No. 2 (2025) inLibrary

Articles

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  The importance of using the spiritual heritage of Jadidism figures in improving the spiritual world of young people This article will focus on the most important features of the Jadid activities in educating a harmonious generation, using the spiritual heritage of Jadid figures reflecting the rich history of our nation, and raising the spiritual world of youth.

  Zarif Begimkulov

  1012-1016

  24   4

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  Bactrian Documents Founds in Northern Afghanistan as a Historical Source This article analyzes the role and significance of the Bactrian documents found in Northern Afghanistan as a historical source for the study of the history of Turan in the early medieval period. The article also examines the history of the discovery and study of these documents. From a critical point of view, it analyzes the erroneous approach in national historiography, which consists in the incorrect generalization of these documents under the name "Rabatake Archive" and their attribution exclusively to the Kushan period. Furthermore, based on an analysis of the external (duplicate copies, seals) and internal (introduction, main part, conclusion) structure of the documents, the article substantiates the existence of a developed legal system in the region. Through the analysis of information contained in the documents regarding purchase and sale, debt obligations, rent, taxes, slavery, and family relations, the socio-economic picture of Turan in the 4th–8th centuries is illuminated. The significant scholarly novelty of the article lies in the fact that, based on an analysis of Turkic titles (“kagan”, “yabgu”, “tarkhan”, “tudun”) and ethnonyms (“Abdalo”) found in the documents, the role and influence of the Turkic peoples in the statehood of Turan during the early medieval era are proven with direct evidence.

  Mardonbek Rajapov

  65-80

  0   0

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  Head injury associated with long bone fractures: surgical intervention, rehabilitation and emergency care This paper discusses the integrated approach to treating patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) combined with long bone fractures. It highlights the importance of appropriate surgical timing, coordinated emergency response, and structured rehabilitation. While early stabilization of fractures can enhance outcomes, each case should be managed based on neurological assessment. A joint strategy involving neurosurgery and orthopedics proves most effective.

  Farrukh Alimov, Jamshidbek Odilov, Ravshanjon Eminov

  611-615

  20   2

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  Adapting teaching methods in veterinary science to teaching specialized subjects This article covers in detail the practice of using interactive methods in adapting teaching methods in veterinary science to teaching specialized subjects, the role of interactive methods in improving the quality and efficiency of education, the essence of the effective use of several methods in conducting classes on "Internal Non-Communicable Diseases", the practice of using methods such as "Cooperative Learning", "Work in Small Groups", and "Discussion", a general description of teaching methods and their didactic possibilities.

  Nargiza Narziyeva

  3-12

  18   0

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  History of Corruption (Corruption in Ancient Rome) The article, based on historical sources, examines the history of corruption in Ancient Rome, its forms and manifestations, attempts to counteract it, as well as the negative consequences for society.

  Nargiza Narziyeva, R Toshkuvatova

  151-158

  13   0

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  Work is being carried out to further develop livestock breeding in the country based on the development strategy of New Uzbekistan This article provides an in-depth study of the content and essence of the President's resolutions and decrees related to the livestock sector, and presents the most important figures and indicators in the resolutions and decrees.

  Nargiza Narziyeva, S Sadullaev, A Khushnazarov

  237-242

  26   3

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  Formation of students' research skills on the basis of basic competencies in the process of training in general schools This article describes the formation of students 'research activities in general secondary education, the criteria for choosing the methods of planning and solving problems of students' research activities, and the pedagogical and psychological features and stages of their development. It also reveals the research skills of students based on their core competencies, the methods of developing research skills, and experimental work aimed at developing student’s research skills.

  Zarif Begimkulov, Nargiza Narziyeva, Feruza Oltiboyeva

  3024-3039

  23   0

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  Organizing a process of continuous professional development for physical education teachers in general secondary schools is an urgent task This article describes the urgent task of organizing a process of continuous professional development for physical education teachers in general secondary schools.

  Zarif Begimkulov

  10-12

  15   1

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  Artificial intelligence in treatment customization and patient monitoring systems in health systems This article examines the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, focusing on treatment customization and patient monitoring systems. AI technologies, including digital twins, machine learning, and IoT-integrated devices, enable personalized treatment plans and real-time health monitoring, enhancing patient outcomes and reducing costs. The study emphasizes AI's role in precision medicine, particularly in oncology, and its ability to empower patients through tailored interventions. However, challenges such as data privacy, algorithmic bias, and technical limitations must be addressed to ensure ethical and equitable AI implementation in healthcare.

