МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
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CONDUCTING LABORATORY CLASSES IN CHEMISTRY ON THE
BASIS OF THE STEAM EDUCATION PROGRAM
Utashova Shoira Botir qizi
1
E-mail: utashovashoira42@gmail.com
Xoliqulov Hamro Jasur o’g’li
1,2
Tilyabov Maxsudjon Umurzokovich
1
Organization:
1st Uzbek-Finnish pedagogical Institute School No. 84, District
No. 2
Anotation:
To conquer high heights in the educational program, to massively
add to the science of chemistry and its well-being. Holda, who supported the
STEAM education program, developed chemical knowledge acquisition. Copper
coating without electrolysis on the surface of iron metal and similar iron products.
Coming up with new technologies from interesting experiences. Effective use of
chemical knowledge and substances. To make a simple device for determining
whether or not to conduct electric current in solutions of a substance.
Keywords:
Air balloon, ties, zinc fragments, hydrochloric acid , aluminum
foil , sodium hydroxide solution, closed container , rubber tubes, iron nail, copper
sulfate , sulfuric acid , electronics device.
STEAM TA'LIM DASTURI ASOSIDA KIMYO FANIDAN
LABORATORIYA DARSLARINI O'TKAZISh.
Annotatsiya
: Ta'lim dasturida yuksak cho'qqilarni zabt etish, kimyo faniga va
uning farovonligiga ommaviy ravishda qo'shilish. STEAM ta'lim dasturini qo'llab-
quvvatlagan Holda kimyoviy bilimlarni egallashni rivojlantirdi. Temir metall va
shunga o'xshash temir buyumlar yuzasida elektrolizsiz mis qoplamasi. Qiziqarli
tajribalardan yangi texnologiyalar bilan chiqish. Kimyoviy bilim va moddalardan
samarali foydalanish. Moddaning eritmalarida elektr tokini o'tkazish yoki
o'tkazmaslikni aniqlash uchun oddiy qurilma yasash.
МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
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Kalit so'zlar:
Havo shari, galstuk, rux bo'laklari, xlorid kislotasi, alyuminiy
folga, natriy gidroksid eritmasi, yopiq idish, rezina naychalar, temir mix, mis sulfat,
sulfat kislota, elektron qurilma.
ПРОВЕДЕНИЕ ЛАБОРАТОРНЫХ ЗАНЯТИЙ ПО ХИМИИ НА
ОСНОВЕ ПРОГРАММЫ ПАР ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Аннотация
: Покорить высокие высоты в образовательной программе,
массово пополнить химическую науку и ее благополучие. Хольда, который
поддерживал образовательную программу STEAM, разработал программу
приобретения химических знаний. Медное покрытие без электролиза на
поверхности металлического железа и аналогичных изделий из железа.
Придумываем новые технологии на основе интересного опыта. Эффективное
использование химических знаний и веществ. Изготовить простое устройство
для определения, проводить или нет электрический ток в растворах веществ.
Ключевые слова:
Воздушный шар, стяжки, осколки цинка, соляная
кислота, алюминиевая фольга, раствор гидроксида натрия, закрытый
контейнер, резиновые трубки, железный гвоздь, медный купорос, серная
кислота, электронное устройство.
INTRODUCTION.
Below is a step-by-step information on conducting laboratory training, which
includes the basis of the STEAM educational program, preparing an air balloon,
coating copper without electrolysis on the surface of iron metal and preparing a
separator for electrolytes and noelectrolytes:
1.Let's start by introducing the concept of STEAM and its features to learners.
The importance of the STEAM education program lies in the fact that its role today
has led to the inclusion of areas such as physics, mathematics, art, engineering.
2.Therefore, the process of making an air balloon layout is demonstrated.
Students can be shown to perform by chemical experiment in a simple way when
making an air balloon mock-up. The basic substances we need to do this are achieved
through a squeezing reaction. Suppose a piece of Zn metal reacts with HCl to
squeeze out H
2
. H
2
is a light gas, 14.5 times lighter than air, 22 times lighter than
carbonate anhydride, and 14 times lighter than nitrogen. This makes it possible to
МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023
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Том 2, Выпуск 4, 30 Апрел
803
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make the desired layout for us. Or it can also be done by applying aluminum foil to
the NaOH solution.
3.A copper coating without electrolysis is covered on the surface of the iron
metal, explaining the chemical reaction involved in this process throughout the
article. We will learn in detail how to apply a solution of copper sulfate to ferrous
metal and, over time, the formation of a copper coating.
4.Throughout the article, there is also talk about the preparation and
demonstration of a separator device for electrolytes and nonelectrolytes. Students
are taught how to set up a simple apparatus using a porous membrane to separate a
solution containing electrolytes from a solution containing nonelectrolytes. The role
of the separator device in conducting electrolysis experiments was explained.
Through this device, we learn about whether simple and precise substances conduct
or not electric current from themselves.
Learners are asked to learn the above experiences and enrich their capabilities.
The ground is broken for the development of Chemical Technologies by
summarizing the main concepts mentioned and discussing the practical application
of steam, coating copper without electrolysis and using a separator for electrolytes
and non-electrolytes.
In inorganic compounds, specific reaction types and its mechanisms are not
perfect, but it should be studied perfectly anyway. The performance of modern
laboratory and practical technological work has become an obligation for today.
Main part.
МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
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STEAM
is
an
approach to the educational
program that allows children
to systematically explore the
world,
make
logical
observations
of
the
processes
taking
place
around them, realize the
interaction in them, open up
something new, unusual and
interesting for themselves.
