No. 4 (2021) Medicine and innovations

Articles

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  DIAGNOSIS OF PATIENTS WITH OPEN BITE AND THEIR ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT In orthodontic science there arc many works devoted to the study of vertical anomalies, but there is no clearly developed set of therapeutic and diagnostic measures optimizing the treatment of patients with an open bite malocclusion. All this justifies the need for systemic measures and therapeutic and diagnostic measures aimed at excretion and correction of this tooth-jaw anomaly.

  F Shomukhamedova, D Suleymanova, G Murotova

  442-446

  152   27

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  ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL AND HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITIS The article describes the relationship between the disease of chronic pyelonephritis and the state of the oral fluid by studying the changes in the level of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in various biological fluids of the body, in order to include in the subsequent differentiated immunocorrection of the combined form of the disease. We examined 68 patients with chronic pyelonephritis aged 25 to 65 years and older, with a disease duration of 3 to 10 years (of which 67.2% were women and 32.8% were men). It was revealed that the increased content of pro-inflammatory mediators IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-a in the oral fluid of patients with CP can activate inflammatory and destructive processes and manifest themselves in the form of exacerbations of periodontal disease and oral mucosa.

  Sh Usmanova, A Khodzhimetov, H Kamilov

  518-524

  167   34

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  FEATURES OF THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF ORAL ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME ABSTRACT. The article presents the results of the study of the incidence and diagnosis of exudative erythema multiforme. We have studied various clinical manifestations in patients with this disease. It has been established that the main affected areas are the lips (36%), the mucous membrane of the cheek (31%), the tongue (22%) and the mucous membrane of the palate (19%). In 39% of cases, MEE is most susceptible to young people aged 21-40 years, and a high frequency of concomitant diseases was noted for chronic and recurrent purulent-inflammatory infections of the upper respiratory tract (32%), and gastrointestinal diseases (17%).. A detailed examination of the state of the oral cavity with exudative erythema multi forme contributes to more accurate diagnosis and effective combination treatment.

  Kh Kamilov, K Takhirova, F Nomurodova

  515-517

  137   29

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  EFFICIENCY OF TREATMENT PATIENTS WITH PERIODONTITIS USING OSTEOTROPIC DRUGS ABSTRACT. Complex conducted testing and treatment 50 patient chronic generalized periodontitis. The patients were divided into two groups. In the main group (25 patients), complex treatment included a course of osteotropic therapy using a new drug "Osteovitam" (I-Vita,Uzbekistan). In the comparison group (25 patients), treatment was performed using the drug "Calcium D3" (Nikomed, Norway). A positive effect of treatment was established, which was expressed in the stabilization of the pathological process in periodontal tissues in patients of the main group, in a significant improvement in clinical and radiological indicators.

  Kh Kamilov, K Takhirova, A Saparov

  512-515

  171   25

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  STUDYING THE STATE OF PROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY AND ANTIPROTHEASIC POTENTIAL OF ORAL FLUID IN PATIENTS WITH RAPID-PROGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS Inflammatory periodontal tissue diseases are currently extremely common throughout the world. In their occurrence, the main and decisive importance is attached to the active interaction of many factors with the prevalence of periodontal pathogenic microflora and the violation of the state of humoral factors of local immunity. Identification of risk factors in the early stages of the inflammatory process allows us to take a set of therapeutic and prophylactic measures in a timely manner and thereby prevent their further development with the progression of the inflammatoryprocess in the periodontal tissues. In this regard, it is promising to study the state of proteolytic activity and antiprotease potential of the oral fluid in patients with paradontitis.

