No. 06 (2024) Volume 04 Issue 06

The movement of civilization over the ages includes several fields of knowledge related to cultural, religious, economic, and scientific aspects. Moreover, every civilization has different interests and targets trying to achieve them. On the other hand, the civilizations can classify to two ones: western and eastern. Then, these classifications have led to a sort of differences and then conflict resulting from the difference of directions of knowledge mentioned. So, the religions and their outputs due to disagreement on the practical lifestyle generated a vast gap among societies, especially after the era of globalization as well. Thus, the research highlights the religious doctrine of fighting others based on Islamic and Christian concepts. The paper starts highlighting the civilization and its main aspects. Then, how the difference of the fighting doctrines for Islam adopting ‘Jihad’ and Christianity adopting ‘Just War’ impacts on the attitudes of leaderships and societies as well.        

Corruption, a pervasive and insidious phenomenon, has plagued societies throughout history, transcending geographical, cultural, and political boundaries. This article delves deep into the roots of corruption, tracing its origins, evolution, and enduring impact on individuals, institutions, and nations. By examining historical examples from ancient civilizations to modern democracies, we aim to shed light on the complex nature of corruption, its causes, and the strategies employed to combat this formidable challenge. Through this comprehensive analysis, we seek to foster a better understanding of corruption and its far-reaching consequences on social, economic, and political structures.       

Assessment is a crucial aspect of the educational process, influencing both teaching and learning. This article examines five fundamental principles of assessment: Practicality, Reliability, Validity, Washback, and Authenticity. These principles ensure that assessments are effective, fair, and beneficial for both students and educators. Integrating these principles can enhance the overall educational experience, promoting meaningful and lasting learning outcomes.

The unique features of the poetry of the independence period.  And the influence of this process on the literary work can be seen in the analysis of a number of poems.             

Profile training, as outlined in the Concept, is a means of differentiation and individualization of training, allowing more full consideration of the interests, inclinations and abilities of students, creating conditions for learning in accordance with their professional interests and intentions for subsequent education. To understand the essence of the goal, one should, first of all, understand the history of the issue, the search for ways to implement it and the opportunities that open up in the new conditions of education.             

The аrticle оffers а cоmprehensive аnаlysis оf the multifаceted nаture оf sаfety аnd hоw it is perceived аnd enаcted in vаriоus dimensiоns оf life. It delves intо the cоnceptuаl frаmewоrk оf а culture оf sаfe living аnd explоres its аpplicаtiоn in physicаl, emоtiоnаl, аnd digitаl reаlms. The аrticle is аn essentiаl resоurce fоr educаtоrs, pоlicymаkers, аnd cоmmunity leаders. It prоvides а thоrоugh understаnding оf the cоncept оf а culture оf sаfe living аnd its аpplicаtiоn in vаriоus cоntexts. By аddressing the intercоnnectedness оf physicаl, emоtiоnаl, аnd digitаl sаfety, the аrticle highlights the need fоr cоmprehensive strаtegies tо prоmоte оverаll well-being аnd resilience. It serves аs а vаluаble guide fоr develоping pоlicies аnd prаctices thаt fоster а rоbust culture оf sаfety in diverse envirоnments.