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PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR PROCESSING SECONDARY MATERIAL
RESOURCES IN THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY.
Yodgorova Hilola Isroilovna
Jizzakh Polytechnic Institute
е-mail:hilolayodgorova@gmail.com.
Abstract:
based on the effective use of secondary material resources in the sewing and
knitting industry, obtaining high-quality threads and fabrics intended for special clothes,
determining the efficiency of fabric production from a mixture of different composition and
processed fibers
Key words:
low-waste technologies, household secondary material resources, textile production,
spinning technology, nonwoven materials, spinning industry
Special equipment is used in the processing of secondary material resources in the
clothing and knitting industry. According to the analysis of the authors of some works, foreign
companies have created a number of special equipment for processing secondary raw materials.
These devices are created at different enterprises. For the processing of secondary material
resources, cutting machines RMO-1 made in Russia, ShchM-50, ShchMSh, MSh-800, as well as
clamping machines AS-116, AS-12, AS-301 made in Poland, Ch-11- Carding machines type
200Sh were used . In some foreign countries, an improved technology has been created in which,
instead of pile, hardware thread made from felt, wool, cotton, chemical fibers, recycled wool and
their mixtures are used as raw materials. In a number of foreign countries, the technology of
rotor-mechanical spinning of yarn from recycled-blend fibers from used household textiles, non-
woven materials, gauze, and knitted products is widely used. When producing yarn with a
thickness of 50 tex and above, the spinning industry uses technology for processing secondary
material resources. At this time, the technology of spinning from fibers extracted from recycled
material resources was created in Germany. According to the research results, the unevenness of
threads obtained by adding recycled mixed fiber to sorting has increased significantly. As a
result, rotor spinning of 100% recycled mixed fiber was observed with an increase in the number
of yarn breaks.
In foreign countries, the technology for producing yarn from secondary material
resources of the knitting and weaving industry on rotor spinning machines from Fehrer AC
(Austria) brand DREF-11 has been developed. It is noted that secondary material resources
consisting of natural fibers are processed in the Clean Master cleaner from Temafa (Germany)
and mixed with other components in the Mixmaster mixing machine.
In Bulgaria, using three different technological systems, that is, the first system of fabric,
knitting and gas blotting; sorting and cleaning secondary material resources of recycled fiber of
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the second system; the third system produced yarn based on carding, drawing and spinning. To
process recyclable materials, the TsSK 62/3 sorting system was used. The MShS multi-section
press machine was used to extract recycled fiber from scraps of technical fabrics woven from
chemical fibers. At the Chernigov plant, carding, scalded thread ends and shavings were used to
produce hardware thread. To restore secondary material resources, the AS-39, MS-50
“Volchok”, canning machine, carding machine Ch-11-Sh, wool washing machine MS-1 and a
machine for cleaning secondary material resources were used. From secondary material
resources of the textile industry, enterprises in Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Armenia spin yarn and
weave it into children's coat fabric called “Podmoskovye”. Even a self-factor (batch spinning
machine) from Bigalli (Italy) is included in the technology of spinning yarn using waste.
Processing recycled natural silk fibers with wool fibers has reduced the cost of yarn. Fiber
products were mixed in a braiding machine (Switzerland) after separate combing of the fibers
twice on a Textima-1603 machine. The FH-5 laying machine receives the laying, and the P-76-
SHG 2 machine receives the yarn.
Recently, a number of studies have been carried out to create waste-free technology in
combination with secondary material resources and waste recycling. Including wool processing
and the creation of low-cost enterprises. A number of technological systems for the effective use
of secondary material resources have been proposed. The yarn obtained using this technology is
mainly used for making shoes and lining fabrics. E. T. Maksudov proposed a technology for the
complete processing of waste from the cotton ginning industry. Research work has been carried
out to create a waste-free technology for sustainable cotton production. A non-woven filter fabric
is made from it using the needlepunch method. A plant for secondary processing of raw materials
based on the proposed technology was launched in Vladivostok (Russia). It is noted that the need
to create special technologies for processing any secondary raw materials to obtain recycled fiber
is sometimes improved in comparison with existing technology.
To process textile and knitted waste, pinching machines AS-11 “Befama”, ShM and
carding machine Ch-11-Sh are used, yarn is spun on a PR-200 rotary machine. In order to
increase the performance of the Ch-11-Sh machine, its gaskets were improved and replaced with
metal sawtooth ones. For the production of braids, file rings and wick threads, a ShZ-140 pliers-
lubricating machine, lobazas, double-carding devices and spinning machines PB-132 Sh were
used. Pinch machines from the German company “Auteea” are distinguished by high
productivity and simplicity. The designs of pinch and preserve machines from many foreign
companies are modular and can be quickly replaced.
For the processing and recovery of sewing waste fiber, the AS-23 installation from
Befama was recommended, and yarn with a density of 125 tex was produced. The technology for
processing waste from cotton spinning enterprises is discussed in detail in the work of A.P.
Manakov. Also, when processing secondary material resources of the Kamvolsky plant, a ShZ-
140 Sh3 lubricating machine and a mechanized lathe were used. Improving textile production by
mixing textile industry waste and recycled materials with chemical fibers, using it widely as a
base for zero-waste production.
Knitting waste processing technology was created. This technology allows the production
of non-woven fabrics from waste by processing fibers in two stages.
Research has been conducted on the effect of lamella surface and tweezer performance on
the level of fiber recovery, that is, the amount of recycled fibers obtained from the lamellas, and
it was noted that cutting the lamellas into small pieces leads to a decrease in the proportion of
recycled fibers.
Enterprises in Japan, England, Italy, Germany, etc. have a well-established efficient use
of secondary raw materials and waste. In Italy in particular, the level of recycling of secondary
raw materials has increased over the past 20 years. In addition to secondary raw materials, Italy
purchases and processes waste from the USA, Western Europe and other countries. Recycled
fibers are used to produce yarn for fabrics. In France, waste is processed into yarn, scraps of
knitwear and fabrics, and recycled materials. Italy and France also used the waste to produce
274
fabric and yarn for blankets. Textile waste is often subjected to heat treatment. It is based on the
possibility of producing building boards from the resulting product.
Operating in Poland, BEFAMA is known in more than 80 countries and is a leader in the
supply of about ten thousand machines and devices, as well as textile machines. The company
specializes in processing various fibers: from synthetic to natural. A wide range of manufactured
machines allows you to create optimal technological lines according to individual requirements.
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FOTOISSIQLIK QURILMASINING TEXNIK-IQTISODIY KO‘RSATGICHLARI
Yuldoshov Boysori Abdixoliqovich
Termiz davlat universiteti, O‘zbekiston
Annotatsiya.
Tadqiqot ishida monokristall kremniyli fotoelektrik batareya (FEB)
asosidagi fotoissiqlik qurilmasi (FIB) ga qo‘shimcha jihozlarni biriktirish va undan qishloq
xo‘jaligida foydalanish bo‘yicha ma’lumotlar keltirilgan. Shuningdek, FIB ning texnik-iqtisodiy
samaradorligi hisoblab chiqilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar:
fotoelektrik batareya, fotoissiqlik qurilmasi, kontroller, akkumulyator,
inverter, boyler.
O‘zbekiston iqlimi va hozirgi iqtisodiy rivojlanishi sharoitida fotoelektrik qurilmalardan
foydalanishning katta qismi qishloq joylarga to‘g‘ri kelishi mumkin. Bunday hududlarda elektr