  L Khasanova, M Yunuskhodzhayeva

  509-512

  84   34

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  DEFINITION OF DISCRIMINATORY SENSITIVITY OF LANGUAGE WITH GLOSSALGIA IN PATIENTS WHO UNDERWENT COVID-19 AT THE STAGE REHABILITATION An article is presented on the topical problem of therapeutic dentistry to determine the discriminatory sensitivity of the tongue in glossalgia in patients who have undergone COVID-19 at the stage of rehabilitation Purpose: to determine the discriminatory sensitivity of the tongue in glossalgia in patients undergoing COVID-19 in the rehabilitation stage. Materials and methods: the study included 88 patients aged 35 - 70 years, of which 51 patients with glossalgia who underwent COVID 19 and had inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa were included in the main group, of whom 36 were women, 15 were men; 37 patients with glossalgia who did not suffer from COVID 19, of which 29 were women, 8 were men in the comparison group; 20 healthy individuals served as controls. Examination of the oral cavity of patients with glossalgia was carried out when patients applied to the therapeutic dentistry polyclinic of the TGSI, while filling out a dental questionnaire, carried out photo and video documentation. The average age of the patients was 52.57 ± 1.20 years. Determination of the deep discriminator}' sensitivity of the tongue was carried out, based on the measurement in units of length (mm) by Weber’s compass of the zone of the mucous membrane of the tongue. The studies were carried out at a room temperature of 18-20 degrees using a Weber compass. The branches of the Weber compass simultaneously touch the examined area of the mucous membrane of the tip of the tongue. At the same time, the minimum distance between the sections of the mucous membrane of the tongue was determined, when the patient under study clearly distinguished the touch of both branches of the compass. Research results and discussion.lt should be noted that when measuring with Weber's compass, the discriminatory sensitivity of the tip of the tongue was 2.92 ± 0.01 mm in the main group, 2.45 ± 0.01 mm in the comparison group, in the control group in healthy individuals the discriminatory sensitivity was 1.1 ± 0.01 mm. From the obtained measurement results, carried out in patients of both clinical groups, it follows that deep tactile sensitivity was significantly (p <0.01) reduced in patients with glossalgia, especially in persons who had undergone COVID 19 (main group) and patients with glossalgia who did not COVID 19 versus control group Conclusions. The presented study results obtained in patients with glossalgia who underwent COVID-19 showed a significant (p <0.01) decrease in the discriminatory sensitivity of the language, which once again proves the psychoemotional nature of glossalgia who underwent COVID-19 during the rehabilita.

  Haidar Kamilov, Malika Ibragimova, Adiba Kamilova

  504-509

  199   24

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  COMPARISON OF DETERMINATION METHODS TEETH COLORS In the practice of modem dentistry, due to the increased aesthetic requirements, one of the factors that determine the success of prosthetics with all-ceramic, metal-ceramic, zirconium dioxide orthopedic structures is the correct and accurate determination of the color of the teeth and the reconstruction of its anatomical shape and function according to the age of the patient. This allows achieving high aesthetic quality of orthopedic constructions and reducing the incidence of expensive re-prosthetics. The teeth color is determined by the dentin, with translucent enamel, which is playing a lesser role through scattering at wavelengths in the blue range [3]. It was reported that: shade selection is a crucial clinical step during prosthetic treatment [4]. During the visual teeth color determination it is suggested that the first impression is frequently the best match, and shade matching trials should be limited to 5 seconds at a time to prevent eye fatigue, because the vision pigment is used up quickly in the mechanism of color perception. Many times in the dental literature has been given the recommendation to relax the eyes by observing a blue card between two shade matching trials (because blue and yellow arc complementary colors) [5]. An adequate analysis of the shade of the teeth, as well as the reproduction of their color in order to maximize the imitation of the natural appearance, is one of the most difficult tasks of practical dentistry in the rehabilitation of patients using different types of restorations. Shade matching systems continue to evolve, but so far none of them can provide a sufficiently objective result. Various protocols for the analysis of tooth color have been known on the market for many years, but most of them provide efficiency only for the chewing group of teeth, or only for the initial analysis of the aesthetics of the frontal region, based on the parameters of photographs and modifications of the algorithms for their visualization and processing. The Vita company also introduced the Vita EASYSHADE® spectrophotometer for tooth shade matching. Shade evaluation with the spectrophotometer used in that study showed a high degree of correlation with visual shade determination of the color of natural teeth . The oldest color system was created by Albert H. Munscll in 1905. Consists from three attributes—hue (H), value or lightness (V) and chroma (C), denoted as H/V/C. Value/Lightness is the quantity of light reflected by an object compared to a pure white diffuser (reflecting 100%), and a black absorber (absorbing all incident light with no reflection). If a material reflects most of the light falling on its surface, it appears bright, i.e. it has a high value. Towards the center of the color wheel, no hue dominates and becomes less and less saturated [ 1 ]. Hue is described with the words we normally think of as describing color: red, purple, blue, etc. It is also a term which describes a dimension of color we readily experience when we look at color. The action of many factors complicates the process of objectifying the color analysis of teeth and its reproduction. These are the different illumination of the area of interest, which distorts the color perception effect of the final restorations, the use of aesthetic materials of different quality, and the individual difference in color perception among people participating in dental treatment.The factor of the latter is also influenced by what kind of shade matching system each of the participants in the rehabilitation process uses. In addition, it should be borne in mind that the complex morphology of the tooth, its shape, surface texture, as well as the corresponding shine - all these are parameters that cannot be ignored in the process of treating any tooth.

