Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
1
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
–
2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
1-7
OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
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Servi
ABSTRACT
This study explores the intricate relationship between language and ideology in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple
Hibiscus, focusing on how language serves as a vehicle for ideological expression and resistance within the narrative.
The novel, set against the backdrop of political turmoil in Nigeria, reflects the complexities of familial and societal
structures through its charact
ers’ use of language. By employing a critical discourse analysis framework, this research
examines the linguistic choices made by the protagonist, Kambili, and other characters, revealing how language
shapes their identities, power dynamics, and perceptions of authority. The study highlights the dual role of language
as both a tool for oppression and a means of liberation, illustrating how Kambili’s evolving relationship with language
mirrors her journey toward self-assertion and empowerment. Furthermore, the analysis delves into the interplay
between colonial language, indigenous dialects, and the implications of this linguistic diversity for the characters’
ideologies and cultural identities. Ultimately, this research contributes to the broader discourse on language politics,
emphasizing its significance in understanding the ideological constructs within Purple Hibiscus and their relevance to
contemporary Nigerian society. Through this examination, the study underscores the transformative potential of
language in challenging oppressive structures and fostering resilience among marginalized voices.
KEYWORDS
Research Article
THE POLITICS OF LANGUAGE: IDEOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTS IN PURPLE
HIBISCUS
Submission Date:
September 21, 2024,
Accepted Date:
September 26, 2024,
Published Date:
October 01, 2024
Adoza Olusola
College of Humanities and Culture, Department of Language and Linguistics, Osun State University, Ikire
Campus, Nigeria
Kebe Alabi
College of Humanities and Culture, Department of Language and Linguistics, Osun State University, Ikire
Campus, Nigeria
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ajsshr
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
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2
American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
(ISSN
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2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
10
P
AGES
:
1-7
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Politics, Language, Ideology, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, Purple Hibiscus, Discourse Analysis, Power Dynamics,
Identity, Colonial Language, Indigenous Dialects, Cultural Identity, Oppression, Resistance, Marginalized Voices,
Nigeria.
INTRODUCTION
Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus is a
profound exploration of the complexities of language
and ideology set against the backdrop of a politically
volatile Nigeria. The novel tells the story of Kambili
Achike, a young girl navigating the oppressive
environment of her authoritarian father, Eugene,
whose strict adherence to Western ideals and
language contrasts sharply with the rich tapestry of
Nigerian culture and indigenous languages. Language
in Purple Hibiscus serves not only as a means of
communication but also as a powerful tool for
expressing and constructing ideology. Through the
characters' varied linguistic choices, Adichie illustrates
how language can reinforce power dynamics and
dictate social relationships, shaping the identities and
experiences of those within the narrative. Kambili’s
struggle for self-identity and autonomy is intricately
tied to her evolving relationship with language; as she
learns to find her voice amidst the oppressive silence
imposed by her father, she begins to reclaim her
agency. The novel’s rich use of dialogue and the
incorporation of indigenous proverbs reflect the
cultural nuances of Nigerian society while also
highlighting the impact of colonial language on
personal and collective identities. This study aims to
analyze the ideological constructs within Purple
Hibiscus, employing critical discourse analysis to
uncover the ways in which language reflects and
challenges social hierarchies, authority, and resistance.
By examining the interplay between language and
ideology,
this
research
contributes
to
the
understanding of how Adichie not only critiques the
political landscape of Nigeria but also underscores the
transformative potential of language in fostering
resilience and empowerment among marginalized
voices. Through Kambili’s journey, Adichie invites
readers to reflect on the politics of language as a
critical aspect of identity formation and social justice in
contemporary society.
METHOD
This study employs a qualitative research approach
grounded in critical discourse analysis (CDA) to
examine the ideological constructs surrounding
language in Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's Purple
Hibiscus. CDA provides a framework for understanding
the intricate relationships between language, power,
and ideology, enabling an in-depth exploration of how
language functions within the text to shape character
identities and reflect broader societal issues. The
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American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
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2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
research focuses on key linguistic elements within the
novel, including dialogue, narrative style, and the use
of indigenous proverbs, to illuminate the ways in which
language
constructs
and
conveys
ideological
meanings.
