Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
208
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
P
AGES
:
208-213
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Correction of div weight is one of the significant factors on the way for athletes to achieve the much-desired success
and victories. An individual approach to nutrition, correct water balance, additional administration of vitamins and
microelements can make the process of div weight correction safer and more harmonious.
KEYWORDS
Sports nutrition, weight management, div composition, performance enhancement, athlete health, dietary
interventions, nutritional strategies.
INTRODUCTION
The most important condition for achieving sports
success and maintaining health is properly organized,
rational, nutritious nutrition. It must fully satisfy the
athlete’s needs for energy, nutrients, biologically
active components and microelements. The most
important condition for achieving sports success and
maintaining health is proper and rational nutrition [3].
Adaptation to systematic physical activity takes place
in several stages, and at each stage, at each stage, the
features of adaptation processes are not the same, in
particular at the stage of div weight correction.
Modern knowledge of biochemical and physiological
processes makes it possible to make the processes of
div weight correction safe, and to carry out this
Research Article
THE IMPORTANCE OF NUTRITION AT THE STAGE OF BODY WEIGHT
CORRECTION IN SPORTS
Submission Date:
June 20, 2024,
Accepted Date:
June 25, 2024,
Published Date:
June 30, 2024
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/Volume04Issue06-29
L.T. Seydalieva
Senior Lecturer at Department of Sports Management at Faculty of Taekwondo and Sports Activities at the
National University named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
209
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
P
AGES
:
208-213
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
process without noticeable losses in athletic
performance.
Nutrition is an integral and basic life-sustaining part of
life. Many nutrition strategies have been developed,
but the main criterion for all is the general principles of
healthy eating. Sports nutrition stands out separately.
For elite sports, that is, for professional sports, an
appropriate level of heal
th is the basis for the athlete’s
reliability [4].
A certain problem lies in the existence of generally
accepted nutritional standards and recommendations,
which, without taking into account the individual
characteristics of the athlete, the stage of his sports
training, the given volume and intensity of the training
process, set theoretical norms for the consumption of
energy and nutrients.
In sports, weight is a significant factor that largely
determines performance, especially in wrestling [8,9].
Regulating weight to enter the boundaries of a weight
category is a labor-intensive, complex process, where
all athletes are looking for the most optimal option, but
everyone reduces weight in their own way. There are
as many weight cutting methods as there are wrestlers
who cut weight (O.P. Yushkov, V.I. Shpanov, 2000). As
a result, all this can cause athletes to acquire various
negative and sometimes pathological conditions. An
assessment of the health status of children and
adolescents involved in sports showed that 24.2% of all
examined young athletes were considered practically
healthy, 57.6% had functional abnormalities (health
group II), and 18 had chronic pathology in a
compensated form. 2% of adolescent boys [2]. A diet
inadequate for energy expenditure by athletes during
long-term and high-intensity physical activity can be
the cause of many negative conditions, primarily
associated with the depletion of the div’s reserve
capabilities and incomplete recovery after exercise
(Olenik S.A., 2008; Mokeeva E.G., 2009 ). In practice,
athletes are faced with the problem of a discrepancy
between the received energy and the complex of
vitamins and microelements and real energy
consumption. Noteworthy is the significant spread of
morphofunctional disorders of the div of athletes,
which is probably due to the specifics of sports
specialization and the organization of the training
process, insufficient medical supervision during the
selection and in the process sports, irregular diet and
diet.
An individual approach to nutrition makes it possible to
organize an individual way of nutrient-metabolic
support for the div of athletes using nutrition at
various stages of competitive activity through the
correction of metabolic processes aimed at: providing
energy by burning carbohydrates, increasing the
efficiency of strength characteristics, vigor and overall
tone of the nervous system , stimulation of immunity,
which consists in the nonspecific resistance of the
Volume 04 Issue 06-2024
210
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
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2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
06
P
AGES
:
208-213
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
div, correction of electrolyte metabolism aimed at
restoring the loss of electrolytes through sweat,
providing the div with vitamins and microelements
during periods of stress, which promotes adaptation,
rapid recovery and normalization of metabolism,
building muscle mass, increasing endurance and
strength by improving amino acid supply, intensifying
fat metabolism (increasing the efficiency of lipid
catabolism in the processes of energy production),
absorption
and
digestion
functions
of
the
gastrointestinal tract, ensuring the strength of
capillaries, the elasticity of the venous wall and the
condition of blood vessels. The chosen form and diet is
important, which implies not only the specific
characteristics of the needs in the sport, but also the
phase of the sports cycle: the basic, pre-competitive,
competitive or recovery period (Ugolev A.M., 1986;
Rogozkin V.A. , 1989; Makarova S. G., Borovik T. E.,
Chumbadze T. R. et al., 2010; I. T. Makarova S. G.
Polyakov S. D. et al., 2015). Nutrition also plays a role in
determining div weight, which allows an athlete to
occupy a certain weight category.
Typically, the most intense cutting occurs in the final
days or day before the official weigh-in, with junior or
bantamweight wrestlers losing the largest percentage
of weight. Weight loss is repeated many times, since
participation in competitions ranges from 15 to 30
times a year. For wrestlers in the weight category up to
95 kg, the fat content is 1.6
–
15.1% of div weight (this
is on average about 8%). Weight loss is achieved by
limiting the amount of food and liquid consumed, as
well as by sweating during heat or physical exertion.