  Nigora Ziyadullayeva, Nigoraxon Xojimurodova

  502-504

  101   34

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  MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY QUALITY FIT INDIVIDUAL ZIRCONIUM PINS TO THE SURFACE TOOTH ROOT Annotation: The authors have proposed and made in 12 patients an artificial post with a thread and an inlay made of zirconium dioxide for single-rooted teeth. For the morphological study, samples of individual zirconium pins with a smooth and threaded surface were made and a comparative morphological study of the quality of the adhesion of the pin to the tooth root surface was carried out.

  Avzal Akbarov, Nigora Nigmatova, Rahmatullah Nigmatov

  493-498

  116   65

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  MOTIVATIONAL ASPECT OFIMPROVING MOUTH HIGIENE OF THE CHILDREN DURING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT Л comparative assessment of the health status of organs and tissues of the oral cavity was conducted, based on the dynamic monitoring of the dental status of 42 children (15 boys and 27 girls) aged 6 to 12 years, who had undergone the orthodontic treatment using myofunctional devices. Children supervision was carried out during 3 months. The patients were divided into 4 groups after finishing an oral cavity sanitation. Children of three groups, who had been given one of three types of R.O.C.S, toothpastes, which they had chosen themselves, improved their oral hygiene indexes for three months. Children who hadn't been given the toothpaste, but they had got the advices of hygiene of an oral cavity, improved their oral health indexes less than children from the other groups. The patients came for the re-inspection every month. It is proved that usingof toothpastes R.O.C.S. Junior visiblyimproves the hygiene and oral health of children aged from 6 to 12 years, whichever paste they choose.

  L Soldatova, V Soldatov, А Iordanishvili

  489-493

  155   27

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  “HEYWITT” БЎЙИЧА ЎЗБЕК ПОПУЛЯЦИЯСИ ВАКИЛЛАРИНИНГ ЦЕФАЛОМЕТРИК КЎРСАТГИЧЛАРИ Аннотация. 18-30 ёшгача булган 71 та(40та эркак ва 31та аёллар) Узбек популяциясининг нормал физиологик прикусли вакилларида фронтал телерентгенограммасининг “Heywitt” буйича цефалометрии курсатгичлари аникланди. Цефалометрии курсатгияларни аниклашда автор таклиф килган краниофациал триангуляция комилексидан фойдаландик. Бу комплекс ёрдамида юз-жаг сохасининг симметриклигини бахолашда, трансверзал анамалияларни ташхислашда ва даволашда куллапилади.