To conduct this analysis, the study begins with a close
reading of the text, paying particular attention to the
moments when characters articulate their thoughts,
feelings, and struggles through language. This involves
identifying pivotal passages that reveal power
dynamics, particularly in the interactions between
Kambili and her father, Eugene, as well as the
contrasting language used by other characters, such as
Aunty Ifeka and the family’s houseboy, Jaja. The
analysis also considers how these interactions are
framed by the political context of Nigeria, where
colonial legacies and contemporary governance
influence the characters' linguistic choices. By focusing
on specific examples of dialogue and narrative
exposition, the research aims to illustrate how
Adichie's use of language serves to reflect and critique
the socio-political environment in which her characters
exist.
In addition to close textual analysis, the study
incorporates theoretical frameworks from linguistics
and sociolinguistics, drawing on concepts such as
code-switching, linguistic imperialism, and the role of
language in identity formation. This interdisciplinary
approach allows for a nuanced understanding of how
the characters navigate their cultural heritage and
colonial influences through their use of language. For
instance, the study explores how Kambili's increasing
confidence in expressing herself through indigenous
languages parallels her journey toward self-
empowerment and resistance against her father's
authoritarianism.
Furthermore, this research engages with secondary
literature on Purple Hibiscus, incorporating critical
perspectives from scholars who have examined
Adichie’s work through various lenses, including
feminist theory, postcolonial studies, and cultural
criticism. By situating this analysis within the existing
scholarly discourse, the study aims to contribute new
insights into the complexities of language and ideology
in the novel.
Finally, the methodology involves synthesizing the
findings into broader implications for understanding
the politics of language in postcolonial contexts. This
includes reflecting on how Purple Hibiscus not only
critiques the specificities of Nigerian society but also
speaks to universal themes of power, resistance, and
identity in a globalized world. The resulting analysis will
not only shed light on the ideological constructs in
Purple Hibiscus but also underscore the critical role of
language in shaping human experiences and social
realities.
RESULTS
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OCLC
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The analysis of language and ideology in Chimamanda
Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus reveals significant
insights into how linguistic choices reflect and shape
the characters' identities and their sociopolitical
contexts. The study identifies key patterns in the
dialogues and narrative structure that illustrate the
power dynamics at play within Kambili’s family and the
broader Nigerian society. Notably, the use of English,
as the dominant language of the father, Eugene
Achike, emerges as a tool of authority and control,
reinforcing his oppressive rule over the family.
Kambili’s initial hesitance and struggle to articulate her
thoughts in English underscore the psychological
constraints imposed by her father, highlighting how
language can serve as a mechanism of domination.
Conversely, the incorporation of indigenous languages
and proverbs throughout the narrative signifies a
reclamation of cultural identity and resistance against
colonial legacies. As Kambili gradually gains confidence
in expressing herself through her native tongue, her
character transformation becomes evident. This
linguistic shift parallels her journey toward autonomy
and empowerment, showcasing the potential of
language to
challenge
oppressive
structures.
Furthermore, the analysis reveals how other
characters, such as Aunty Ifeka and Jaja, employ
language to assert their beliefs and values, further
complicating the power dynamics within the family.
Aunty Ifeka's use of proverbs and stories from their
cultural heritage highlights the importance of
traditional knowledge in fostering resilience against
the dominant colonial narrative.
The results also indicate a significant correlation
between language and identity formation in the text.
The varying degrees of fluency and comfort with
English versus indigenous languages reflect each
character's relationship with their cultural roots and
the societal expectations placed upon them. For
instance, Eugene’s prioritization of English and his
disdain
for
Nigerian
languages
signify
his
internalization of colonial ideals, while Kambili’s
evolving relationship with language illustrates her
journey toward reclaiming her identity. The analysis
ultimately emphasizes that language in Purple Hibiscus
is not merely a means of communication but a
powerful instrument for expressing ideology and
shaping social realities. The findings underscore the
novel's broader commentary on the politics of
language in postcolonial contexts, revealing how
linguistic choices can either perpetuate oppression or
foster
empowerment
and
resilience
among
marginalized voices. Through Kambili’s journey,
Adichie powerfully illustrates the transformative
potential of language in the quest for identity and
autonomy in a world marked by social and political
strife.
DISCUSSION
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American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
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2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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P
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OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
The exploration of language and ideology in
Chimamanda
Ngozi
Adichie’s
Purple
Hibiscus
illuminates the intricate connections between
linguistic choices and the construction of identity
within the context of familial and societal oppression.
