THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND TECHNOLOGY: HOW AI (CHATGPT) IS INFLUENCING THE ENGLISH LEXICON AND CAN ASSIST IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

Abstract

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) has significantly influenced human language use. Among the most prominent AI tools, ChatGPT has become a major agent in shaping and expanding the English lexicon while providing innovative opportunities for language learning. This paper examines how AI-specifically ChatGPT has contributed to lexical innovation, changed language practices, and served as a dynamic educational tool. Through a mixed-methods approach, this study investigates the emergence of neologisms, shifting semantic fields, and the incorporation of AI in language pedagogy. The findings indicate that AI technologies are not only reshaping English vocabulary but also enabling more personalized and effective language acquisition strategies.

Universal science research jurnali
Source type: Journals
Years of coverage from 2023
inLibrary
Google Scholar
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16763458
CC BY f
7-12

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
To share
Mukhiddinova Rushana Mirkomilovna, & Sulaymonov Bobur Nodir ugli. (2025). THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND TECHNOLOGY: HOW AI (CHATGPT) IS INFLUENCING THE ENGLISH LEXICON AND CAN ASSIST IN LANGUAGE LEARNING. Journal of Universal Science Research, 3(8), 7–12. Retrieved from https://www.inlibrary.uz/index.php/universal-scientific-research/article/view/133045
Crossref
Сrossref
Scopus
Scopus

Abstract

The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) has significantly influenced human language use. Among the most prominent AI tools, ChatGPT has become a major agent in shaping and expanding the English lexicon while providing innovative opportunities for language learning. This paper examines how AI-specifically ChatGPT has contributed to lexical innovation, changed language practices, and served as a dynamic educational tool. Through a mixed-methods approach, this study investigates the emergence of neologisms, shifting semantic fields, and the incorporation of AI in language pedagogy. The findings indicate that AI technologies are not only reshaping English vocabulary but also enabling more personalized and effective language acquisition strategies.


background image

ISSN (E): 2181-4570 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 6,4 / 2024 SJIF 2024 = 5.073/Volume-3, Issue-7

7

THE INTERACTION BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND TECHNOLOGY: HOW AI

(CHATGPT) IS INFLUENCING THE ENGLISH LEXICON AND CAN ASSIST

IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

Mukhiddinova Rushana Mirkomilovna

1

st

year Master’s student of the Foreign languages and literature faculty, Asia

Technologies University, Uzbekistan

E-Mail:

Muhiddinovarushana@Gmail.Com

Scientific advisor: PhD., assoc.prof., Sulaymonov Bobur Nodir ugli

Abstract

. The rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural

Language Processing (NLP) has significantly influenced human language use. Among the
most prominent AI tools, ChatGPT has become a major agent in shaping and expanding
the English lexicon while providing innovative opportunities for language learning. This
paper examines how AI-specifically ChatGPT

has contributed to lexical innovation,

changed language practices, and served as a dynamic educational tool. Through a mixed-
methods approach, this study investigates the emergence of neologisms, shifting semantic
fields, and the incorporation of AI in language pedagogy. The findings indicate that AI
technologies are not only reshaping English vocabulary but also enabling more
personalized and effective language acquisition strategies.

Key words:

ChatGPT, AI, English lexicon, neologisms, language learning,

educational technology


Introduction.

The twenty-first century has witnessed an unprecedented integration

of technology into daily life, with language being a key area of transformation. Artificial
Intelligence (AI), particularly large language models such as ChatGPT developed by
OpenAI, is playing an increasingly pivotal role in human communication, education, and
information processing. This interaction between language and technology is altering the
English lexicon through the creation of new terms, redefinition of existing ones, and
introduction of novel discourse practices.
The English language, being highly adaptable and global, readily absorbs technological
changes. Words like "algorithm", "bot", "deepfake", and "prompt engineering" have


background image

ISSN (E): 2181-4570 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 6,4 / 2024 SJIF 2024 = 5.073/Volume-3, Issue-7

8

entered mainstream usage, while older words like "feed" or "thread" have acquired new
meanings in digital contexts. ChatGPT, an AI capable of human-like text generation, has
accelerated these changes. Additionally, the application of AI in language education

providing real-time feedback, interactive conversation, and custom learning paths

is

reshaping pedagogical methods.

