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PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN
CEREBRAL BLOOD VESSELS IN CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
Hasanov F.Sh.
Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
Relevance.
The high mortality rate from cardiovascular diseases is the leading cause of
death worldwide, including in Uzbekistan. In 2012, the standard rate of death from circulatory
diseases per 100,000 people was 754.2 in Uzbekistan and 706.9 in the Republic of
Karakalpakstan, while the mortality rate from ischemic heart disease was 308.9 and 268.5,
respectively. In patients with ischemic heart disease, 5.5% of men and 3.8% of women die
within 2 years. The socioeconomic importance of ischemic heart disease and its high mortality
rate are important tasks for all practicing physicians.
Research objective:
Determination of structural changes in cerebral blood vessels in
chronic ischemic heart disease .
Materials and methods:
tissue fragments from the brains of 32 patients who died in the
therapy and resuscitation departments of the multidisciplinary clinic of the Samaraqand State
Medical University were studied in the pathological anatomy department. When assessing the
morphological and morphometric changes of cerebral vascular structures in relation to chronic
ischemic heart disease, anamnestic,
macroscopic, microscopic, morphometric and statistical
research methods were carried out.
Results and discussion:
The results of the research conducted show that,
In patients who
died from chronic ischemic heart disease, the vascular structures of the molecular layer of the
cerebral cortex are observed to be dilated by capillaries, which often resemble constrictions or
are poorly distinguishable. In the outer granular layer, a pronounced spasm of capillaries is
also detected. In the pyramidal layer, capillaries in a state of spasm are also detected. In the
inner granular layer, along with dilated capillaries, there are areas of microvessels with
sufficiently wide gaps in which erythrocytes are visible. The dilated microvessels of the inner
pyramidal layer are preserved. A similar phenomenon is observed in the layer of polymorphic
cells. Here, the spasm of microvessels is less pronounced. There is moderate spasm of all
caliber arteries, the perivascular spaces are dilated. Most often, PVP occurs on one side of the
vessel. In the vascular spaces, there are erythrocytes, their fusion with each other and the shape
of the erythrocytes is unclear. In other areas of the visual field, the cerebral cortex is
moderately spasmed in large, medium and small arteries, and perivascular edema is strongly
developed. In the vascular spaces, there are erythrocytes, their shape is unclear. Due to spasm
of medium and small caliber blood vessels, their spaces appear as slits. The contours of the
walls of many blood vessels appear unclear.
Conclusion:
Thus, in chronic ischemic heart disease, a state of spasm develops in the
blood vessels of the cerebral cortex. In their spaces, shaped elements are preserved. The large,
medium and small arteries of the cerebral cortex are in a moderate state of spasm , and varying
degrees of expansion of the perivascular space are noted. These changes indicate that structural
changes in the cerebral blood vessels require special attention when increasing the
effectiveness of the treatment of chronic ischemic heart disease.
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