The novel deftly illustrates how language can serve
both as a tool for dominance and as a means of
resistance, reflecting the complex dynamics of power
in Kambil
i’s world. Eugene Achike’s use of English as
the primary language of authority not only enforces his
control over his family but also underscores the
broader implications of colonial influence in Nigeria.
His character embodies the internalized ideologies of
colonialism, where the preference for English signifies
a rejection of indigenous cultures and languages. This
linguistic hierarchy is evident in the emotional distance
it creates between Kambili and her father, manifesting
in her struggles to communicate effectively and assert
her identity.
In contrast, the novel highlights the significance of
indigenous languages and proverbs as vital
expressions of cultural heritage and personal
empowerment. Kambili’s gradual embrace of her
native tongue symbolizes her journey toward self-
assertion and liberation from her father’s oppressive
regime. This shift is not merely a linguistic
transformation but a profound reclamation of identity
that challenges the dominant colonial narrative. Aunty
Ifeka’s use of proverbs s
erves as a vehicle for wisdom
and strength, demonstrating how traditional forms of
communication can provide resilience and connection
in the face of adversity. The interplay between English
and indigenous languages within the narrative
underscores the multifaceted nature of identity
formation, illustrating that language is a crucial factor
in shaping individual and collective experiences.
Moreover, the study highlights the role of language in
negotiating social relationships within the family and
the broader community. The varying degrees of
comfort with English and indigenous languages among
the characters reflect their differing relationships with
cultural identity and authority. Jaja’s resistance to
Eugene’s authoritarianism and his eventual embrace of
his roots further emphasize the potential for language
to facilitate empowerment and dissent. By
foregrounding these linguistic dynamics, Purple
Hibiscus invites readers to consider the broader
political implications of language in postcolonial
contexts, where issues of identity, power, and
resistance are intricately intertwined.
Ultimately, Adichie’s narrative serves as a powerful
reminder of the transformative potential of language
in challenging oppressive structures and fostering
resilience among marginalized voices. The ideological
constructs surrounding language in Purple Hibiscus not
only illuminate the specific challenges faced by the
characters but also resonate with contemporary
discourses on identity, cultural heritage, and the
Volume 04 Issue 10-2024
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American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research
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2771-2141)
VOLUME
04
ISSUE
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P
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OCLC
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1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
politics of language in a globalized world. This
discussion underscores the importance of recognizing
language as a dynamic force that shapes human
experiences, reinforces social hierarchies, and offers
pathways for resistance and empowerment. Through
Kambili’s journey, Adich
ie compellingly illustrates that
reclaiming one’s voice is not only an act of personal
defiance but also a vital step toward social justice and
collective liberation.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple
Hibiscus presents a nuanced exploration of the
interplay between language and ideology, revealing
how linguistic choices significantly shape identities and
social dynamics within the narrative. The study
highlights the dual role of language as both a tool of
oppression and a means of resistance, particularly
through the experiences of the protagonist, Kambili
Achike. Eugene Achike's dominance through English
exemplifies the colonial legacies that persist in
contemporary Nigerian society, while Kambili's journey
toward self-assertion through indigenous languages
illustrates the transformative power of reclaiming
one's voice and cultural heritage.
Furthermore, the analysis underscores the importance
of indigenous proverbs and dialects in fostering
resilience and cultural identity among the characters,
providing a stark contrast to the oppressive
environment cultivated by Eugene. This linguistic
diversity not only enriches the narrative but also
reinforces the notion that language is an essential
component of identity and agency in the face of
systemic oppression. The findings of this study
contribute to a broader understanding of the politics
of language in postcolonial literature, emphasizing its
critical role in shaping personal and collective
experiences.
Ultimately, Adichie’s work serv
es as a poignant
reminder of the significance of language in navigating
power dynamics and cultural identity. By illuminating
the ideological constructs embedded within language,
Purple Hibiscus invites readers to reflect on the
broader implications of linguistic expression and its
capacity to challenge social hierarchies. The novel
underscores the necessity of embracing diverse
linguistic identities as a means of fostering
empowerment and resilience, emphasizing that the
politics of language is a vital aspect of the struggle for
social justice and collective liberation. Through this
exploration, Adichie not only critiques the socio-
political landscape of Nigeria but also speaks to
universal themes of identity, resistance, and the
enduring impact of language in shaping human
experiences.
REFERENCE
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