This article explores two interrelated dynamics: first, the influence of ChatGPT on

English vocabulary; and second, its application as a supportive tool in language learning.
By examining recent examples and educational use cases, we aim to demonstrate how AI
is both a product and driver of linguistic evolution.

Methodology.

A mixed-methods approach was adopted to explore the impact of

ChatGPT on the English lexicon and its utility in language learning. The methodology
comprises three components:

Lexical Data Analysis. We collected a corpus of English-language content (2022-

2025) from online platforms where AI-related discussions are prevalent (e.g., Reddit,
Medium, Twitter, Quora). Using Python's Natural Language Toolkit (NLTK), keyword
frequency and semantic shift analyses were conducted to track neologisms and evolving
meanings.

Case Studies in Language Learning. Several educational use cases were examined

in detail. These included data from teachers using ChatGPT to enhance student vocabulary
and learner interviews conducted in Uzbekistan and India, focusing on A2 to B2-level
English learners.

Survey. A questionnaire was distributed to 150 English learners and educators

globally to collect qualitative and quantitative data about ChatGPT’s usefulness in
language learning.

This triangulation method ensures a robust and comprehensive understanding of

both linguistic and pedagogical dimensions.

Results.

Lexical Innovations. Our corpus analysis revealed over 200 new terms or

semantic shifts directly or indirectly related to AI use.

For instance: Prompt engineering: refers to crafting effective inputs for AI.

Hallucination (in AI): AI-generated content that is plausible-sounding but factually

incorrect.

Zero-shot learning: AI’s ability to perform tasks without explicit prior training.


background image

ISSN (E): 2181-4570 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 6,4 / 2024 SJIF 2024 = 5.073/Volume-3, Issue-7

9

AI ethics: a multidisciplinary term becoming more lexically salient. These terms are
increasingly present in online dictionaries, blogs, and even academic journals. Social
media contributes to their rapid dissemination and informal standardization.

ChatGPT in Language Learning. The survey revealed that 82% of respondents

found ChatGPT helpful in expanding vocabulary, especially for academic English. Case
studies showed that learners who practiced vocabulary through ChatGPT-generated
dialogues retained words better. For example, Uzbek students learning English used
ChatGPT to practice idioms, receiving both contextual examples and grammatical
explanations.

One student remarked. “I learned how to use ‘beat around the bush’ from ChatGPT

in a funny roleplay about politicians - it helped me remember it better”.
Learners also reported improved confidence in conversation and self-expression due to
real-time, nonjudgmental AI interaction.

Discussion.

The findings suggest a dual impact of AI tools like ChatGPT: they are

both sources of new language and tools for acquiring it. From a linguistic perspective, AI
accelerates lexical expansion in three key ways:

Terminological Innovation. As AI tools develop, so do new linguistic terms. These

innovations often follow patterns of compounding (e.g., "chatbot," "prompt-chain") and
conversion (e.g., "to prompt" as a verb).

Semantic Broadening and Narrowing. Existing words gain new technical meanings

(e.g., "token", "model"), creating polysemy and domain-specific jargon.

Syntax Influence. AI interactions may normalize certain sentence patterns. For

instance, the “Could you please…” structure appears with high frequency in ChatGPT
prompts, subtly influencing politeness strategies in learners. In education, ChatGPT
fosters autonomous learning. It enables:

Instant definitions and example generation;
Grammar correction with explanation;
Simulated dialogues with situational vocabulary.
Furthermore, AI adapts to learners’ styles. A B2 student in India used ChatGPT to

paraphrase complex IELTS passages and practiced writing essays. Her scores improved
by 1.5 bands in three months. However, challenges persist:

AI may reinforce incorrect usage if misused;


background image

ISSN (E): 2181-4570 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 6,4 / 2024 SJIF 2024 = 5.073/Volume-3, Issue-7

10

Over-reliance may reduce human interaction;
Cultural and pragmatic nuances are not always conveyed.
Despite these issues, when integrated with proper guidance, ChatGPT proves a

powerful educational ally.

Conclusion.

ChatGPT is reshaping the English lexicon and language education

simultaneously. It contributes to rapid neologism formation, alters semantic fields, and
provides personalized, scalable learning tools. As this paper demonstrates, these changes
are not isolated but reflect a broader technological transformation influencing how we
speak, write, and learn.