By waiting for some kind of
novelty, the child develops
curiosity; leads to the identification of an interesting issue for himself, the
development of an algorithm for finding its solution, a critical assessment of its
results, the formation of an engineering style of thinking. Teamwork forms the skills
of working in the team. All this makes it possible for the child to take development
to a higher level and choose the right profession in the future. The use of information
retrieval, processing and practice forms the basis of the STEAM – training program.
We know that every work that children do with their own labor is a source of
prosperity. Therefore, it is necessary to motivate students to hard work and make
them prone to indoctrination. Only then will they begin to look for a positive solution
to their surrounding problems. The worldview, the circle of thinking changes, forms
and grows. The science of chemistry is a very interesting science and keeps many
secrets in itself. It must be understood and shown in a practical way, tied to life. Only
after that we are considered to have achieved the goal.
Making an air balloon layout.
Necessary equipment and reagents: rubber ball, plastic cup, glue, Virus flask,
rubber pipes, stopper bottle for acid injection, stopper, hydrochloric acid (HCl), zinc
(Zn),
The procedure for going to work: first we cut the plastic glass to the desired
size and tighten 4 ties through glue. In the Virus flask we install a stopper installed
in a glass Everyone with a load of 40 gr from Zn. We die a rubber tube into the Virus
flask and attach it to the rubber balloon through a stopper. Through the glass
МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
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Том 2, Выпуск 4, 30 Апрел
805
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varyonka we put 45 gr of the density 1.64 g/cm3 HCl acid. As a result, the following
reaction goes away, and the vadarod is released.
Zn + HCl →ZnCl
2
+ H
2
The separating H
2
is collected into a
rubber sphere. After the rubber ball of a certain
size is filled with H
2
, we glue our glass screw
with glue, which we prepared by tying the
mouth, to the side.
As a result, the reason that H
2
is lighter
than air is elevated. (Figure 2)
If the above substances are not found or
not, then we can also use aluminum foil and
sodium alkali. The procedure for adjusting
substances is as follows:
1.
We are connected to a closed
container through gas-conducting tubes and
put a solution of sodium hydroxide into it. The
sodium alkali solution that we put in should be
in the equivalent amount to the aluminum foil that we put in. For example, for 50 gr
of aluminum, we need to apply how much alkali solution.
Al + NaOH → Na(AlOH
4
) + H
2
50gr-----------x=
9g/ekv--------40g/ekv
Or
according to the formula;
So
according
to
the
calculation
We pour a total of 22.2 g of sodium hydroxide into a closed container, forming
a solution in water.
МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
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2.After we put sodium alkali, we put aluminum foil in it accordingly, as we
have already cited as an example above.
3.After we put the aluminum foil, we close the mouth of the container. In a
closed cytema, the reaction goes, and with an intensity, the vadorod begins to
separate.
4. Through a rubber flute that we pass through a closed container, we fill the
balloon with a vadorod. We close the ball auger, which is filled with Vadorod, tie it
and tie it with a tie on all four sides, giving shape to a plastic cup. And one end of
the ties we glue through the glue to the ball filled with vadorod. Our balloon is ready.
We can attach it to any heavy object by tying it through a thread longer than the
bottom or side.
Electrolysis-free coating of copper on an iron metal surface
Necessary equipment and reagents: iron metal, nail sample from iron , sulfuric
acid, copper sulfate solution,alcohol lamp.
Work progress: H
2
SO
4
, CuSO
4
and an alcohol lamp are assembled on the
table. By heating 2m li 50 ml li H
2
SO
4
, a metal or a nail made of it is lowered into
the ung. After a certain time has elapsed, transfer 50 gr to a 40% solution of CuSO
4
.
After some time, we observe that the color of the metal has changed to yellow.
The advantage of experiments like this is that it is considered osson and hafsiz
as opposed to electrolysis. It is necessary to work only when working with acid,
taking precautions. The school can also be shown to students as an exhibition
experience.
Making separators for electrolytes and nonelectrolytes.
Necessary equipment: lamp for 18 w, copper wire, bataria 2 PCs, plastic box
(square shape) , electrodes (copper, graphite)
When making a device, the following works must be carried out.
МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
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P On the back of the plastic box, we
cut off the place worthy of the location of
the batteries. We attach the batteries to the
copper wire with a current passing through.
We divide one of the positive and negative
charges emanating from it into two, and
connect the current emanating from it to
the lamp.(Figure 3.)
The
connected
lampshade
is
attached to the front of the plastic box.
1.
We attach two electrodes from the current wire in one direction, which
goes to the bulb. The result is a device in which we can determine whether or not an
electric current passes through the solution of substances.
CONCLUSION
Throughout the article , it can be concluded that there are too many types of
chemical reactions. We can use them profitably , efficiently. To do this, you should
not stop searching.
In conclusion, the research and development of experimental technologies
plays a decisive role in the development of innovation and development in various
fields. These technologies have the potential to revolutionize our way of living,
working and interacting with the world around us. However, it is important to act
carefully and take into account the moral, social and environmental consequences of
these achievements. By continuing to invest in research and development and
developing cooperation between scientists, engineers and policymakers, we can take
advantage of all the possibilities of experimental technologies for the benefit of
society.
At the same time, with the help of chemical experiments, it can be both
difficult and useful to prepare new devices. To achieve successful results, careful
planning, accuracy and attention to detail are necessary. By following appropriate
security protocols, using appropriate materials and techniques, and carefully
monitoring the experience, researchers can create innovative devices with the
potential to develop scientific knowledge and technological capabilities. In general,
the process of preparing new devices through chemical experiments is an exciting
and important aspect of scientific research.
МЕДИЦИНА, ПЕДАГОГИКА И ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ:
ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА
Researchbib Impact factor: 11.79/2023
SJIF 2024 = 5.444
Том 2, Выпуск 4, 30 Апрел
808
https://universalpublishings.com
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