  S Murtazaev, M Kuchkarova

  485-488

  55   23

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  THE CHOICE OF ALL-CERAMIC OR ZIRCONIUM VENEERS DEPENDING ON THE CLINICAL SITUATION Veneers are special overlays on teeth made of ceramics. They allow you to correct various aesthetic defects without surgery and serious treatment. This method is recommended for most patients suffering from external dental defects or yellowed tooth enamel. Veneers arc an excellent material for creating a perfect smile — they do not undergo staining, do not change their shape, retain relief, and also have a shine like natural teeth. It should be noted that they have high biocompatibility and arc absolutely safe for health, high-quality modem materials and manufacturing technologies make veneers strong, durable and wear-resistant. The two main materials for their manufacture are pressed solid ceramics and zirconium dioxide. Both materials are biologically inert. However, they differ in strength and transparency coefficients. Zirconium dioxide veneers have greater strength, which allows them to be used for functional restoration of the central group of teeth or for prosthetics on highly pigmented teeth. All-ceramic veneers, having high aesthetics, which is due to the unique light conductivity of the material and a wide range of its color shades, become the material of choice for creating highly aesthetic restorations. Modem technologies do not yet allow us to fully combine these two characteristics: strength and transparency in one material, which puts an orthopedic surgeon in front of a difficult choice. The choice of material: pressed solid ceramics or zirconium dioxide, completely depends on the clinical situation in the oral cavity and the wishes of the patient.

  Viktor Koshkin, Yana Vlasova, Mikhail Konanykhin

  478-484

  276   40

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  JUSTIFICATION OF ORTHOPEDIC CORRECTION IN END DEFECTS ABSTRACT. All over the world there are many scientific and scientific-practical works devoted to the local and systemic sensitivity of the body to dentures made of various types of plastics. The results of the studies carried out confirm that when using removable dentures made of acrylic polymers in the tissues of the prosthetic bed and the oral mucosa changes of a different nature arc often observed, and the most common of them are inflammatory and dystrophic, associated with mechanical and toxic-allergic effects of the material of the base of the prosthesis. However, the quality of removable dentures largely depends on the material being manufactured. Therefore, special interest is given to improving the biocompatibility and physicochemical properties of prostheses.

  A Jumaev

  474-477

  120   31

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  THE EFFECTIVENESS TREATMENT OF DISTAL OCCLUSION PATHOLOGY USING A MODIFIED TWIN-BLOCK DEVICE Distal occlusion is one of the most common forms of dentoalveolar anomalies, accompanied by functional changes in the masticatory muscles. In addition, in adult patients, distal occlusion, as a rule, is combined with defects in the dentition. The issues of diagnosis and treatment of patients with distal occlusion in combination with pathology of the masticatory muscles have always received great attention. Orthodontic treatment is based on the timely diagnosis of early forms of anomalies to prevent the problem and ensure the normal development of the child's dentition. Dcntofacial anomalies are formed from subtle symptoms and, as the child grows, take the form of a complex formed anomaly, which requires many years of laborious and expensive orthodontic treatment. Providing conditions for the harmonious growth and development of the child is the main task in pediatric dentistry. Functional devices that affect the change in the growth of the jaws, the muscular environment of the dental arches, play an important role in the treatment of dentoalveolar anomalies. In recent years, with the development of the functional direction in the treatment of dentoalveolar anomalies, new standard functional devices have appeared - trainers, LM activators, myobraces. These devices allow you to normalize the position of the teeth and contribute to the early correction of dental anomalies. Functional devices train the muscles of the maxillofacial region, contribute to the normalization of the functions of the dentoalveolar system, and optimize the formation of thedentoalveolar system during the growth and development of the jaws. All this, in turn, ensures the stability of treatment results. The Clarke twin-block is used for the correction of class II and III occlusion, the normalization of the functions of the dentition.

  N Bilyal

  113   40

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  Influence of cermet structures and structures made of zirconium dioxide on the biochemical composition of the oral fluid Relevance: Currently, one of the urgent problems in dentistry is the choice of material for prosthetic construction. Diseases of the maxillofacial region today represent not only a general medical, but also a social problem. They are characterized by a significant prevalence throughout the world and, in general, by an unfavorable effect on the body. These pathologies make their negative contribution to the development of hypertension, coronary heart disease and other diseases. Causes of dental intolerance remain unspecified.

