All articles - General and Internal Medicine

Headache (GB, cephalgia) is one of the most frequent complaints of patients and is one of the most common disorders of the nervous system, therefore, this problem has not lost its relevance in medical science to this day. Pain is a complex and personal experience (experience) arising from the interaction (impact) of many external and internal factors on the body. Until recently, in the diagnosis and treatment of many pathological conditions, including headache (migraine, HDN), the gender factor has not was given due importance. This review analyzed information on gender differences indifferent types of primary headache, including prevalence, frequency of doctor visits, psychophysiological relationships, and response to treatment.

One of the vital minerals in the human body is calcium. This mineral takes part in more than 300 biologically active reactions. Medicinal products (PM), including calcium salts, have been used in medicine for many decades. In total, the body of an adult contains about 1000-1500 mg of Ca. In the body, calcium is in two forms - it is ionized (free) and associated with Ca proteins (mainly albumin). A decrease in the concentration of ionized calcium causes signs of hypocalcemia. The main way calcium enters the body is the alimentary route. By consuming milk, dairy products, fish, meat, fruits, vegetables, greens, we take the daily intake of calcium. Sources of calcium for children at different stages are different. The intake of calcium to the fetus depends on the saturation of the mother's body with calcium, vitamin D. In the last trimester of pregnancy, the rate of calcium incorporation into the fetal body increases, which means that the state of bone mineralization will also depend on gestational age. After birth, the source of calcium is breast milk, and for formula-fed babies, an adapted milk formula. With breast milk, a child receives up to 300 mg of calcium, and in mixtures, an average of 400 mg of calcium.

Among modern cardiovascular drugs, amlodipine preparations occupy a significant place for the treatment of both arterial hypertension (AH) and coronary heart disease (CHD). The main merit in this belongs to Norvasc® (amlodipine besylate). According to the PIFAGOR III pharmacoepidemiological study, the proportion of amlodipine in the structure of antihypertensive drugs (AHP) taken by patients with hypertension reaches 15%.

An estimated 190 million people worldwide have diabetes, and this figure could reach 300 million by 2025. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. To date, the incidence of DM is growing catastrophically in all countries of the world without exception, acquiring the scale of a worldwide epidemic.

Conducting simulation integrated trainings among students, as a kind of preparatory stage that precedes the clinical stage of training, and then teach them to work in teams and in decision-making in more complex clinical situations.
Conducting simulation integrated trainings among students, as a kind of preparatory stage that precedes the clinical stage of training, and then teach them to work in teams and in decision-making in more complex clinical situations

A pre-clinical study of the general toxicity of the medication “Fitin-S” has shown that it is referred to class IV of low toxic compounds. The medication “Fitin-S” does not have aaccumulative and local irritant action. At multiple intramuscular administration to rats and rabbits it does not influence the behavior and the dynamics of animals growth, does not cause a toxic effect on the composition of peripheral blood, kidneys’ and liver’s function as well as on the pathomorphology of animals organs and tissues. There is a slowdown in the process of blood coagulation in rabbits at doses of 16 and 32 mg/kg during the whole study period. In 1 month of a recovery period all the indicators have been changing within physiological norm. All the aforementioned data allows us to make a conclusion that the medication does not cause a toxic effect on the organism of animals.

The age is common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). One of the main risk factors for ageing is biologic age of vessels or vessel ageing. Main mechanisms of vessel ageing are oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, endothelial disfunction, apoptosis of endothelial cells, demage of endothelial EPCs progenitory cells functions, replication ageing of endothelial cells, disregulation of circadian system, arterial stiffness. Understanding of the mechanisms that lead to ageing pathophyziological changes in vessels is important and necessary of for novel methods of patogenetic treatment

The presented literature review highlights the problems of fluid therapy at the present stage of development. A brief classification and history of the development of infusion therapy are given. The advantages and disadvantages of various groups of infusion drugs are highlighted. Special attention is paid to infusion preparations with the ability to eliminate damage to the lipid component of biomembranes, of which the most valuable are those with antioxidant membrane stabilizing and antihypoxant properties. The drugs developed at the Republican Specialized Scientific and Practical Medical Center for Hematology (RSNPMCH) of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Uzbekistan are described. In conclusion, the prospects for further development in the development of new generation infusion preparations are given.

Epileptic syndrome (ES) in organic lesions of the central nervous system is often resistant to therapy, which prevents adequate comprehensive rehabilitation. As noted in the literature, the concept of incurability is partly subjective, since it includes a component of the patient's assessment of his condition. In this regard, family, social psychotherapy can provide some assistance. A medical psychologist can provide a change in the attitude of the patient and his relatives in relation to the disease, change his social orientation and rationally adjust the level of claims, transferring the situation to the category of “tolerable”. This, in turn, through the mechanism of changing the level of functional activity of the brain can help reduce the number and severity of seizures. In some cases, non-drug therapy methods, including autogenic training, biofeedback methods, etc., may be effective. However, pharmacotherapy plays the main role in the vast majority of cases.

Researching of the effectiveness of the combined application of medicines for patients with chronic inflammatory bowel disease were exemplified by the administration of 5-ASK salofalk, antibiotics with a short course of Alfa-normic and probiotic IRID BtL – in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. To determine the anti inflammatory efficancy, aleng with clinical evalution, the results of laboratory–instrumental methods of olignosis were applied

A conditioned reflex (temporal connection) is an individual reaction acquired during life through learning (as opposed to an unconditioned (innate) reflex). It is produced under certain conditions: the coincidence in time of the unconditioned stimulus and the neutral stimulus (a classic example: the presentation of food with the simultaneous ignition of a light bulb), as a result of which a reaction (for example, salivation) appears after a while to the presentation of only a neutral stimulus.

Functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract tract - diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that are not associated with organic lesions and include a number of individual idiopathic disorders affecting various parts of the gastrointestinal tract, associated with visceral hypersensitivity and impaired motor function.

In our work, the stress reaction of the body, manifested in the digestive organs, was noted. Aggressiveness is an important form of zoosocial behavior in animals of different species, having adaptive significance and manifested by a species-specific set of behavioral reactions [4, 5]. But the peculiarities of the functioning of the digestive organs, depending on the behavioral characteristics of the body, are not sufficiently studied either in a normal state or under stress.