ZARMED
UNIVERSITETI
367
“Ijtimoiy va gumanitar ta’lim yo‘nalishlardagi talabalarning
kompetentligini oshirish: muammolar va yechimlar” mavzusida
Respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari to’plami
Samarqand-2025. 23-24-may
INTERACTIVE METHODS FOR DEVELOPING VERBAL LITERACY IN
PREPARING CHILDREN OF THE SCHOOL PREPARATORY GROUP FOR
PRIMARY EDUCATION
Shakarova Nilufar Zuvaydullaevna
PhD student of Samarkand State University
Abstract.
This article examines how literacy instruction affects the speech
development of children aged 6-7 as well as the strategies and tactics employed in this
process. The study's objectives were to examine mastery indicators, offer suggestions
for how to teach children to read, and enhance the speech abilities of preschool-aged
children between the ages of six and seven through interactive
used in the educational process to promote literacy and enhance the speaking, narrative,
and vocabulary skills of children aged 6-7 as they prepared for school.
Key words:
preparation for school, primary education, literacy, speech ability,
gamification, creative ability, interactive ways, mnemonic table.
MAKTABGA TAYYORLOV GURUHI BOLALARINI BOSHLANGʻICH
TAʼLIMGA TAYYORLASHDA NUTQIY SAVODXONLIGINI
RIVOJLANTIRISHNING INTERAKTIV USULLARI
Annotatsiya.
Ushbu maqolada maktabga tayyorlov davrida savod o‘rgatishning
6-7 yoshdagi bolalar nutqining rivojlanishiga ta’siri, shuningdek, ushbu jarayonda
qo‘llaniladigan interaktiv usullar keltirilgan. Maktabga tayyorlov guruhi bolalarini
savodga o‘rgatish hamda olti yoshdan yetti yoshgacha bo‘lgan maktabgacha yoshdagi
bolalarning nutq qobiliyatlarini - ogʻzaki va yozma nutq, hikoya qilish va so‘z boyligini
oshirish maqsadida o‘quv jarayonida interfaol usullardan foydalanish haqidagi fikrlar
bayon qilingan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
maktabga tayyorgarlik, boshlang‘ich ta’lim, savodxonlik, nutqiy
qobiliyat, gemifikatsiya, ijodiy qobiliyat, interaktiv usullar, mnemonik jadval.
ИНТЕРАКТИВНЫЕ МЕТОДЫ РАЗВИТИЯ РЕЧЕВОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ
ПРИ ПОДГОТОВКЕ ДЕТЕЙ ПОДГОТОВИТЕЛЬНОЙ ГРУППЫ К
НАЧАЛЬНОМУ ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ
ZARMED
UNIVERSITETI
368
“Ijtimoiy va gumanitar ta’lim yo‘nalishlardagi talabalarning
kompetentligini oshirish: muammolar va yechimlar” mavzusida
Respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari to’plami
Samarqand-2025. 23-24-may
Аннотация.
В статье обсуждается важность обучения грамоте в
подготовительный период к школе. Представлено влияние на развитие речи
детей 6-7 лет, а также интерактивные методы, используемые в этом процессе.
Представлены
идеи
по
использованию
интерактивных
методов
в
образовательном процессе для обучения грамоте детей подготовительной к
школе группы и совершенствования речевых навыков дошкольников шести-семи
лет - устной и письменной речи, рассказывания, словарного запаса.
Ключевые слова:
готовность к школе, начальное образование,
грамотность,
речевые
навыки,
геймификация,
творческие
навыки,
интерактивные методы, мнемотаблица.
Introduction.
When a child reaches the age of 6-7, he or she is preparing for the
next stage of education, namely school education. In educational activities, special
attention begins to be paid to the development of their literacy. American researchers
have shown that the development of early literacy skills in children is a prerequisite for
successful school education.
1
They emphasize it as one of the important indicators of
improvement. Because insufficient preschool preparation can later lead to a decrease in
the mastery of the subject in primary school and secondary school or to significant
differences in the intellectual level of children.
2
. For this reason, it has been found that
preschool educational institutions and the development of literacy in children educated
there can show some positive results at a later stage of education.