  S Shander, N Nureyev, A Sinitsky

  461-468

  224   52

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  CRANIOMETRIC INDICATORS OF THE HEAD OF SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN IN RURAL AREAS OF THE TASHKENT REGION The paper presents data from anthropometric studies of the head of school-age children in rural areas of the Tashkent Region. The age-related dynamics of the indicators were studied and the periods of the greatest increase in the morphometric indicators of the head were determined.

  U Tuymachev, Т Ashurov, А Pulatov

  458-460

  108   43

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  CLINIC - FUNCTIONAL CHANGES IN THE ORAL CAVITY IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE, OPTIMIZATION OF ORTHOPEDIC DENTAL CARE Annotation: The scientific review is devoted to deals with modem classifications of chronic kidney disorders and changes in the oral cavity, factors that affect them, and their prevention, treatment and management.

  Komola Shoakhmedova, Nazokat Alieva, Nigora Nigmatova, Bakhtiyor Rakhimov

  454-457

  165   37

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  TACTICS OF AN INDIVIDUAL APPROACH TO THE ELIMINATION OF OCCLUSIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH INTACT DENTITION Occlusion is a harmonious interaction of the dental system in dynamics, ending with the contact of teeth in conditions of their normal or disturbed ratio. This is a complex action involving teeth, masticatory muscles, TMJ. Occlusive disorders are a reflection of the external manifestations of pathological processes of the dental system. There is no doubt that in the search for etiological factors of occlusion disorders, the problem will manifest itself in one of the parts of the chewing system. Occlusive disorders are a reflection of the external manifestations of pathological processes of the dental system. There is no doubt that in the search for etiological factors of occlusion disorders, the problem will manifest itself in one of the parts of the chewing system. The change in the morphology of teeth causes the pathological functioning of the dental apparatus. Achieving the correct physiological function during excursions of the lower jaw is possible by eliminating premature contacts of teeth, restoring their anatomy. The aim of the study is to substantiate the diagnosis of early occlusal disorders in young patients with intact dentition and its elimination by step-by-step restoration of tooth surfaces taking into account the biomechanics of the lower jaw. As a result of the study, it was found that the use of modem methods of occlusive diagnostics allows to obtain objective qualitative and quantitative characteristics for the assessment and analysis of the closure of dentition in patients with intact dentition, occlusive therapy is more effective in stabilizing the TMJ in its physiological position. Recreating the relief of the tooth surfaces and the distribution of a uniform balance of force give predictable results.

  Diana Khasanova, Sergej Averyanov, Inna Ibragimova

  446-453

  129   42

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  INDICATORS OF THE MICROBIAL LANDSCAPE OF THE ORAL CAVITY IN CHILDREN WITH DENTAL ANOMALIES The article presents the parameters of the microbial landscape of the oral cavity in children with dental and maxillofacial anomalies. The author studied and evaluated the relationship of indicators of normal oral microflora with dental and maxillary anomalies in healthy and sick children. Microbiological methods were used to achieve this goal.

  S Olimov, J Bakaev

  377-381

  77   28

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  ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА БОЛЬНЫХ С ПОСТКОВИДНЫМИ ОСЛОЖНЕНИЯМИ ВЕРХНЕЙ ЧЕЛЮСТИ И ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОРТОПЕДИЧЕСКОЙ РЕАБИЛИТАЦИИ БОЛЬНЫХ С ДЕФЕКТАМИ ЧЕЛЮСТНО-ЛИЦЕВОЙ ОБЛАСТИ Одной из актуальных задач в стоматологии является усовершенствование принципов оказания ортопедической помощи больным с последствиями различных травм и хирургических вмешательств на тканях челюстно-лицевой области. Значимость этого вопроса обоснована ежегодным увеличением количества пациентов как пострадавших в результате дорожно-транспортных происшествий [Мадай Д.Ю., Черныш В.Ф - 2008], техногенных аварий и катастроф, перенесших хирургические вмешательства по поводу новообразований (М. И. Давыдов, 2010, Жулев Е. Н, 2008),так и деформаций и дефектов челюстно-лицевой области вызванных острыми гнойно-воспалительными заболеваниями вследствие перенесенного COVID-19.

