No. 3 (2025) Advanced Economics and Pedagogical Technologies

This article analyzes the role of bank loans in financing investment projects and the possibilities of increasing their effectiveness. Currently, banks serve as one of the main financial sources in financing investment projects. However, various problems in the financial system, difficulties in assessing risks, high collateral requirements and lack of long-term resources hinder the effective use of bank loans. The article analyzes the sources of financing of investment projects, changes in investments in fixed capital by sources of financing, the dynamics of bank loans within the framework of family entrepreneurship development programs, and the share of loans allocated to entrepreneurial activity through comparative tables. According to the results of the study, scientific proposals and recommendations were developed to expand the participation of bank loans in the investment process and increase the role of bank loans in financing investment projects.

In this study, the theoretical and methodological foundations of improving the mechanisms for increasing personnel potential in the service sector are deeply studied. In particular, the specific features of the service system, the need to form personnel with modern knowledge and skills, and the factors of effective use of labor resources are analyzed. In the course of the research, foreign experience was studied, and the possibilities of its application based on models adapted to national conditions were determined. Also, theoretical proposals are put forward for reforming the professional development system in the service sector, developing effective mechanisms based on criteria for assessing professional competence and innovative approaches. The research results have important scientific and practical significance in the development of human capital and the training of competitive personnel in the service sector.

The article examines internal and external factors that influence the efficiency of the enterprise value management system, and details the role and significance of these factors in the enterprise value management process. The important role of the efficiency of managing production, investment and innovation processes at the enterprise, managing the financial and material resources available at the enterprise, as well as human resources, in the enterprise value management system is substantiated.

This article focuses on analyzing the growth of China's industry during the period from 1992 to 2023 and calculating its forecast for the next 5 years. The aim of the article is to examine the short-term and long-term relationships between China's industrial development and the economic indicators of the selected factors. A quantitative method was applied in the study. To analyze the industry that characterizes economic development and the macroeconomic factors influencing this indicator, econometric time series models were used, including OLS (Ordinary Least Squares) and VAR.

The article is devoted to the problems of improving the system of production and processing of steppe-pasture livestock products. The issues of pasture degradation, reduced productivity, factors affecting the nutrition of Karakul sheep, and the development of livestock farming using innovative technologies are covered in detail. The proposed technologies are aimed at the effective use of pasture resources, increasing productivity and ensuring economic efficiency.

This article explores the main factors that hinder the formation and development of Uzbekistan’s tourism brand. From a marketing perspective, a tourism brand is not only a means of creating a positive external image but also a reflection of the country’s economic, social, and cultural development. However, several systemic challenges stand in the way of fully implementing a cohesive brand strategy.

В данной статье проведен анализ кредитного портфеля государственных банков Республики Узбекистан. Проанализирована политика коммерческих банков в отношении физических лиц и кредитная политика в отношении юридических лиц. Разработаны предложения по эффективному использованию кредитных рисков и кредитных линий в коммерческих банках.

This article examines the position of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the Logistics Performance Index (LPI) rankings, analyzing the key indicators that shape the index and their impact on the national transport system. The study identifies the correlation between LPI scores and the current state of Uzbekistan’s transport and logistics infrastructure, highlighting existing challenges and development opportunities. The role of LPI in enhancing the country’s transit potential within the global trade system is also emphasized. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at improving Uzbekistan’s performance in the LPI rankings.

This article highlights the importance of introducing digital technologies and blockchain systems in increasing the efficiency of innovative processes in the activities of commercial banks and ensuring competitiveness. The role of modern information technologies, in particular blockchain platforms, in the process of digitizing the bank lending system, their functional capabilities, level of security and efficiency of use are analyzed. The article also details the trends in the digitalization of the economy, the spread of mobile and Internet services, the share of the ICT sector in GDP, and the development of e-commerce. The need to use economic and mathematical (econometric) models in assessing and forecasting economic processes is substantiated.

This article is based on the development and implementation of a climate budget labeling model for Uzbekistan with the support of the United Nations Development Program. The history of the economic approach to the concept of sustainable development is covered. A forecast of funds provided for 2024 for the section of “green” budgeting sectors is given.

In this article, the system of certification and accreditation of tour guides in all regions of the country in the training of guide-excursionists for the use of the tourism potential of the Navoi region, as well as the increase in demand for quality excursion services and their effectiveness due to the rapid development of domestic tourism in Uzbekistan, were studied. The reforms being carried out in Uzbekistan and the prospects for development in this area were also highlighted.

This article analyzes the main indicators of the tourism sector, studies the level of employment in the sector and theoretical aspects aimed at increasing it. In addition, practical proposals are presented for increasing the level of employment in  tourism sector.

The given article explores the definitions related to the concept of rail diplomacy provided by diverse scientists and sources. It also covers the attitudes to rail diplomacy in different country cases as well as the prospects for the development of railway diplomacy in the conditions of integration of the counties into the world economy. The article touches upon the potential consequences and benefits of the application of the railway diplomacy for the whole economy and specific branches of it. The statistics dealing with the certain projects related to the railway diplomacy in definite countries were also used in the work.

