional qualities of military woman during their military trainings, creating a methodology of military-professional choice and creating conception of efficiency of military woman activity, researching the conditions and problems of military woman and investigating ways of solving them from social philosophical point of view.
Methods of the inquiry: objectiveness, analysis and synthesis, system approach, deduction, learning the events in their historical development, content analysis, conversation, observation, learning the results of activity.
The results achieved and their novelty: philosophical approach has been made to the process of feminization of military forces; ethno genesis of woman participation in their military activity has been researched; the social mechanism of the military feminization has been created; the values of military woman have been determined; the methods of achieving the efficiency of military woman have been learned; the ways of solving the problems of military woman have been showed; a military professional conceptions for military forces has been created; advices on forming the gender culture of military forces have been given; important professional qualities of the military have been determined; a military professional choice methodology has been suggested; special recommendation on solving the problems of military woman in their work have been worked out; a new approach has been made to the management of military collectives.
Practical values: results of the work and the scientific methodical recommendations can be realized in all the spheres linked to the activity of woman (woman committees, funds, education agitation centers), in enterprises related to military education like “falsafa”, “methods of upbringing”, “manaviat asoslari”; besides they can be realized in the courses of “Social psychology” in learning the problems of society and a person and collective. The results of the dissertation can be used in working with military people and their families. The materials of the dissertation can be useful in creating workbooks and guides for military school, methodical recommendations and various documents. The results of the work have been used in the professional psychological choosing centers of the staff, main office of the Minister of defense of the Republic of Uzbekistan. And the materials were realized in the chair of social sciences of Samarqand military automobile engineering high school in 2000-2002 (in teaching courses of philosophy and social psychology); besides the results were used in seminar training of officers in the Minister of Defense in Tashkent in 2003.
Degree of introduction and economic affectivity. Sphere of usage: educational work in the system of military forces, the courses of military behavior and military vocational training, prequalification courses, working with military people and with their family in holding different ceremonies; the activity of officers’ houses.

Object of research: The central bank and large commercial banks of Republic of Uzbekistan
The purpose of work: to open the essence of basic problems related with activization of banks in deepening agrarian reforms and to develop practical suggestions and recommendations in solving these problems.
Method of research: systematic approach, structural and comparative analysis, method of a statistical grouping etc.
Obtained results and their novelty:
- objective necessity of deepening agrarian reforms, interrelation of commercial banks with this process, increase of bank activization are proved;
- The basic tendencies in the field of activization of banks in process of deepening the agrarian reforms are determined;
- particular suggestion on development of the prcvclagcd crediting mechanism of farms is developed;
- particular measures to develop payment system of banks of the agricultural enterprises are developed and are proved.
The practical importance: some offers and recommendations of the research can be applied for developing the system of crediting of the agricultural enterprises.
Level of implementation and economic efficiency: particular offers and recommendations developed as a result of research are successfully applied in activity of commercial banks in developing the system of bank services to the agricultural enterprises.
Sphere of application: banks system.

Subjects of the inquiry: ammonium, sodium of rodanides, chlorates of sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphates of mono-, di- and thrcctanolammonium.
Aim of the inquiry: a physical-chemical substantiation and development of the basic technological circuit of reception with an establishment of optimum parameters of manufacture effective and softly working new defoliants on a basis chlorates of sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphates of mono-, di- and thrcctanolammonium, CMD.
Method of inquiry: visual - polithcrmic, chemical, radiographic, IR-spcctroscopic, dcrivatographic analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: the author for the first time carries out regular researches using the method of solubility. Scientific data on solubility and character of firm phases in 11 systems consisting of water, chlorates of sodium, calcium, chloride -chlorate magnesium, rodanides of sodium and ammonium, phosphates of mono-, di- and thrcctanolammonium arc received.
It is revealed, that between components of systems there arc exchange reactions to formation of chlorates of ammonium, mono-, di-and thrcathanolamines, rodanides of sodium, magnesium and little soluble salts of phosphates of calcium and magnesium.
The optimum technological parameters of manufacture liquid highly effective defoliants arc established.
Practical value: technologies of reception new highly effective soft action defoliants of cotton arc created. The basic technological circuits of reception effective liquid defoliants arc offered.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the offered technologies arc tested on the integrated laboratory installation and operating time of their experimental batches of defoliants. The experiments on the fields have shown their high efficiency and "softness" of action on plants. The processing of 1 ha by offered defoliants is 2508 sum cheaper in comparison with liquid chlorate magnesium defoliant.