Future research should examine cross-linguistic effects of AI, long-term retention

in AI-assisted learning, and strategies to mitigate over-dependence. If harnessed ethically
and thoughtfully, ChatGPT and similar tools can democratize language learning and
enrich linguistic diversity.

List of references:

1. Biber, D., & Conrad, S. (2009). Register, Genre, and Style. Cambridge University
Press.
2. Godwin-Jones, R. (2018). “Using Mobile AI for Language Learning”. Language
Learning & Technology, 22(1), 3-9.
3. OpenAI. (2023). “ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue”. Retrieved
from https://openai.com
4. Pavlick, E. (2022). “Linguistic Implications of AI Language Models”. Annual Review
of Linguistics, 8, 101-119.
5. Tagg, C. (2015). Exploring Digital Communication. Routledge.
6. Warschauer, M. (2013). “The Technological Turn in Language Education”. Educational
Researcher, 42(1), 25–29.
7. Postman, N. (1992). Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology. Knopf.
8. Godwin-Jones, R. (2020). Emerging technologies: AI and language learning. Language
Learning & Technology, 24(3), 2–11.
9. Zuckermann, G. (2020). Lexical engineering and cultural impact: Case studies in
modern neologism formation. International Journal of Lexicography, 33(2), 179-200.

https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecz015


background image

ISSN (E): 2181-4570 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 6,4 / 2024 SJIF 2024 = 5.073/Volume-3, Issue-7

11

10. Ismoilov, A., & Bakhtiyorova, M. (2024). THE PROBLEM OF COMPONENTIAL
ANALYSIS OF MEANING IN PRESENT DAY LEXICOLOGY. Current approaches
and new research in modern sciences, 3(7), 26-29.
11. Alisher o'g'li, I. A., & Bakhtiyorovna, B. M. (2024, May). THE PROBLEM OF
COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS OF MEANING IN PRESENT DAY LEXICOLOGY. In
Konferensiyalar| Conferences (Vol. 1, No. 10, pp. 748-752).
12. BAXTIYOROVA, M. (2024). ONOMASTIK KONSEPT TUSHUNCHASI. UzMU
xabarlari, 1(1.4), 288-292.
13. Камолова, Р. Ш., & Бахтиярова, М. (2024). ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ
КОННОТАЦИИ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ, ОПИСЫВАЮЩИХ ПОГОДУ. TA'LIM VA
RIVOJLANISH TAHLILI ONLAYN ILMIY JURNALI, 4(1), 30-33.
14. Baxtiyorova, M. (2023). ONOMASTIKONLARNING LINGVOMADANIY
XUSUSIYATLARI. Namangan davlat universiteti Ilmiy axborotnomasi, (9), 464-469.
15. Baxtiyorovna, B. M. (2023). INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK BADIIY ADABIYOTIDA
ONOMASTIKONLARNING

CHOG‘ISHTIRMA

SEMANTIK

TAHLILI.

"

GERMANY"

MODERN

SCIENTIFIC

RESEARCH:

ACHIEVEMENTS,

INNOVATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS, 9(1).
16. Baxtiyorova, M. (2023). INGLIZ VA O ‘ZBEK BADIIY ADABIYOTIDA ASAR
QAHRAMONLARI NOMLARINING MATN “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-
INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 3, ISSUE 01,
2025. YANUARY ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 221
YARATISHDAGI ISHTIROKI. Namangan davlat universiteti Ilmiy axborotnomasi,
(10), 268-273.
17. Bakhtiyorovna, B. M. (2022). Discursive-pragmatic nature of anthroponyms. Asian
Journal Of Multidimensional Research, 11(9), 110-114.
18. Bakhtiyarova, M. B. (2021). VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT" ONIM" IN
LINGUOCOGNITOLOGY. Ростовский научный вестник, (3), 11- 12.
19. Baxtiyorova, M. B. (2020). ANTROPONIMLARNING SHAKLLANISHIDA
MORFEMALARNING

SEMANTIK

VA

USLUBIY

XUSUSIYATLARI.

