No. 18 (2025) Академические исследования в современной науке

Samarali lug'at o'rgatish tilni rivojlantirish uchun ham, umumiy o'quv yutuqlari uchun ham muhimdir.   Ushbu maqolada o'qituvchilar o'z o'quvchilarining so'zlarni eslab qolishlari va bilimlarini yaxshilash uchun qo'llashlari mumkin bo'lgan bir qancha strategiyalarni ko'rib chiqadi.   So'zlarni xaritalash, morfemik tahlil (prefikslar, ildizlar va qo'shimchalar), aniq ko'rsatma, kontekstual o'rganish, semantik xaritalash, takrorlash va ko'rib chiqish muhim usullardir.   Ta'sirli usullar orasida mustaqil o'qishni rivojlantirish, raqamli vositalarni birlashtirish va o'yinlar va bahslar orqali faol ishtirok etishni rag'batlantirish kiradi.   Chuqur o'rganish va real hayotda qo'llanilishini ta'minlash uchun bu usul retseptiv (tinglash/o'qish) va samarali (gapirish/yozish) lug'atiga teng e'tibor beradi.

In the fields of linguistics and cultural studies, the conceptualization of luck and misfortune plays a vital role in understanding how language encodes human cognition and social values. These abstract concepts not only influence the construction of linguistic expressions but also reflect speakers’ worldviews and the cultural narratives embedded in their societies [1][2]. The linguistic landscape across languages reveals that expressions denoting fortune and misfortune are often shaped by both collective cultural experience and individual perception.

Ushbu ilmiy ishda talaba yoshlar orasida surunkali gastritning keng tarqalganligi, uning asosiy sabablari va profilaktik choralar tahlil qilinadi. Tadqiqot davomida oliy ta’lim muassasalarida tahsil olayotgan talabalar o‘rtasida sog‘lom ovqatlanish odatlari, stress omillari va yomon odatlarning gastrit rivojlanishiga ta’siri o‘rganildi. Shuningdek, kasallikning oldini olishda ma’rifiy va sog‘lom turmush tarzini shakllantirishga qaratilgan choralar taklif etildi.

In this article, the process of decision-making in human resource management is analyzed comprehensively. Human resource management is one of the strategic priorities for modern organizations, and the decision-making process directly influences the organization's efficiency and competitiveness. The article covers the theoretical foundations of managerial decisions, their main types (strategic, tactical, and operational), as well as the stages of decision-making (problem identification, data collection, analysis, solution development, and evaluation of results).

Mazkur maqolada huquq normalarini sharhlashning nazariy va amaliy jihatlari yoritilgan. Huquq normalarining mazmun-mohiyatini to‘g‘ri tushunish va ularni amaliyotda to‘g‘ri qo‘llashda sharhlash jarayonining ahamiyati alohida ta’kidlanadi. Maqolada sharhlash turlari — grammatik, sistematik, mantiqiy va funksional sharhlar haqida batafsil ma’lumot beriladi. Shuningdek, sud, idoraviy va rasmiy sharhlarning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari tahlil qilinadi. Maqola huquqni qo‘llash jarayonida sharhlashning dolzarbligini asoslab beradi va ushbu sohadagi muammoli masalalarga ilmiy yondashuvni taklif qiladi.

Mazkur maqolada nogironligi bor shaxslar bilan ishlashda axloqiy me’yorlarning ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Axloqiy tamoyillar nogironligi bor shaxslarning huquqlarini hurmat qilish, kamsitishning oldini olish va jamiyatga integratsiyasini ta’minlashga xizmat qiladi. Tadqiqot davomida xalqaro va milliy qonunchilik, falsafiy va ijtimoiy yondashuvlar hamda ijtimoiy ish xodimining bu jarayondagi roli yoritiladi. Shuningdek, nogironligi bor shaxslarga nisbatan hurmat, adolat, mustaqillik va inklyuzivlik tamoyillari muhokama qilinadi.