Sphere of usage: the enterprise of the State joint-stock company "Uzkimyosanoat", agriculture.

Subjects of the investigation: As objects of the study arc take different types of the agricultural products. In particular: apricot, peach; the melon; the onion and etc.
Aim of investigation: Purpose of dissertation work is a modeling and optimization of the technological processes of the drying of fruit of agricultural cultures and working out on this base high effective energy saving installation and device.
Method of investigation: For aims of intensification of processes of the drying of fruit and vegetables is motivated prospects and practicability of the use of untraditional ways of supply of energy radiation in infrared range. To the execution of the work arc attracted methodology of the system analysis of complex heat - and mass exchange processes. At study of the kinetics of the drying and motivation of mode regulations of technological parameters of dry installations methods of mathematical and computer modeling and multy levelled optimization arc used. The experimental studies were run for laboratory, semi industrial and industrial dry installation. In process of the execution of dissertation work personal computers (Pentium-IY) and programmer complex MATLAB arc broadly used.
The achieved results and their novelty': In thesis it is designed methodology of modelling and calculation of the process of the drying on base of the determination of the distribution parameter on as layer of drying material unlike usual calculation, where process of the drying is produced by determinations of average importance’s of moisture and temperature of the product. Thereby, analysis and syntheses of the process of the drying the products is realized on one level deeper. In work it is motivated methodology of the multistage system analysis of complex heat mass exchange processes of the conversion of the fruit crops by way to decompositions of the system of the dry unit on functional subsystems and etc. The methodology of computer modelling of the process of the drying is designed, which allows to define the regularities of running of processes of the displacement of moisture and heats as on layer of drying material, so and at time. The methodology to layered optimization of the process of the drying of the fruit crops is designed. It has allowed to define the optimum processes for event IK- pre-processing and IK-convectivc drying of the fruit crops and develop the high effective drying devices.
Practical value: On base of executed complex of theoretical and experimental studies a new decision of the actual research problem, having important economic importance and concluding in essential increasing of efficiency of the dry installation is received. The offered decision of the problem is called to create the scientific base for computer aided design of high effective technologies of the drying of agricultural products and its apparatus of the registration.
The optimum modes of the process of infra red convective of the drying of fruit and vegetables is revealed.
Method of infra red convective and vacuum drying with preliminary infra red processing of the products is offered. Impulses mode of infra red preprocessing materials vegetable origin is motivated.
Method of the engineering calculation of the dry installation and systems of energy transmission is worked out.
Degree of introduction and economical effectiveness: On base of results of theoretical and experimental studies experienced-industrial of infra red convective dry installation, introduced in Joint-stock company “Opptorg” of SHahrisabzs region of Kashka-Daya viloyat (2001-2002) is designed. Test of infra red vacuum dryer in Joint-stock company "Tabiat sahovati" of Bukhara is held. The Total economic effect from introducing the installation with capacity 1,5-2 ton. on raw material, as well as the realization of one developments and recommendations of dissertation work forms 14,3 million sums a year. Expected economic effect on Republic forms beside 140 million sums.
The Results of theoretical and experimental studies, as well as designed (infra red convective and vacuum) drying installation arc used in research works and in educational process Bukhara technological institute of food and industry and Tashkent chemical technological institute in preparing bachelors and masters.
Sphere of usage:
The Results of the scientific studies arc applying in food industry, in particular in tin and processing branches of production.

Мавзунинг долзарблиги. Узбекистан мустақил бўлгач, жадал ривожланиш, давлат ва ижтимоий ҳаётининг барча сохаларини тубдан ўзгартириш, бозор муносабатига ўзига хос йўл танлаб, босқичма-босқич ўтиш тамойилини тутди.
Халқ хўжалигининг барча тармоқлари фаолияти янги босқичига ўтишни ўзаро манфаатдорлик, ташқи иқтисодий алоқалар асосида кўрмокда. Хорижий мамлакатлар билан иктисодий ва сиёсий алокаларнинг жадал ривожланаётган шу даврида республика автотранспорт сохаси тараққиёти мухим ахамиятга эта.
Давлатимиз рахбарияти ва президентимиз автомобилсозликни ривожлантириш ва транспортдан самарали фойдаланиш масалаларига катта эътибор бермокдалар.