Студенческий вестник, (36-3), 96-98.
20. Bakhtiyorova, M. (2019). THE EFFECT OF USING MNEMONICS. Студенческий
вестник, (22-8), 63-65.


background image

ISSN (E): 2181-4570 ResearchBib Impact Factor: 6,4 / 2024 SJIF 2024 = 5.073/Volume-3, Issue-7

12

21. Pulatova, S., & Bakhtiyorova, M. (2019). THE STRUCTURALSEMANTIC
ANALYSIS OF THE WORDS RELATED TO" SPORTS" IN PRESENT DAY
ENGLISH. Студенческий вестник, (22-8), 69-71.
22. Bakhtiyorova, M., & Djumabayeva, J. (2017). WRITERS MAKE NATIONAL
LITERATURE, WHILE TRANSLATORS MAKE UNIVERSAL LITERATURE.
Студенческий вестник, (10), 55-56.
23. Bakhtiyorova, M., & Elmurodova, F. (2017). THE PRINCIPLES OF SEMANTICS.
Студенческий вестник, (10), 52-54.
24. Bakhtiyorova, M., & Elmurodova, F. (2017). PAPERS IN ENGLISH.
СТУДЕНЧЕСКИЙ ВЕСТНИК, 10, 52
25. Mamadiyorova Mariyam Kosim kizi, & Bakhtiyorova Maftuna Bakhtiyorovna.
(2025). PRAGMATIC AND STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF NEOLOGISMS IN
CONTEMPORARY MEDIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR VOCABULARY
TEACHING.

Journal

of

Universal

Science

Research,

3(1),

89-95.

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14674390

https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/jusr/article/view/9454

26. Mamadiyorova , M. ., & Bakhtiyorova , M. . (2025). PRAGMATIC AND STYLISTIC
ASPECTS OF NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN ENGLISH (BASED ON MEDIA
MATERIALS)

AND

THEIR

ROLE

IN

TEACHING

VOCABULARY.

Центральноазиатский журнал междисциплинарных исследований и исследований в
области

управления,

2(1),

187-191.

извлечено

от

https://in-

academy.uz/index.php/cajmrms/article/view/43009

27. Mamadiyorova , M.., & Bakhtiyorova , M. . (2025). PRAGMATIC AND STYLISTIC
ASPECTS OF NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN ENGLISH (BASED ON MEDIA
MATERIALS) AND THEIR ROLE IN TEACHING VOCABULARY. (2025). Journal
of

Science-Innovative

Research

in

Uzbekistan, 3(1),

217-

221.

https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/jsiru/article/view/9503

References

Biber, D., & Conrad, S. (2009). Register, Genre, and Style. Cambridge University Press.

Godwin-Jones, R. (2018). “Using Mobile AI for Language Learning”. Language Learning & Technology, 22(1), 3-9.

OpenAI. (2023). “ChatGPT: Optimizing Language Models for Dialogue”. Retrieved from https://openai.com

Pavlick, E. (2022). “Linguistic Implications of AI Language Models”. Annual Review of Linguistics, 8, 101-119.

Tagg, C. (2015). Exploring Digital Communication. Routledge.

Warschauer, M. (2013). “The Technological Turn in Language Education”. Educational Researcher, 42(1), 25–29.

Postman, N. (1992). Technopoly: The Surrender of Culture to Technology. Knopf.

Godwin-Jones, R. (2020). Emerging technologies: AI and language learning. Language Learning & Technology, 24(3), 2–11.

Zuckermann, G. (2020). Lexical engineering and cultural impact: Case studies in modern neologism formation. International Journal of Lexicography, 33(2), 179-200. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecz015

Ismoilov, A., & Bakhtiyorova, M. (2024). THE PROBLEM OF COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS OF MEANING IN PRESENT DAY LEXICOLOGY. Current approaches and new research in modern sciences, 3(7), 26-29.

Alisher o'g'li, I. A., & Bakhtiyorovna, B. M. (2024, May). THE PROBLEM OF COMPONENTIAL ANALYSIS OF MEANING IN PRESENT DAY LEXICOLOGY. In Konferensiyalar| Conferences (Vol. 1, No. 10, pp. 748-752).

BAXTIYOROVA, M. (2024). ONOMASTIK KONSEPT TUSHUNCHASI. UzMU xabarlari, 1(1.4), 288-292.