This paper examines the complex interaction of modern Slavic peoples with globalization processes. It examines how global trends influence the preservation and transformation of the cultural, linguistic and national identity of the Slavs in the context of intensive migration flows, economic integration and information exchange. The paper examines both positive and negative aspects of globalization for the Slavic world, such as opportunities for economic growth and cultural exchange, as well as the risks of losing national identity and increasing social inequality. The study uses comparative analysis methods, statistical data and case studies of individual Slavic countries, which allows for a comprehensive understanding of the role and place of the Slavic peoples in the modern globalized world.

Slavic languages, which are the main means of communication in the states of Central and Eastern Europe, play a significant role in political and cultural processes on the continent. This article examines the influence of Slavic states on the political map of Europe, analyzing how the linguistic identity and political unity of these countries affect foreign and domestic policy, as well as interstate relations.

В статье рассматривается влияние индивидуально-психологических особенностей учащихся, обусловленных типом темперамента, на формирование и развитие математических способностей в начальной школе.

В последнее время суицидальное поведение среди подростков в Узбекистане является серьёзной проблемой, требующей пристального внимания и применения рациональных научных методов для её изучения и предотвращения. В последние годы наблюдается тревожная тенденция увеличения числа самоубийств среди молодёжи. Так, по данным Министерства внутренних дел, 55,5% суицидов совершаются людьми в возрасте от 14 до 30 лет. [1]

This study proposes an optimized surgical approach for craniosynostosis in children using preoperative multislice computed tomography (MSCT). A total of 150 retrospective cases and a pilot group of 80 patients were analyzed using tailored pediatric MSCT protocols. Morphometric parameters were compared with international craniofacial databases. Clinical, neurological, ophthalmological, and cosmetic outcomes were evaluated. Optimized protocols led to a radiation dose reduction of 30–40%. Advanced statistical methods, including t-test, ANOVA, and Bayesian network meta-analysis, revealed factors associated with better surgical outcomes. The proposed strategy significantly improved preoperative planning, surgical precision, and postoperative rehabilitation in pediatric patients.

This study explores the application of the buccal fat pad flap in the surgical treatment of wide cleft palates in young children. A total of 48 patients aged 10 to 24 months were evaluated, with 24 receiving the buccal fat pad flap and 24 undergoing conventional closure. The technique demonstrated significant improvement in wound healing and reduction in complications. Oronasal fistula rates decreased from 41.6% to 12.5%, and scar-related contractures were observed in only 8.3% of cases with the flap. The buccal fat pad proves to be a reliable, low-risk method that enhances both anatomical repair and functional recovery.

В статье рассматриваются современные методы преподавания микробиологии, направленные на повышение качества образования и вовлеченности студентов. Описаны традиционные подходы и их ограничения, а также новейшие технологии и инновации, применяемые в учебном процессе, включая использование цифровых платформ, виртуальных лабораторий, интерактивных методик и мобильных приложений. Особое внимание уделено роли коллаборативных технологий и активных методов обучения, таких как проблемно-ориентированное обучение и проектные исследования. Проанализированы преимущества и недостатки современных методов и их влияние на подготовку специалистов в области микробиологии.

The article covers the content of legal reforms in the field of criminal law carried out in the Republic of Uzbekistan in recent years, in particular, a detailed scientific observation about the social danger of the crime of perjury, about the general description of these crimes.

Республикамиз чорвачилигини ривожлантиришда асосий муаммоларимиздан бири бу чорва озуқа базасининг етишмовчилигидир. Бу борада олимлар томонидан янги инновацион технологиялардан фойдаланиб, кўплаб илмий-тадқиқот ишлари олиб борилмоқда ва ижобий натижаларга эришилмоқда. Бугунги кунда чорва молларини озуқа базасини маълум даражада мустаҳкамлашда гидропоника усулида яшил майса етиштириш ишлари кенг фойдаланилмоқда.