Шу мақсадда Республикамизда бир катор автомобил компаниялари барпо қилиниб, уларнинг ишга туширилиши Узбекистан халқининг мухим ютукларидан биридир. Андижоннинг Асака шаҳрида "УзДЭУ авто Со" компаниясида сигил автомобилларнинг ишлаб чиқарила бошлаши Узбекистан аҳолисининг транспорт мустақиллигига эришишига олиб келибгина колмай, Республикамизни автомобил ишлаб чикарувчи стакчи давлатлар билан бир қаторда туришига имкон яратади. Албатта, бундай холат, бир томондан аҳолининг моддий, маданий бойлигини оширади, унинг транспорт воситаси хизматига бўлган талабини кондириб, турмуш фаолиятида бир катор кулайликлар яратса, иккинчи томондан снгил автомобилларга техник хизмат кўрсатиш (ТҲК), таъмирлашлар, ёнилғи- мойлаш махсулотлари, эҳтиёт қисмлари ва бошқалар билан таъминлаш каби бўлган ишларга эхтиёж орттиради.
ТҲК ва таъмирлаш ишларини бажариш учун автомобил эксплуатацияси давридаги умумий харажатлар ичида асосий кисмини, яъни 90 % га якинини ташкил этади. Мсхнат сарфини олиб ҳарасак, автомобилнинг хизмат даврида ТҲК ва таъмирлаш ишлари учун кстган меҳнат сарфи 96,5... 98,5 % ташкил этади.
Демак, автомобилларни самарали ишлатиш учун автомобилларни мунтазам равишда ташхислаш ва ўз вактида носозликларни бошланишидаёк бартараф этиш ксрак бўлади. Ватанимизда ишлаб чиқарилаётган автомобилларимиз жахон бозорида ўз ўрнига эга бўлиши учун уларнинг конструкцией ва эксплуатацион ишончлилиги халқаро стандартларга тўла жавоб берадиган даражада бўлиши зарур.
Республикамиз худуди ўзига хос иқлим ва йўл шароитларига эга бўлганлиги сабабли, автомобилларнинг эксплуатацией ишончлилиги мўтадил иқлим ва йўл шароитига нисбатан бир капча пасаяди, чунки Ватанимиз худуди қуруқ иқлим шароити, то\ли зоналари, чўл зоналаридан иборат бўлганлиги, хаво босими ва хароратининг ксскин ўзгариши ва энг асосийси хаво таркибида чанг миқдорининг кўплигидир. Чанг таркибидаги абразив зарралар автомобил деталлари ейилишини жадаллаштиради ва бунинг оқибатида уларнинг эксплуатацион ишончлилиги пасаяди. Шунингдек, абразив зарралар сую клик ва хаво билан бирга ишчи органлар ичига тушиб, уни ишдан чиқишини тезлаштиради. Шундай килиб Республикамиз иқлим ва йўл шароитида “Тико”, “Дамас” ва “Матиз” автомобилларининг эксплуатацион ишончлилигини таъминлаш учун махсус тадқиқот ишларини амалга оширишни такозо этади.
Рсспубликамизда автомобиллар ишончлилигини тадқикотлаш ишлари талаб даражасида эмас, чунки автомобил ишлаб чикариш мустақиллик даврига тў\ри келиб, энди ривожланмоқда. Рсспубликамизда бир қатор олимлар бу йўналишда илмий-тадқиқот ишлари олиб боришган ва олиб бормокдалар. Булардан: академик О.В.Лебедсв, профессор С.М.Қодиров, К.Х.Махкамов, доцент Я.П.Назаркулов, аспирант Б.Қаюмов, магистрант О.Эргашев ва бошқаларни кўрсатиб ўтиш мумкин. Бу сохадаги мавжуд илмий изланишлар натижалари замонавий автомобиллар, жумладан, “Тико”, “Дамас” ва “Матиз” автомобиллари эксплуатацион ишончлилигини бахолашда етарли имкон беради. Лскин ушбу автомобиллар ИЁДларини ташхислаш бўйича етарли маълумотлар камлик қилади, шунингш учун бу борада илмий-тадқиқот ишларини тезлаштириш зарур.
Тадқиқотнинг максади ва вазифалари. Ушбу илмий тадқиқот ишларини бажаришдан максад, Узбекистан Республикасининг иқлим ва йўл  шароитларини хисобга олган холда, “Тико”, “Дамас” ва “Матиз” автомобилларининг ИЁДларини ташхислаш бўйича маълумотлар тўплаш ва унга таъсир этувчи етакчи омилларни аниқлаш асосида илмий ва амалий тавсиялар ишлаб чиқишдир. Бу изланиш ва тавсияларнинг умумий мазмуни ва йўналиши қуйидагилардан иборат бўлади:
1. Узбекистоннинг турли иқлим ва йул шароитларида “Тико”, “Дамас” ва “Матиз” автомобиллари ИЁДларининг ишдан чикиши ва унинг сабабларини аниқлаш.