  Jamshidbek Odilov, Ravshanjon Eminov

  541-556

  66   10

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  The views of the New Enlightenment on human health and physical activity This article describes the views of the new enlighteners on establishing a healthy lifestyle among people, raising children to have good qualities, freeing them from various harmful habits and unclean vices, preserving physical and mental health, improving the quality of life, proper nutrition, adhering to a healthy lifestyle, loyalty to national and universal values, health, and the essence of movement and inactivity.

  Zarif Begimkulov

  470-475

  13   2

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  The role of Islambek Gasparali in the emergence and formation of the Jadid movement in Turkestan In this article, the reform of the educational system in Uzbek schools at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the innuence of I. Gaspirali on the enlightenment and culture of the national renaissance period in the country, and his interaction with the Uzbek jadids, are highlighted.

  Zarif Begimkulov

  495-500

  16   3

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  SIMULATION-BASED TRAINING FOR ORTHOPEDIC RESIDENTS: IMPACT ON SURGICAL CONFIDENCE AND SKILL ACQUISITION Simulation-based training has revolutionized orthopedic education by providing realistic, risk-free environments for surgical practice. This article reviews current technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), and haptic-based systems used to train orthopedic residents. These tools improve psychomotor skills, surgical confidence, and procedural accuracy. Despite rapid technological advancement, challenges such as cost and curricular integration remain. Structured simulation programs hold promise for the future of surgical education.

  Sobirjon Mukhammadiev, Eshonkhoja Nishanov, Ravshanjon Eminov

  485-489

  34   4

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  Current issues of developing a reading culture among advanced training course participants This article discusses the organization of systematic work to widely promote reading at the Institute for Retraining and Advanced Training of Specialists in Physical Education and Sports and its branches, and to further develop the reading culture among trainees who come for advanced training.

  Zarif Begimkulov

  361-364

  7   0

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  Positive aspects of the transformation of a state-owned enterprise and an economic society The article examines the advantages and disadvantages, as well as scientific proposals and practical recommendations for amending regulatory legal acts on issues of the procedure for transforming a state enterprise into a business entity.

  Zukhriddin Sanjarov

  720-723

  51   12

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  The need to teach jadidism in educational institutions This article will consider the main ideas and goals of the Jadidist movement, the importance of the spiritual heritage of Turkestan Jadidist figures in the upbringing of a harmonious generation, the relevance and importance of teaching Jadidism in educational institutions for the upliftment of the spiritual world of youth.

  Zarif Begimkulov

  107-110

  15   7

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  Postoperative complications in polytrauma patients: risk factors and management strategies Postoperative complications in polytrauma patients with chest and abdominal injuries, such as infections, bleeding, and deep vein thrombosis (DVT), significantly impact morbidity and mortality. Key risk factors include peritoneal contamination, severe organ injuries, delayed interventions, and high injury severity scores. Effective management strategies involve standardized antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP), early venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (VTEp), and timely surgical or endovascular interventions. A multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing early detection and evidence-based protocols, is crucial for improving outcomes in these high-risk patients.

  Sobirjon Mukhammadiev, Ravshanjon Eminov, Shukurbek Tuychibekov, Eshonkhoja Nishonov

  952-957

  36   10

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  Why addressing glaucoma is insufficient: obstacles and constraints in vision conservation Glaucoma, a significant optic neuropathy, is a principal contributor to irreversible blindness worldwide. Despite effective management of intraocular pressure (IOP), many patients continue to suffer vision loss due to factors beyond IOP. This review investigates the complex nature of glaucoma, encompassing vascular, neurodegenerative, and genetic elements, while also addressing the limitations of existing treatment modalities. Principal obstacles such as late diagnosis, adherence to therapy, and irreversible optic nerve damage, as well as systemic issues like healthcare inequities and socioeconomic influences, are scrutinized. Innovative approaches, including neuroprotective treatments, AI-enhanced diagnostics, personalized medicine, and vision rehabilitation, present potential improvements in patient outcomes. Nevertheless, considerable deficiencies in clinical implementation persist, requiring a fundamental shift in glaucoma management towards prioritizing vision conservation.

  Sobirjon Mukhammadiev, Ravshanjon Eminov, Eshonkhoja Nishonov

  464-469

  29   3

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  Physiological and biochemical changes occurring in the liver under the influence of stress factors The liver is a central organ susceptible to various stress factors, including environmental toxins, psychological stress, and improper eating habits. These stressors activate complex physiological and biochemical processes that lead to oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and metabolic disturbances. Psychological stress affects the liver through hormonal and nervous system pathways, while improper nutrition exacerbates liver damage due to fat accumulation and increased insulin resistance. The combined effect of these stressors contributes to liver diseases such as MASLD and NASH. Protective measures, including a diet rich in antioxidants, are crucial for mitigating stress-induced liver damage.