Studies have shown that during the cutting process,
not only water is lost, but also fats and proteins. As a
result of a combination of various procedures during
weight loss, the following changes can be observed:
muscle strength decreases, the time of maintaining
high performance is reduced, blood and plasma
volume decreases, cardiac function deteriorates with
submaximal relative power; This is associated with an
increase in heart rate, a decrease in stroke and minute
volumes of blood, a decrease in oxygen consumption -
especially with strict diets, a decrease in glycogen
reserves in the liver, thermoregulation processes are
disrupted as a result of lack of energy, etc.
A gradual reduction in div weight has the advantage
that with this approach, changes in metabolic
processes are expressed to a much lesser extent and,
therefore, there are fewer restrictions on the dosage
of physical activity. Water balance is of utmost
importance. Normally, its content in an adult is 60
–
70%
of div weight. The daily water requirement of a
person with a div weight of 70 kg is 2.5 liters, of which
1.2 liters are for drinking water, 1 liter for food, and 0.3
liters for the oxidation of fats, proteins and
carbohydrates. The same amount (2.5 l) of water is
excreted per day: 1.5 l of urine, 0.5 l of sweat, 0.4 l of
inhaled air [6]. Water consumption should be
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consistent and thoughtful. Experts recommend
drinking 500 ml of water a few hours before training
and another 200 ml at the beginning of training. If
training is carried out in the summer or in a damp room,
the amount of fluid consumed should be increased by
30%. During training, you should drink 200 ml of liquid
every half hour. You need to drink water in small sips
[5]. After training, you need to drink about 0.5 liters of
water within two hours. This will help reduce fluid
deficiency that occurs during exercise. You should
drink water at a comfortable temperature to prevent
the development of inflammatory diseases of the
upper respiratory tract. Even when training in high
temperatures and wanting to quench your thirst with
cold water, you should refrain from drinking drinks
with a temperature below 12⁰C. Also, do not drink large
volumes of water at once. This increases the load on
the kidneys. It is also worth drinking water before
meals, especially during weight loss. The div often
perceives thirst as a feeling of hunger. Drinking liquid
20-30 minutes before meals reduces the feeling of
hunger and also prepares the gastrointestinal tract for
the digestion process. The average daily fluid intake for
women who regularly exercise is 2.7 liters, and for men
3.5 liters. However, it is worth focusing on subjective
sensations. Don't force yourself to drink water against
your will. Daily water consumption can also be found
using the formula of dividing div weight by 30. It is
not recommended to drink sweet carbonated drinks or
packaged juices, as they contain a high sugar content.
You should also avoid energy drinks and coffee to
avoid unnecessary energy loss and disruption of
circadian rhythms.
With any method of weight loss, the athlete’s div
experiences
dehydration
to
varying
degrees.
Dehydration will lead not only to swelling, but also to
weakness and loss of strength, which should not be
allowed; cutting training should be very intense. Long-
term (for 10 days) and gradual restriction of the water
and food diet has the least negative effect on the div.
This method of regulating div weight ensures the
greatest weight loss. The most favorable ratio of losses
of individual div components is created: less water
(at the corresponding percentages of weight loss) and
more fat. There is a weaker effect of this method on
hematological parameters and maximum heart rate.
The effectiveness of weight loss depends not only on
the course of physiological processes, but also to a
large extent on the influence of psychological factors
that influence not only the functional state of the div
and the course of metabolic processes, but also the
success of performing sports activities [7].
Since the functional state of the athlete
–
the “beater”
–
affects the psyche, a complex of interdependent
physiological and psychological processes is created,
to correct which the coach needs to know how the
process of weight loss affects the athlete’s psyche. A
slight voluntary decrease in div weight (within 1.0
–
1.5
kg) has a beneficial effect on the athlete’s mood and
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OCLC
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Publisher:
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Servi
well-being and improves mental performance.
Excessive (especially forced) weight loss has a negative
effect on the psyche: lethargy, headache, and insomnia
may occur. Some people experience increased
irritability; others, on the contrary, are characterized by
a depressed state of mind, passivity, apathy, a state of
anxiety, and restlessness. There is a reluctance to
perform loads of large volume and intensity, the
motivation to achieve victory decreases, volitional
qualities deteriorate, etc. With artificial dehydration of
the div, muscle strength decreases and speed
qualities decrease. Weight loss also has a detrimental
effect on the nervous system.
The process of weight loss requires constant
overcoming of a number of objective and subjective
difficulties, therefore it has a pronounced volitional
orientation and is characterized by an internal
orientation towards the constant use of volitional
efforts and self-influences.
In order to reduce the risk of injury while maintaining
entertainment, weight categories were introduced in
judo: 7 for men and 7 for women. To get into a certain
weight category and maintain weight, athletes have to
resort to weight loss, and everyone uses different
methods. One of the most difficult problems in the
training system in combat sports is the control and
regulation of athletes’ weight, since this indicator
largely determines the success of their performance
[1,10].
In the last decade, the means and methods of reducing
div weight among athletes in martial arts have been
widely presented in the scientific literature, however,
in practice, due to the lack of knowledge about weight
correction, athletes use a forced method in the process
of preparing for competitions, when the required
weight is reduced on the eve of the competition or
several days before. days before it, which leads to
dehydration of the div and is accompanied by a
number of changes in metabolic processes, and also
leads to the development of acidosis. This negatively
affects the physical condition of even adult,
experienced athletes, and for adolescents it is even
fraught with loss of health, not to mention athletic
performance [3].
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