2. “Тико”, “Дамас” ва “Матиз” автомобилларининг ИЁДларини ташхислаш йўллларини аниклаш.
3. “Тико”, “Дамас” ва “Матиз” автомобилларининг ИЁДларини ташхислаш эвазига автомобилларнинг ёнил\и тсжамкорлигини ошириш.
Тадқиқотнинг илмий янгилиги. Изланиш ва тажрибалар шуни кўрсатдики, шу пайтгача автомобил ИЁДлари бирор носозликка учраб, улар тўхтаб қолганда, ишлаганда ҳам ночор ишлаганда, ёки улардан бирор бир ўзгача шовқин эшитилгандагина уларга ташхис қўйилар эди. Дархақиқат, уларни носозликка учрашининг бошланғич босқичларида ташхислаб ўтирилмас эди, балки навбатдаги ТҲКда рсжалаштирилган ишларни бажариш билан кифояланар эди. ТҲКларда эса ташхислаш рсжалаштирилмаган эди. Мазкур магистрлик дисссртациясининг илмий янгилиги- автомобил ИЁДлари ишлатилаётган, ёки уларга навбатдаги ТҲК пайтларида келгусида авж олиши кутилаётган носозликларни бошлангич боскичларидаёк аниқлаб бсришга мўлжалланган замонавий электрон ташхислаш воситасининг конструкциясини яратилиши ва унинг ёрдамида ИЁДда содир бўлаётган кимёвий ва иссиқлик жараёнларининг миқдорий катталикларини аниқлаш имкониятини мужассам этишдир.
Диссертация ишининг илмий янгилиги қуйидаги натижаларда акс этади:
Ҳозирги мавжуд ташхислаш воситалари замонавий автомобиллар учун тўғри келмайди, бунинг сабаби- улар асосан ИЁД бирор носозликка учрагандан сўнг уни аниклаш учун қўлланилади. Мазкур магистрлик дисссртациясининг вазифаси- ИЁДларини ишлатиш мобайнида ишончлилигини тадқиқотлаш, таҳлил этиш ва бошкариш учун ташхислашнинг янги самарали усул ва техник воситаларини топишдир.
ИЁДларининг ишончлилик кўрсаткичларини, иш жараёнида носозликка учрашини физик ва тасодифий хусусиятларини ташхислаш эвазига уларнинг кўрсаткичларини дунё ва Европа андозаларига етказиш Узбекистан автомобилсоз олимларнинг асосий мақсадидир.
Мазкур магистрлик дисссртацияси хам шу асосий мақсадни рўёбга чикаришга бир оз бўлсада ҳисса қўшишга бағишланган бўлиб, бунда бажариладиган ишларнинг асосий мақсади ва вазифалари қуйдагилардан иборатдир:
Енгил автомобиллар ИЁДларига ТҲК ва уларни таъмирлаш даврийрилигини оширишда ташхислаш усул ва воситаларининг ахамиятини
аниқлаш.
Носозликка учраган ИЁДини ташхислаш воситалари ва усулларини тахлил қилиш.
Ишлатилаётган ИЁДини ташхислаш воситалари ва усулларини тахлил қилиш.
Замонавий сигил автомобиллар ИЁДлари учун янги ташхислаш воситалари ва усулларини топиш.
Мавжуд ва янги ташхислаш воситалари ва усулларини ўзаро тақкослаш.
«Узавтотсххизмат» х/ж учун янги ташхислаш воситалари ва усуллари бўйича тавсиялар ишлаб чиқиш.

Subjects of inquiry: the content and process of formation of the graphic literacy and culture and professional mastering of the students during studying of a cycle of graphic disciplines in the art graphic faculties.
The aim of inquiry: to develop the theoretical bases of the effective methodical system of preparation of teachers of drawing in higher pedagogical educational institutions.
Methods of inquiry: the analysis of sources of the scientific literature, studying and generalization of the advanced pedagogical experience, pedagogical observation, questioning and conversation, the system-structural analysis, modeling, pedagogical experiment.
The results achieved and their novelty: the content of integrated course “on graphics” in the system of continuous education in the Republic of Uzbekistan and graphic nucleus of qualifying characteristics of the teacher on graphics is produced. Are systematized graphically focused requirements to the content and methodical support of graphic disciplines for bachelor degree by specialty "The drawing arts and engineering graphics" for higher educational institutions; the ways of optimization of the content of course on drawing in the system of continuous education.