3
The developmental period of children between the ages of 6 and 7 is one of the
key stages that determines their intellectual, psychological and social growth. At this
age, children are ready to express their thoughts, communicate and acquire certain
knowledge. When children go to school, their speech skills develop at different rates
4
Teaching literacy to children aged 6–7 includes not only reading and writing, but also
developing speech skills, logical thinking, creative skills, and social adaptation. The
psychological development of children of this age is characterized by the activation of
memory, attention, and creativity. The activities of educators in teaching children
literacy include:
5
Proper organization and selected training methods allow them to learn
1
(Karen E. Diamond, 2008)
2
(Urwick, 2022)
3
(Kim, 2022)
4
(Sharon Glennen, 2021)
5
(Cathy Burnett, 2021)
ZARMED
UNIVERSITETI
369
“Ijtimoiy va gumanitar ta’lim yo‘nalishlardagi talabalarning
kompetentligini oshirish: muammolar va yechimlar” mavzusida
Respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari to’plami
Samarqand-2025. 23-24-may
successfully. Age-specific psychological characteristics of children aged 6-7
and
physiological characteristics in planning and evaluating the educational process plays
an important role. Psychological characteristics:
Distinguishing and mastering sounds:
Children quickly perceive sounds,
remember them, and learn to pronounce them in word form.
Interest and activity:
Children aged 6-7 are interested in learning and are eager to
learn new things. They can overcome their fear of going to school
6
reduces.
Striving for communication:
Children constantly seek to communicate with their
peers and adults, which shapes their speech.
Development of thinking:
During this period, children begin to think logically,
trying to connect words and sentences. Physiological characteristics:
Development of hearing and vision:
Children remember what they hear and see
more quickly and express them in their speech.
Development of hand motor skills:
Hand movements, which are important for
engaging in writing exercises, will improve.
Maturation of the speech apparatus:
At this age, children's speech organs are
fully formed and ready to speak clearly.
The process of teaching literacy has a direct impact on the development of
children's speech abilities. Well-developed speech activity is a prerequisite for
cognitive development and
is the basis of the perception of existence. Differences in
the acquisitions that emerge when children who attended and did not attend preschool
enter the first gradeis felt to a certain extent. This creates the need to develop children's
memory, attention, and literacy, as well as to further develop their speech skills. This
process is carried out through the following aspects:
1. Phonetic and phonemic development.
In the process of teaching literacy,
children learn letters. They learn to associate sounds with sounds, identify sounds in
words, and divide them into syllables. This increases the fluency of speech and teaches
correct pronunciation.
2. Increase vocabulary.
Literacy teaching allows children to learn new words.
Through stories, poems, and various exercises, the vocabulary expands and the ability
to communicate on new topics is formed.
3. Follow grammatical rules.
Teaching grammatical structures during literacy
instruction makes children's speech clearer and more understandable. Correct sentence
6
(Arcadia Ewell, 2024)
ZARMED
UNIVERSITETI
370
“Ijtimoiy va gumanitar ta’lim yo‘nalishlardagi talabalarning
kompetentligini oshirish: muammolar va yechimlar” mavzusida
Respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari to’plami
Samarqand-2025. 23-24-may
structures are formed and the order of words in sentences is taught.
4. Unity of thought and speech.
During literacy training, children learn to express
their thoughts through words and sentences. This develops their thinking and speaking
skills together.
Materials and Methods.
Today, new approaches to literacy teaching, including
interactive games, gamification, audiovisual technologies, and an individual approach
to the child, are gaining prominence. At the same time, it is difficult for innovations to
completely replace traditional approaches. This is due to the specific characteristics of
the educator and the educational environment. The conducted research answers the
following questions:
How do the psychological and pedagogical characteristics of 6–7-year-old
children affect literacy learning?
Which of the traditional and modern methods is more effective? What is the role
of gaming and audiovisual technologies in literacy teaching? The following methods
were used in the experiment.
Observation. Teaching methods and children's level of mastery were determined
by observing the training processes.
Survey. Surveys were conducted among educators to identify the difficulties
children face in learning literacy.
Experiment. Innovative (gamification and audiovisual tools) and traditional
methods were compared with experimental groups.
The following interactive methods were used during the study: Gamification (for
example, special games for teaching literacy), exercises based on mnemonic tables, and
audio and visual resources.
Gamification is one of the effective methods for teaching children literacy,
making the learning process interesting, engaging, and motivating. Activities for
preschoolers are mainly carried out in the form of games. Gamification involves adding
game elements to the educational process. This approach encourages students to
participate more actively and increases their interest in the lesson.
Mnemonic tables are a tool that facilitates the memorization of information
through images, words, or symbols. They are created in a colorful, simple, and child-
friendly way.
Features of using mnemonic tables in the development of children's speech
abilities.
1. Increasing vocabulary. Tables of pictures and words: Place pictures of various
ZARMED
UNIVERSITETI
371
“Ijtimoiy va gumanitar ta’lim yo‘nalishlardagi talabalarning
kompetentligini oshirish: muammolar va yechimlar” mavzusida
Respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari to’plami
Samarqand-2025. 23-24-may
subjects and their names on the table. For example, animals (picture: dog, cat, bird,
etc.), food (with pictures of fruits and vegetables). Children, looking at the pictures, say
their names and attach them.