  А Akbarov, D Habilov

  396-401

  222   65

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  Biopotentials of masticatory muscles in musculoskeletal TMJ dysfunctions, before and after treatment. The article presents studies of the biopotentials of the masticatory muscles. In the course of their research, the authors recorded each indicator of the clcctromyograph before and after treatment for musculoskeletal dysfunctions of the temporomandibular joint. Electromyographic studies of the masticatory muscles before and after treatment reveal the completeness of the picture of its functional state, which affects the outcome of the correct treatment and normalization of the activity of the masticatory apparatus and TMJ.

  J Bakaev , S Olimov

  388-396

  109   40

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  REMOVABLE PARTIAL DENTURES : THE CLINICAL NEED FOR INNOVATION The number of partially dentate adults is increasing and many patients will require replacement of missing teeth. Although current treatment options also include fixed partial dentures and implants, removable partial dentures (RPDs) can have advantages and are widely used in clinical practice. However, a significant need exists to advance materials and fabrication technologies because of the unwanted health consequences associated with current RPDs.

  B Khabilov, M Dadabayeva, G Yahyoyeva, N Xodjimurodova

  385-388

  164   29

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  IMMUNOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF SALIVA IN PARTIAL SECONDARY ADENTIA The article evaluates the immunological parameters of the saliva of patients with partial secondary adentia. Since with partial secondary adentia, changes occur not only in the dentition, but also in other systems of the oral cavity. And the human oral cavity can be considered as a complex ecological system in which external factors interact with internal ones. One of the most important elements in maintaining oral homeostasis is saliva. The data obtained showed that the ongoing changes can lead to an imbalance in local immunity and can lead to the development of both autoimmune and inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity.

  O Arslanov, Kh Irsaliev, F Irsalievа

  382-385

  104   31

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  THE USE OF DIGITAL PROTOCOL IN THE CREATION OF A TEMPORARY STRUCTURE FOR DENTAL IMPLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF SINGLE-STAGE IMPLANTATION AND IMMEDIATE LOADING. CLINICAL CASE Annotation: the active introduction of innovative technologies, such as three-dimensional printing and digital scanning in dentistry causes a great interest from dentists of various specialties. The article describes a clinical case that shows the opportunities of a digital protocol in dental implantology and prosthodontics. Aim: to assess the opportunities of the clinical use of temporary crowns for immediate loading in the digital protocol. Conclusions. The emergence of innovative technologies in dentistry is currently arousing active interest from the dental community. 3D modeling and printing arc becoming more widespread in our daily life. A thorough study of this method is undoubtedly prospectful, but requires deepimmersion in the problem, clinical and laboratory observations of structures made of materials certified for long-term use.

  Sevara Rizaeva, Otabek Ergashev, Babadjanov Jasur, Oybegim Rizaeva

  369-373

  162   39

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  ASSESSMENT OF QUALITY ADHESION OF INDIVIDUAL ZIRCONIUM PINS TO THE SURFACE OF THE ROOT OF THE TOOTH Annotation: The authors proposed and manufactured in 16 patients an artificial post with a thread and an inlay made of zirconium dioxide for single-rooted teeth. To assess the quality of adherence of individual zirconium pins to the tooth root surface, samples of individual zirconium pins with a smooth and threaded surface were made and a comparative clinical and morphological study was carried out.

  Avzal Akbarov, N Nigmatova, K Shoahmedova

  365-369

  118   33

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  COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF MASTICATORY EFFICIENCY ACCORDING TO AGAPOV AND TOKAREVICH IN PATIENTS WITH TREMORS IN THE DENTITION The article analyzes the use of Agapov's test in patients with increased gaps between the dentition and reflects the disadvantages and advantages of using this technique. Evaluation of chewing efficiency according to Agapov was carried out in 46 adolescent children with permanent bite.

  I Nigmatova, М Atakhonova

  402-409

  2977   129

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