The practical value: formulated conceptual requirements to methodical complexes on drawing can serve as the main criteria’s of estimation of quality of the methodical materials on graphic disciplines of drawing and technical graphics faculty; the educational and professional programs on graphic disciplines in the drawing and graphic faculties of the pedagogical institutions can serve for drawing of the educational programmes in the appropriate educational institutions; methods of the clarification of the content of the disciplines can be used in the development of the other disciplines in the faculties of pedagogical institutions and professional colleges.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: the basic ideas, the practical conclusions of dissertational research have been described in scientific articles and methodic developments of the researcher, discussed the international, republican, regional conferences and seminars.
The results of research on development of graphic knowledge and professional skills of the future teachers of drawing have been used in the standards of the high education.
Approved and implemented into the educational process the block of the methodical support of the course “graphic” in the direction "The drawing arts and engineering graphics"
Sphere of usage: System of the higher pedagogical, general secondary, special professional education.

The aim of investigation in the perfection of the methodical system of the development of the technical style of thinking at the pupils of academic lyccums of the technical directions by means of profile differentiation of the mathematic training.
The object of investigation is the process of differential mathematic training in academic lyccums of technical direction.
The methods of investigation. This is critical analysis of the native and foreign pedagogical experiments, working out teaching and methodic materials for teachers- experimenters and the model- practical controf of their efficiency, and also mathematic- static treatment of receiving results.
The receiving results and their novelty arc contained to the carrying out of the criteria of selection of the content of the mathematic education, of the variant of content and methods of mathematic training in the academic lyceums taking into consideration methodic peculiarities, connected with technical directions of the education.
The practical significance is contained in the possibility of using the formulated criteria of selection of the content of mathematic education for the preparation of the training programmers and training- methodical appliances by mathematic.
The degree of introduction and economic significance. Not only in the technical but also in the natural- scientific directions can be guidebook in the working out of training - methodic complex by educational profiles.
The field of application: academic lyccums of the technical direction of Ministry of Higher and Secondary-Specialized Education of the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Subjects of the inquiry: patients with acute intestinal obstruction.
The aim of the inquiry: improvement of treatment results of the patients with acute bowel obstruction by means of the perfection of the methods of intestinal decompression and enteral correction of metabolic disturbance of the organism with nutritive blend “Perative”.
Methods of inquiry: general clinical laboratory investigations, roentgenological studies, statistical technologies, clcctrocntcrography.
Novelty of inquiry: In complex treatment of the patients with acute bowel obstruction the improved intestinal tube has been used for intraoperative decompression of the gastrointestinal tract and it has been demonstrated of its effectiveness. The active intra- and postoperative decompression of the gastrointestinal tract, gut lavage, enteral [tube] feeding effectiveness in complex treatment of the patients with acute bowel obstruction has been proved. The necessity of addition of the complex treatment of the patients with acute bowel obstruction the enteral correction of metabolic disturbance of the organism has been proved and the balanced nutritive blend “Perative” efficacy has been defined.
Practical value: The application of the improved intestinal tube allowed accomplishing of the adequate evacuation of the toxic contents of the gastrointestinal tract and reducing of the enteric pressure. It has contributed to earlier recovery of the all gastrointestinal tract function and it has created the favourable conditions for enteral [tube] feeding. Carrying out of the enteral [tube] feeding with semi - substrate nutritive blend “Perative” has promoted to earlier replacement of the loss of power and plastic material needs. Clinical application of the developed patients management with acute bowel obstruction has promoted to the reduction of the complications rate (from 33,9% to 6,0%) and mortality (10,7% to 0%).
Degree of embed and economical effectivity: The main regulations of the dissertation have been applied in practical work of the urgent surgical department of the second clinic of the Second Tashkent State Medical Institute and it is used in process of 4-6 years students teaching in the Second Tashkent State Medical Institute.
Sphere of usage: urgent surgical help.

Research object: 126 patients: 66 of them suffered from congenital malformation development of car, 36 suffered from squarrosc auricles, 24 suffered form traumatic injury of auricles.
Purpose of research: Improvement of Reconstructive-Plastic Operations Methods at Congenital Malformation Development of Ear and at Traumatic Injury of Auricle.
Research methods: Roentgenography of mammillary processes; computer tomogram; acumctry; audiometry; anthropometric examinations; genetic examinations; examination of psycho-emotional conditions.