2. Develop correct pronunciation. Letter-sound table: Letters and words that
correspond to them (for example, "B" - "Bear", "Ch" - "Child"). Children pronounce
the letter and associate it with words. Sound table: The table is accompanied by pictures
showing the sounds they make, along with the letters. For example, the letter "M" -
with a picture of "mouse".
3. Teaching story-telling. Timeline: Draw a timeline that depicts the sequence of
events. For example, we can use mnemonic charts in a conversation about the topic
“Beautiful Spring” or to reinforce activities within the framework of this topic.When
working with mnemonic tables, symbols and pictures are introduced. Based on the
mnemonic table, the child can compose a short text that looks something like this:
Spring
Early spring has come.
The sun begins to shine brightly.
The water in the ditches is still'The lib is leaking.
The dandelion is blooming.
Green'The leaves appear.
Buds are blooming on the trees.
Warm-blooded birds return.
Children playing in the water in the spring'They launch small boats.
There will be a holiday of loving mothers in the spring!
Children tell stories based on pictures. This develops connected speech.
4. Explain synonyms and antonyms. Comparison tables: Make a table with two
columns: In one column, words like "big", "heat", "fast". In the second column, their
opposites: "small", "cold", "slow". Children learn these words and learn to use them in
their own sentences.
Advantages of mnemonic tables:
Visual aids: Images and colors attract children's attention and ensure easy
memorization of the material.
Develop creativity: Children independently form their own speech, inspired
by pictures or words.
Organizational Ability: Helps explain information in a sequential manner.
Memory development: Words and sentences learned using the table are stored
in a strong memory.
ZARMED
UNIVERSITETI
372
“Ijtimoiy va gumanitar ta’lim yo‘nalishlardagi talabalarning
kompetentligini oshirish: muammolar va yechimlar” mavzusida
Respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari to’plami
Samarqand-2025. 23-24-may
Working with mnemonic tables facilitates the learning process for children and
effectively develops their speech skills. In addition, it can help children with speech
and language disorders to develop early literacy. It is also considered an efficient
method in implementation.
Conclusion.
In preparing 6-7 year olds for primary education, literacy work
plays a central role in the speech development of children. Through this process,
children not only learn to read and write, but also develop vocabulary, grammatical
literacy and communication skills. Innovative methods and an individual approach to
the development of speech skills are an integral part of the educational process.
Recommendations:
Pay more attention to playful and interactive methods in the process of teaching
literacy.
Taking into account and developing the individual abilities of children.
Active use of multimedia and interactive tools.
Provide parents with recommendations on creating conditions for children to
actively communicate at home and establish active cooperation.
List of references:
1.
Diamond, KE, Gerde, HK, & Powell, DR (2008). Development in early literacy
skills during the pre-kindergarten year in Head Start: Relations between growth in
children's writing and understanding of letters. Early Childhood Research Quarterly,
23(4), 467–478.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2008.05.002
2.
Urwick, J. (2021). Dimensions of inequality in children's literacy and numeracy
in Uganda: Evidence from a household-based assessment. International Journal of
Educational Development, 88, 102525. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2021.102525
3.
Kim, JH (2022). Preschool participation and students' learning outcomes in
primary school: Evidence from national reform of pre-primary education in Ethiopia.
International
Journal
of
Educational
Development,
94,
102659.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2022.102659
4.
Glennen, S. (2021). Oral and Written Language Abilities of School-Age
Internationally Adopted Children from Eastern Europe. Journal of Communication
Disorders, 93, 106127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2021.106127
5.
Burnett, C., Merchant, G., & Guest, I. (2021). What matters to teachers about
literacy teaching: Exploring teachers' everyday/everynight worlds through creative data
visualization.
Teaching
and
Teacher
Education,
107,
103480.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2021.103480
ZARMED
UNIVERSITETI
373
“Ijtimoiy va gumanitar ta’lim yo‘nalishlardagi talabalarning
kompetentligini oshirish: muammolar va yechimlar” mavzusida
Respublika ilmiy-amaliy konferensiya materiallari to’plami
Samarqand-2025. 23-24-may
6.
Shavitt, I., De Araujo Scatollin, MA, Rossi, ASU, Mercadante, MP, Gamez, L.,
Resegue, RM, . . . Rosário, MCD (2022). Transcultural adaptation and psychometric
properties of the International Development and Early Learning Assessment (IDELA)
in Brazilian preschool children. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 3,
100138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2022.100138
