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VOLUME 06 ISSUE11
68
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PUBLISHED DATE: - 09-11-2024
DOI: -
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/Volume06Issue11-09
PAGE NO.: - 68-72
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF REGIONAL
SECURITY: UZBEKISTAN IS THE LEVER OF
REGIONAL SECURITY IN CENTRAL ASIA
Qurbonov Arslonqul Amonovich
Independent researcher, Uzbekistan
INTRODUCTION
In the process of general development of the
security system, with an increase in the level of
awareness of regional identity and relative
independence, the importance of the regional
factor of security is growing. This situation is
fundamentally different from the structure of the
bipolar system during the Cold War. Consequently,
modern security problems are historical in nature
and are inextricably linked with regional forms of
social systems. Therefore, the concept of “regional
security” is currently very relevant. This, in turn,
puts on the agenda the need to research a separate
category of regional security, which was previously
developed only within the framework of the
interpretation of universal principles of state,
national and Social Security.
Regional security is an important aspect of
international relations, focusing on stability,
security and cooperation between states in a
particular geographical area. In the context of
globalization, the importance of regional security is
increasing as the interdependence between states
increases. Including, the president of the Republic
of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev said that
“Central Asia is fully experiencing all the negative
consequences of the global crisis of trust and
escalation of conflicts due to its geopolitical
location. I would like to note that the present and
future of Central Asia, the well-being of our
countries and peoples largely depend on our
common efforts, our willingness to work closely,
take decisive action and promote the interests of
the region together. Issues related to the
development of the situation in neighboring
Afghanistan, which is considered an important
factor in the stability of our region, have fallen to
the second level on the international agenda.
Therefore, it is emphasized by our foreign policy
agencies that it is advisable to develop a strategic
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Abstract
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document
–
the concept of ensuring regional
security and stability”[1]. From this we can see that
the security of the Central Asian region is
important at any time.
ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE
The concept of regional security refers to collective
measures taken by states and organizations in a
given area to ensure mutual security and stability.
It covers traditional security issues such as military
threats, as well as non-traditional issues such as
terrorism, environmental issues, and health crises.
The concept places special emphasis on the
cooperation of states in combating common threats
and strengthening peace. Today, the concept of
“regional security” has been researched by m
any
political scientists. Regional security is defined by
political scientist Madaminova as follows: “It is a
system of inter-state relations in one region or
another of the world, in which states are able to
collectively define their form and paths of
economic, political and cultural development and
to cooperatively influence common risks”.[2]
Regional security is a structural and integral part of
international security, as well as a form of national
security. The unification of states into regional
groups is usually done voluntarily as well as for
peaceful purposes.
MAIN PART
Regional security is an important component in the
country's national security system. In the context of
the growth of Global threats - crisis phenomena in
the world economy, international conflicts, the
emergence of new problems such as global climate
change, energy shortages, natural disasters,
pandemics, etc. - the need to develop a holistic
system of knowledge in the field of regional
security is necessitated. This results in the
development of the following: theoretical and
technical-organizational foundations of ensuring
and supporting regional security; scientifically
based methods and tools for solving the problems
of managing the risks and security of regionally
important infrastructures; as well as new
technologies created and applied on their basis.[3]
These technologies serve to maintain the stability
of important objects in the region under the
influence of internal and external threats of
different nature and scope.
It should be recognized that a unified theory of
generalized regional security for various areas of
economic activity and branches of knowledge has
not yet been developed. In the scientific and
technical
literature,
verbal
expressions
predominate mainly in describing regional security
as a field of research, while strict formal definitions
hardly occur. As practice shows, the agenda of
security problems of the functioning of the regional
system is directly related to the change in the
parameters of the state of the system as a result of
the influence of negative internal or external
factors on the elements of the system. [4] This leads
to crisises and emergencies. Therefore, it is
impossible to ensure regional security without
analyzing the stability and manageability of
important facilities and infrastructures in the
region. At the same time, in theory, the violation of
regional security is determined by the dynamics of
the transition of the socio-economic system or its
individual important elements from a stable state
to an unstable one.
In terms of sustainability theory, regional security
is defined as a protective property of the socio-
economic system called self-preservation. In this
case, a complex of crisis prevention measures is
carried out under the influence of internal and
external threats, the composition, type and level of
which are unknown, on important elements of the
system.[5] In an effort to ensure and support the
self-preservation of the system, these protective
actions ensure adequate distancing of system
equilibrium states and development directions
from critical situations with a fixed security
Reserve (survivability).
Sustainability theory is extremely useful and
relevant for a general understanding of regional
security theory, its scope, objectives and the range
of problems it addresses. Thus, Classical Studies in
the field of stability theory study equilibrium states
of complex systems and analyze system dynamics
in a small vicinity of these states. In this case,
stability problems are solved, the development of
which occurs as a result of changes in the factors of
the external environment, and not the system
itself.[6] The study of the nature of the
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disturbances that occur in the initial state of the
system or its primary input is of particular
importance for the protection of important objects
of regional systems. Modern studies in
sustainability theory instead focus on “structural
sustainability” and “rough systems”[7].
Historically, the need to protect socio-economic
systems from various threats and the perspective
of the science of regional security have existed
throughout the entire period of the study of the
problems and issues of the security of society and
the state. However, regional security as an
independent field of research appeared and began
to develop relatively recently.
Therefore, the concept of "regional security"
means:
- the security of the administrative-territorial unit
within the state (national security and its
maintenance in a certain area);
- the security of a part of the world that is similar in
socio-political system, geographical, cultural,
national and other aspects.