Received results and their novelty: A new method of plastic of external acoustic meatus has been developed and implemented into clinic practice with the help of two skin flap on feeder legs, which provides full restoration of its lining and this method eliminates postoperative complications (An acknowledgment of receipt IAP 2003 1011 has been received). Methods of Auricle correction during its squarrosc has been modified, and these methods form relief structure and eliminate wearing of fixed bandages. Methods of restoration of helix and lobule of auricle have been developed. These methods arc used to restore isolated and combined posttraumatic defects, and these methods allow to obtain satisfactory anatomic-aesthetic results (An acknowledgment of receipt IAP 2003 1010 has been received).
Practical significance of works: The developed methods of plastic operation of external acoustic meatus and of auricle provide stable clinical effect, improve cpithclization conditions and prevent from occurring of cicatricial obliterations, and provide good anatomic-functional effect, which is of high aesthetic significance.
Degree of implementation: The results arc implemented at otorhinolaryngologic clinic of Second Tashkent State Medical Institute.
Field of application: Otorhinolaryngology.

Subject of research: 128 patients with acute, subacute, secondary-chronic and primary-chronic types of Rock fever.
Aim of research: early diagnosis of audio and vestibular disturbances on patients undergo Rock fever and against background of usage of ototoxic medicines by applying of modem complex tools of audio research and impcdanccmctry.
Tools of research: general clinical research, special inquiries: examination of otolaryngologic organs, acoumctcring, tone threshold audiomctcring, voice audiometery, impcdanccmctry, detection of audio sensitivity to ultrasound under methodology of В. M. Sagalovich, vestibulometery, clcctronistagmography, reenccphalography.
Results received and their novelty: different types of audio disturbances were first time discovered from patients with Rock fever infection during a complex inquiry of audio and vestibular organs status: in acute and subacute types of Rock fever there dominate the audio disturbances on sound conductivity, in chronic type - the mixed or advantageously ncurosensoric character. There was applied an impcdanccmetry to define a character and level of injury of audio organ.
A scheme of complex conservative therapy included the mounts that influence on hemodynamics; adjuvants; the mounts that influence on tissue interchange; antyhypoxantincs that improve microcirculation of internal car; enzyme mounts that eliminate cicatrical and soldering processes in medium ear.
Practical value of dissertation: a qualified method of diagnosis of different types audio disturbances was proposed to practical public health. The methods of early diagnosis allow asserting a necessity of usage of early complex inquiries of audio and vestibular analyzers to make a prevention and development of further abnormalities (hard hearing and surdity).
A level of introduction: received results were introduced to the work of Otolaryngologic department of Second Tashkent State Medical Institute and clinical infectious hospital of Scientific Research Institute of Epidemiology, Microbiology of Infection Diseases of Republic of Uzbekistan.
Fields of applying: otolaryngology, infection diseases.

Object of the research: the process of teaching physics
The aim of the research: The periodical law of physics and the proof of the physical education according ot the law.
Methods of the research: To analyze literature regarding the research; to observe teaching process, conversation with the teacher and a pupil, to observe professional expricnce of school teachers, to prepare questionnaires, to conduct, to work out and analyse statistically the pedagogical experiment.
Scientific novelty of the research: Considering the periodic education law as a separate subject, the periods of physical education were methodically characterised, the diffcrcnciation was analyzed, the practical outcome of physical pcriodisation was reflected and the technology of governing physical education periodically at secondary schools and learning teaching materials were thoroughly established.
Practical importance of the research: the periodic technology of teaching physics which is the result of the research - can be widely used in teaching physics at secondary schools; in creation of teaching material; in working out new forms of independent and distance learning and in teachers’ training system. It can also be used in teaching other subjects at secondary schools and in other stages of education.
Efficiency and the implementation of the project: More than 30 articles, brochures and a monography were published on this dissertation. The results of the research were discussed and analyzed in the scientific conferences in foreign and local teachers and professors conferences and meetings at Bukhara State University and in another educational establishments. (Bukhara - 2000, 2001,
2002, 2003; Karshi city - 2003, 2004; Guliston city 2002, 2005; Samarkand -
2003, 2004, Tashkent city 2003, 2005; Termez city 2003, 2004; Namangan city 2005, Ferghana city 2002, 2004). The efficiency of the research at secondary schools has reached 20.8% at average.
The degree of implementation: The results of the research can be used in teaching physics at secondary schools, in teachers training system, in the creation of text-books and other teaching materials and in condiction research works connected to this matter.