Камолова, Р. Ш., & Бахтиярова, М. (2024). ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНЫЕ КОННОТАЦИИ ПРИЛАГАТЕЛЬНЫХ, ОПИСЫВАЮЩИХ ПОГОДУ. TA'LIM VA RIVOJLANISH TAHLILI ONLAYN ILMIY JURNALI, 4(1), 30-33.

Baxtiyorova, M. (2023). ONOMASTIKONLARNING LINGVOMADANIY XUSUSIYATLARI. Namangan davlat universiteti Ilmiy axborotnomasi, (9), 464-469.

Baxtiyorovna, B. M. (2023). INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK BADIIY ADABIYOTIDA ONOMASTIKONLARNING CHOG‘ISHTIRMA SEMANTIK TAHLILI. " GERMANY" MODERN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH: ACHIEVEMENTS, INNOVATIONS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS, 9(1).

Baxtiyorova, M. (2023). INGLIZ VA O ‘ZBEK BADIIY ADABIYOTIDA ASAR QAHRAMONLARI NOMLARINING MATN “JOURNAL OF SCIENCE-INNOVATIVE RESEARCH IN UZBEKISTAN” JURNALI VOLUME 3, ISSUE 01, 2025. YANUARY ResearchBib Impact Factor: 9.654/2024 ISSN 2992-8869 221 YARATISHDAGI ISHTIROKI. Namangan davlat universiteti Ilmiy axborotnomasi, (10), 268-273.

Bakhtiyorovna, B. M. (2022). Discursive-pragmatic nature of anthroponyms. Asian Journal Of Multidimensional Research, 11(9), 110-114.

Bakhtiyarova, M. B. (2021). VERBALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT" ONIM" IN LINGUOCOGNITOLOGY. Ростовский научный вестник, (3), 11- 12.

Baxtiyorova, M. B. (2020). ANTROPONIMLARNING SHAKLLANISHIDA MORFEMALARNING SEMANTIK VA USLUBIY XUSUSIYATLARI. Студенческий вестник, (36-3), 96-98.

Bakhtiyorova, M. (2019). THE EFFECT OF USING MNEMONICS. Студенческий вестник, (22-8), 63-65.

Pulatova, S., & Bakhtiyorova, M. (2019). THE STRUCTURALSEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF THE WORDS RELATED TO" SPORTS" IN PRESENT DAY ENGLISH. Студенческий вестник, (22-8), 69-71.

Bakhtiyorova, M., & Djumabayeva, J. (2017). WRITERS MAKE NATIONAL LITERATURE, WHILE TRANSLATORS MAKE UNIVERSAL LITERATURE. Студенческий вестник, (10), 55-56.

Bakhtiyorova, M., & Elmurodova, F. (2017). THE PRINCIPLES OF SEMANTICS. Студенческий вестник, (10), 52-54.

Bakhtiyorova, M., & Elmurodova, F. (2017). PAPERS IN ENGLISH. СТУДЕНЧЕСКИЙ ВЕСТНИК, 10, 52

Mamadiyorova Mariyam Kosim kizi, & Bakhtiyorova Maftuna Bakhtiyorovna. (2025). PRAGMATIC AND STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF NEOLOGISMS IN CONTEMPORARY MEDIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR VOCABULARY TEACHING. Journal of Universal Science Research, 3(1), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14674390

https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/jusr/article/view/9454

Mamadiyorova , M. ., & Bakhtiyorova , M. . (2025). PRAGMATIC AND STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN ENGLISH (BASED ON MEDIA MATERIALS) AND THEIR ROLE IN TEACHING VOCABULARY. Центральноазиатский журнал междисциплинарных исследований и исследований в области управления, 2(1), 187-191. извлечено от https://in-academy.uz/index.php/cajmrms/article/view/43009

Mamadiyorova , M.., & Bakhtiyorova , M. . (2025). PRAGMATIC AND STYLISTIC ASPECTS OF NEOLOGISMS IN MODERN ENGLISH (BASED ON MEDIA MATERIALS) AND THEIR ROLE IN TEACHING VOCABULARY. (2025). Journal of Science-Innovative Research in Uzbekistan, 3(1), 217-221. https://universalpublishings.com/index.php/jsiru/article/view/9503