In our opinion, regional security in a broad sense
implies the freedom of international relations in a
certain area from military and economic threats,
external interventions, and attacks on the
sovereignty and independence of regional states.
Interdependence of the interests of countries in a
certain region is recognized as a characteristic
feature of threats to regional security. Therefore,
threats in the field of security are inextricably
linked with each other and become stronger as the
relations between the countries of the region
become tense.
Regional security is a component of international
security, it is manifested as an international legal
system of peacekeeping and includes the collective
efforts of members of the regional community to
eliminate threats inside and outside the region.
The following main aspects of regional security are
known:
- Political (cooperation of the countries of the
region to ensure stability, prevent conflicts,
strengthen diplomacy and resolve disputes
peacefully);
1. Military (defense contracts, exchange of
information on existing military threats,
coordination of actions to prevent military
aggression);
2. Economic (cooperation in the direction of
ensuring economic stability, preventing economic
crises that may affect the security of the region);
3. Social and environmental (protection against
problems related to migration, crime, natural
disasters and environmental hazards).[8]
Regional security is affected by the location of
power centers within the region, where the
interests of the world community and the
participants
of
the
order
intersect.
Interdependence of regional and international
security forms common features of development.
The functioning of the regional security system
directly depends on the activity of special
associations and organizations of countries with
relevant institutional bodies. The lack of a specific
security system in the newly formed regions is
covered by the conclusion of mutual agreements
between the states of the region or the security
systems of regional organizations that are close in
various aspects.[9]
The security system is often threatened by conflicts
due to socio-economic, political and other
problems of the countries of the region. The
security of the region is also affected by its
geopolitical situation, which depends on various
factors (historical, economic, strategic, territorial-
geographic, etc).[10] Therefore, countries in
different parts of the world are trying to ensure the
security of the region to which they belong. They
unite in various regional unions and try to solve the
problems related to a particular region.
Despite the fact that Uzbekistan's rational foreign
policy in Central Asia is effective and in line with
the interests of all countries in the region, the issue
of forming a complex system of security
interdependence in the region remains unresolved.
There are several reasons for this.
First of all, the role and participation of Afghanistan
in the complex interconnection system of the
region remains abstract. Afghanistan, theorist B.
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For Buzan
—
a separate security complex between
Central and South Asia,[11] for Western theorists
and experts
—
part of central and South Asia, for
Russian researchers-part of Central Asia, and for
most scientists of Asian countries (depending on
the cultural and geographical location of this
country) is a country that belongs to the South
Asian region.
Secondly, they do not have a single and unanimous
opinion on integration between the countries of
Central Asia. The slowness of the states of the
region in creating a single integrative space.
Today, Uzbekistan is trying more than ever to
ensure peace and stability in Central Asia. In
particular, it is premature to talk about the security
and stability of the region without solving the
instability
and
ethnic-tribal
conflicts
in
Afghanistan, which is a neighbor of the Central
Asian region. The sustainable development of
Central Asia is directly related to the stabilization
of the situation in Afghanistan. As the President of
Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev noted, “It is
impossible to talk about a peaceful and prosperous
Central Asia without solving the problem of
Afghanistan”.[12]
The leadership of Uzbekistan has taken a number
of initiatives to ensure peace and stability in the
region. The first of them, President Shavkat
Mirziyoyev, in his speech at the 72nd session of the
UN on September 17, 2017, stated that
“stabilization of the situation in
Afghanistan is an
important condition for ensuring not only regional,
but also global security”.[13]
Secondly, the leadership of Uzbekistan put forward
initiatives of unification and cooperation regarding
the security of Central Asia at the Summits held
within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation
Organization.
Thirdly, the representatives of Tashkent are
conducting an active foreign policy today and have
developed a number of proposals of a practical
nature at the meetings of the Advisory Council of
the Heads of Central Asian States.
It can be seen that Uzbekistan is active in matters
of regional security and integration. Literally, we
can see Uzbekistan as a unique “leader” in ensuring
the security of the Central Asian region.
RESULTS
The concept of “regional security” has been
extensively studied in world science. Many political
scientists have published their definitions and
concepts regarding this concept. Having analyzed
these in depth, we considered it permissible to give
the following definition.
Regional security refers to measures, policies and
cooperation frameworks established by states and
organizations within a certain geographical area to
ensure the security, stability and well-being of this
region. It covers a wide range of issues, including
military alliances, diplomatic relations, economic
cooperation, and conflict resolution mechanisms.
CONCLUSION
Regional security is important in maintaining
peace, stability and prosperity in a given
geopolitical space. It will develop cooperation
between neighboring countries, allowing them to
jointly solve common threats such as terrorism,
organized crime, and territorial disputes. By
promoting dialogue and cooperation, regional
security
frameworks
increase
trust
and
understanding, and reduce the likelihood of
conflict and misunderstanding.
The political, military and similar processes taking
place in the world clearly demonstrate the
interdependence and indivisibility of security. In
particular, it is confirmed once again that the
security of a particular region or state is directly
related to the security of the international
community. In the context of interdependence,
security threats often go beyond national borders.
Therefore, in the formation of security policy in one
or another region, especially in Central Asia,
international actors and regional subjects of
international law, regardless of the level of their
aspirations and political directions, are forced to
take into account the interests of the countries of
the region first.
From this point of view, taking into account the
historical reality, geographical location, traditional
balanced domestic and foreign policy, growing
economy, as well as the ever-strengthening
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demographic and intellectual potential, Uzbekistan
occupies a central place in the Central Asian region.
and it is noteworthy that it serves as a guarantee in
the formation of prospects for maintaining the
balance of power and ensuring regional security.
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