MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
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BASIC PROBLEMS THAT STUDENTS FACE WHILE PRODUCING
SPEAKING
Turg’unboyeva Shakhnoza
Student of UzSWLU
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13771283
Abstract:
Nowadays, it is fact that effectively learning English is becoming
more and more popular for EFL learners. This is because language plays a
leading role in different attitudes between all countries around the world.
Choosing the best way for this process is very important for us. Because there
are a lot of books, gadgets, and technologies for learning a language, sometimes
we do not know which is the most suitable for our position. It can be easily said
that speaking is a more essential skill for learners. Even though it is easy to
learn, a big part of learners come across some difficulties during improving their
speaking ability. So, in this article, it can be mentioned that, some problems
which are appeared in our speech, their reasons and some recommendations.
Key words:
ability, grammar mistakes, vocabulary, psychology, emotions,
first speech.
When we start learning something, we try to find different ways, which
are more effective for us. There are a lot of opinions, suggestions, and
recommendations about it. So, we know only the speaker can improve it,
because it demands working hard, concentrating, avoid all mistakes. We know
this productive skill is very necessary for people. It is not impossible to learn it
in one day, but when we do it regularly, it takes less time. Additionally, there are
some reasons for this problem. Firstly, most speakers have a worry and shyness
from the first speech because of their character. It is fact that everyone has
individual psychology and personality. If a speaker is an introverted person he
or she does not express the full meaning of their idea. Authors of the book
“English language teaching methodology” said that this process requires
speakers made decisions about why, how, and when to communicate depending
on the cultural and social context in which the speaker’s action occurs. Also, it
involves a dynamic interrelation between speakers and listeners the results in
their simultaneous interaction of producing and processing spoken discourse
under time constraints. [1; 163]. Furthermore, other speakers want to finish
their speech earlier and they try to fast. After that, their speech will become
inaccurate and short. Also, it may cause grammatical mistakes in the contest. If
students do not have enough grammatical knowledge, it affects in a negative
way to their speech.
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International scientific-online conference
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In that book it is mentioned that the speaker chooses ready words or
grammatical units from the memory. Especially, our opinions will be ready when
we think in our mother tongue. However, interference is observed. So, memory
also plays a big role when we started speaking. Another problem which we came
across very often is a lack of vocabulary. Students do not know a lot of words or
their synonyms and they lose the order of speech. Then, it appeared a lot of
pauses in our speech. Verderber gives his opinion about it in this way: “You want
your speech to be clear. That is, you want your audience to have an instant
understanding of the words you use. Your speech will become clearer if you will
learn to rely on precise, simple, and specific/concrete words and learn to
eliminate unnecessary clutter”. [5; 101]
When it comes to our mistakes, firstly, we must confirm what kind of
difficulties we have? What is the main problem, how can we solve them, and so
on? Many writers and poets give their advice in their way. Also, J. Michael
Sproule studied this issue and gave some advice: “If you want to improve your
public speaking skills, you are in good company. Thousands of today’s men and
women are vitally interested in becoming better able to organize and present
ideas. People all over America, at work and in community life, want to speak
competently and confidently to groups, both small and large. Worried about
giving your first speech? Would you believe that thousands of men and women,
who are actively pursuing their careers, envy your chance to take a college
course in public speaking? It is true. People in the “real world” need and want
competence in public speaking.” [4; 7] The writer’s opinion is true. When people
want to improve speechmaking they should speak in public during daily work.
Other tips are also helpful, but when we practice it with our friends, colleagues,
and in public it will be more effective. Simply, when we need some help, we
should try saying it without any shyness or interruption. Maybe, it will be our
first step in starting our attractive speech.
To improve our speaking skills, working individually will be also useful.
Only we know what we want to say. It does not matter, it is fact or only opinion,
we should say it with good intonation. Because each person has individual
thoughts, maybe it is not proven, but it is not repeatable. It is more important to
think widely because opinion is the biggest component of good speaking.
Everyone knows it is easier to learn our mother tongue than other languages.
When it comes to learning English for Central Asian nationalities, like Uzbek
may occur some problems as well. Initially, it will be the reason for our location.
Our country is far from the American continent and from history, we develop in
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International scientific-online conference
71
different places. Furthermore, our traditions and mentality are also different,
they have their traditions, and we have our customs. But after migration and
international attitudes, we also learn it easily. It is not difficult to find speakers
like American or British speakers in our country. So, it depends on people’s
motion. We should practice more and more, however, in the correct way. There
are some ideas about starting speaking at an early age. It is natural while
learning a foreign language that students make mistakes. They make mistakes in
auditing when they misunderstand something in a text. They make mistakes in
speaking when pupils mispronounce a word, violate the order of words in a
sentence, misuse a preposition or an article, use the wrong intonation, etc. The
teacher’s main aim is to prevent pupils’ errors. There is a good rule: “Correct
mistakes before they occur.” In the other words, careful teaching results
incorrect English, and pupils make very few mistakes. However, they make them
and the problem is how to correct pupils’ errors.
Great care in teaching speaking
so that the learner could use the spoken forms as accurately as possible, that is,
with native-like sentence patterns and pronunciation. For this purpose that
student should have some adequate model of speech-preferably in the person of
a native or near-native speaker of the language, or the form of a faithfully
recorded voice of such a speaker. [2; 21]
Everyone can mention different ways to improve speaking skills. When
learners choose the best way and concentrate on it they will achieve result more
than expected. Each person has different ideas which are very unusual, however,
they cannot express their opinion exactly. So, according to scientists’ and
philologists’ opinions, we should speak accurately. Firstly, we should not avoid
from first speech. It is fact that each person has shyness and emotions from the
first speech. But we should destroy all barriers and after that, we will take your
first step. Also, we do not avoid mistakes. Speakers, especially new learners only
think about their mistakes in their speech and do not want to make a speech.
However, it does not solve the problem. Furthermore, students should improve
their vocabulary by reading many interesting books. We should improve our
word base first. When we read books out loud it will be more effective. Through
this, we memorize new words and their meanings from the context. So, it is a
very important part.
To sum up, if learners work on themselves every day, they will have an
excellent outcome in the end. It should be mentioned that speaking is a
productive skill, if learners stop speaking in that language, they will lose all
results which they get still now. No one is born as an intelligent, all achieve
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something by being confident and working hard. So, we should start working
intensely from now.
References:
1.
J.J.Jalolov, G.T. Makhkamova, SH. S. Ashurov, English language teaching
methodology. 2015.
2.
G.V.Rogova, Methods of teaching English, 1975.
3.
J. Michael Sproule, Speechmaking. An introduction to rhetorical
competence. 1991.
4.
Verderber, Rudolph F. The challenge of effective speaking, 1988.