This paper examines the impact of loyalty programs on customer loyalty in the fashion industry. A systematic literature review was conducted first, followed by an online survey of 200 respondents. Logistic regression analysis revealed that program participation, discounts, and mobile app usage positively influence purchasing decisions. The model’s pseudo R² of 0.48 indicates that the included variables explain over half of the variance. Findings highlight financial incentives and the convenience of digital platforms as critical drivers of customer loyalty. The study emphasizes the need to combine thorough literature review, empirical surveys, and econometric modeling to design effective loyalty programs.

This article discusses the analysis of material resource provision and its main directions. It also presents various approaches to analyzing the provision of material resources as described in scientific sources. As a result of the research, the author’s methodology for analyzing the provision of material resources is proposed, along with ways to use it effectively and reduce resource consumption. The analysis of material resource provision highlights the aspects that should be given due attention. Additionally, factor analysis was used to calculate the impact of the volume of material resources and their return rate on the volume of production.

В современном цифровом пространстве платформы социальных сетей стали неотъемлемой частью образовательных процессов. В этой статье анализируются несколько успешных случаев использования социальных сетей для продвижения и управления образовательными инициативами. Исследование фокусируется на практиках школ и университетов на таких платформах, как Telegram, Instagram, TikTok и LinkedIn. Особое внимание уделяется стратегическим коммуникациям, цифровому лидерству и методам взаимодействия с аудиторией. Результаты способствуют разработке практических рекомендаций по эффективному использованию социальных сетей в управлении образованием.

The article shows the economic essence of tax risk and the importance of scientific views on it, the importance of tax policy in shaping economic behavior and results in Uzbekistan. They are studied from the point of view of high tax rates, complex rules and low tax ethics as serious obstacles to entrepreneurial activity and development, and scientific conclusions and proposals are formulated, taking into account the economic essence of tax risk and scientific views on it.

This article explores the role of insurance in providing economic support to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The author highlights the importance of insurance mechanisms in risk management, ensuring financial stability, and improving the investment environment for SMEs. The paper also analyzes the current state of the insurance sector in Uzbekistan, identifies key challenges, and proposes measures for its further development. The article offers practical and research-based recommendations to strengthen insurance protection for small businesses.

This article analyzes the development of the fisheries sector in the Republic of Uzbekistan, particularly in the Syrdarya region, using econometric methods. The study highlights the role of fish products in food security, public health, and economic diversification. The analysis is based on statistical data from 2010 to 2023 and evaluated using autocorrelation and the Durbin-Watson test. Forecast values for the next five years are developed, and practical conclusions are presented to further enhance the fisheries sector.

This study investigates the associations between sociodemographic factors and out-of-school rates among children of compulsory school age in Uzbekistan, using nationally representative household survey data. Out-of-school rates were analyzed across primary, lower secondary, and upper secondary education levels. Results reveal that students at the upper secondary level are significantly more likely to be out of school compared to younger peers. Additionally, household wealth was significantly associated with school exclusion at the primary and lower secondary levels. No significant differences were found by gender, area of residence, or region, suggesting possible progress in educational equity or limitations in aggregate-level data to detect more nuanced disparities. The study offers practical implications for targeted interventions and calls for further research using causal and longitudinal methods to better understand the mechanisms behind school non-attendance.

This article analyzes the current challenges in accounting for foreign exchange differences in Uzbekistan and presents practical and methodological solutions based on digital transformation. The study emphasizes the importance of automating exchange rate updates, developing a methodology aligned with IFRS 21, and implementing an AI-based monitoring system to enhance accuracy, transparency, and compliance in financial reporting.

This article examines professional standards as a strategic instrument for transforming the workforce training system in the Republic of Uzbekistan amid ongoing labor market reforms. A comparative analysis is presented of approaches to the development and implementation of professional qualifications in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Russia, and Albania. Based on an analysis of the regulatory framework and the application of standards in Uzbekistan’s tourism sector, key challenges and barriers are identified. The results of an empirical study reveal the levels of perception of professional standards among employers and educational institutions, as well as indicate directions for the institutional development of the national qualification system. Particular attention is given to the adaptation of international practices to the national context. Based on a conducted SWOT analysis, recommendations are formulated for improving mechanisms of implementation and updating of professional standards.

The article discusses the problems related to the main areas of effective management of the loan portfolio of commercial banks, as well as improving the management of the loan portfolio of commercial banks, and has developed proposals to address them.

This article analyzes the development of gastronomic tourism in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, examining its potential, the conditions currently being created for the tourism sector, and the resources available for gastronomic tourism. The main focus is on the national dishes of the Karakalpaks, including their preparation techniques, incorporation into tourist routes, and descriptions of various traditional foods. Additionally, based on research, the author has compiled and analyzed a list of key dishes in Karakalpak cuisine.

This study examines the causality between foreign direct investment (FDI), economic growth, and trade openness in Uzbekistan over the period 1997-2023. Based on the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, it is concluded that all of the variables are integrated of order one, or I(1). Johansen cointegration test also confirms the existence of at least two long-run cointegrating vector among the variables in question. A Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) is employed to examine causality in both the short and long run. The results illustrate a bi-directional relationship between FDI, economic growth, and trade openness in both time frames. These findings are suggestive of the reality that policies of trade liberalization and investment climate can stimulate economic growth, FDI inflows, and trade growth concurrently. The paper presents practical policy implications for ensuring Uzbekistan's macroeconomic stability and long-run development via a coordinated trade and investment policy.