  Sobirjon Mukhammadiev, Eshonkhoja Nishonov, Ravshanjon Eminov, Shukurbek Tychibekov

  459-463

  32   5

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  Эффективность местной анестезии при геммороидэктомии Hemorrhoids are a highly prevalent condition among the working-age population and are often accompanied by various complications. According to data from different authors, the prevalence of hemorrhoids reaches 130–140 cases per 1,000 people, highlighting the significance of this issue. The high incidence of the condition and the delay in seeking medical assistance at early stages often lead to the necessity of surgical treatment. At advanced stages, the primary method of treatment becomes the surgical removal of hemorrhoidal nodes—hemorrhoidectomy, which is the most commonly performed surgery in the proctology department. The effectiveness of this procedure largely depends on adherence to key aspects, including the selection of the optimal anesthesia method, which is crucial for the patient. This study provides a brief analysis of hemorrhoidectomies performed at the "Ibrokhim Hakim Tabobat" clinic, as well as an evaluation of the effectiveness of the anesthesia methods used.

  Shokhrukhbek Kuziboyev

  2-4

  68   17

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  Evidence-based guidelines for blunt abdominal trauma in children This article presents evidence-based recommendations for managing blunt abdominal trauma in children. It emphasizes the importance of non-operative management for stable patients, evaluates diagnostic imaging techniques like ultrasound and CT, and outlines the roles of surgery, monitoring, and interventional radiology. The approach is aimed at improving outcomes while minimizing unnecessary interventions.

  Shukurbek Tychibekov, Eshonkho`ja Nishonov, Ravshanjon Eminov

  411-414

  43   8

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  Comparative effectiveness of EEG and MRI in diagnosing pediatric epileptic syndromes This narrative review compares the diagnostic effectiveness of electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating pediatric epileptic syndromes, particularly West syndrome, Lennox–Gastaut syndrome, and benign rolandic epilepsy. EEG offers syndrome-specific electrical patterns that are often diagnostic, while MRI identifies structural brain abnormalities influencing prognosis and treatment decisions. Both modalities present unique advantages and limitations, and their combined use is central to modern pediatric epilepsy care. Technological advances such as artificial intelligence in EEG analysis and functional MRI have enhanced diagnostic accuracy. Current literature and international guidelines affirm the complementary nature of EEG and MRI in pediatric epilepsy diagnosis.

  Ravshanjon Eminov, Kakhkhorali Gulomov

  728-733

  34   23

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  Ligasure apparatining gemorroidektomiya operatsiyasida samaradorligi va uning qon ketish profilaktikasidagi roli Hemorrhoids are a common pathology of the anorectal region, manifested by varicose enlargement of hemorrhoidal nodes, their thrombosis, and rectal bleeding. This disease is considered one of the most frequently encountered conditions in coloproctological practice among adults worldwide. Within the framework of this study, a retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical histories of patients treated for hemorrhoids and who experienced complications after hemorrhoidectomy. The research is based on data from the coloproctology department of the private clinic "Ibrohim Hakim Tabobat" in Fergana city. The study analyzed the advantages of using the LigaSure device, one of the modern treatment methods for hemorrhoids, for the removal of hemorrhoidal nodes, as well as the prevention of postoperative bleeding from anorectal wounds.

  Shohruh Kuziboyev

  56-59

  42   12

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  The formation and development of historical and national characteristics in literary translation

  The issue of restoring national characteristics and historicity remain highly relevant both theoretically and practically in contemporary translation studies. Addressing this challenge in the translation process requires a creative approach, the effective utilization of lexical and semantic resources, and the preservation of the overall aesthetic essence of the original work. These factors play a crucial role in ensuring the accuracy and authenticity of the
  translated text.

  Sharifa Xamroeva

  1-4

  41   20

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  The essence of the project approach, didactic foundations and its role in the educational process

  This article analyzes the essence of the project approach, its didactic foundations and its importance in the modern educational process. The project approach is characterized by independent thinking of students, the formation of practical skills and the orientation of knowledge to solving life problems. During the study, the advantages and limitations of the project method, methods of its effective application at different stages and international experience were considered.

  Kosimjon Bannaev

  22-29

  48   15

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  Developing pediatric education: competency-based assessment and approaches to problem-solving Effective assessment of medical students in pediatrics requires a combination of traditional and innovative methods to cover various competencies. This review examines key approaches such as the Minnesota method, OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination), multimedia tools and virtual simulations, as well as advancements in artificial intelligence. It emphasizes the importance of programmatic assessment and simulation-based learning in addressing challenges such as resource constraints and faculty training. The recommendations focus on collaborative efforts to improve infrastructure, develop faculty, and better prepare students for clinical practice.

  Dilnozakhon Tashmamatova, Ravshanjon Eminov

  33-37

  112   9

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