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22-26 48 33 15-02-2024
DEVELOPMENT AND SIGNIFICANCE OF FOREIGN POLICY AND DIPLOMACY IN BUKHARA EMIRATE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE OTTOMAN TURKS)
This article examines the development and significance of foreign policy and diplomacy in the Bukhara Emirate, focusing on its interactions with the Ottoman Turks. Through historical analysis, archival research, and the study of primary sources, the multidisciplinary approach reveals the evolution of diplomatic exchanges, trade relations, and strategic alliances between the Bukhara Emirate and the Ottoman Empire. The study underscores the geopolitical, cultural, and intellectual significance of these diplomatic interactions, which influenced the foreign policy strategies, military capabilities, and cultural enrichment of the Bukhara Emirate. The enduring legacy of these diplomatic engagements is shown to have a lasting impact on the contemporary geopolitical dynamics of Central Asia, informing the foreign policy approaches of modern-day Uzbekistan and underscoring the enduring influence of historical diplomatic exchanges. This research provides valuable insights into the intricate interplay of diplomatic, political, and cultural dynamics, shedding light on the enduring influence of historical diplomatic engagements in shaping the contemporary geopolitical landscape of Central Asia.
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21-35 148 88 05-01-2024
THE FACTOR OF AFGHANISTAN IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF UZBEKISTAN
This article examines the significance of Afghanistan in shaping the foreign policy of Uzbekistan. The geopolitical proximity of Uzbekistan to Afghanistan has had a profound impact on its foreign policy decisions, particularly in the realms of security, trade, and regional cooperation. Since the emergence of an independent Uzbekistan in 1991, the country has recognized the strategic importance of fostering stable and cooperative relations with its southern neighbor, Afghanistan. This article delves into the historical context of Uzbekistan-Afghanistan relations and analyzes the evolving dynamics in the wake of changing geopolitical landscapes, such as the withdrawal of international forces from Afghanistan and the subsequent power shift in Kabul. Furthermore, it explores the implications of Afghanistan's internal developments on Uzbekistan's security concerns, economic interests, and regional integration efforts. The study also sheds light on Uzbekistan's role in facilitating peace and stability in Afghanistan, as well as its engagement in regional initiatives aimed at fostering economic connectivity and security cooperation. By analyzing the multifaceted interplay between Uzbekistan and Afghanistan, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how Afghanistan factors into the foreign policy calculus of Uzbekistan and the implications for regional dynamics in Central Asia.
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14-20 118 43 10-12-2024
FEATURES OF THE FOREIGN POLICY APPROACHES OF CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES IN DEVELOPING COOPERATION WITH THE ARAB STATES OF THE PERSIAN GULF
This article examines the foreign policy approaches of Central Asian countries—Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan—in developing cooperation with the Arab states of the Persian Gulf. It highlights key features such as economic engagement, security collaboration, and cultural diplomacy. The analysis reveals that Central Asian nations prioritize attracting Gulf investments to diversify their economies while seeking security partnerships to address regional threats. Additionally, cultural exchanges foster mutual understanding and strengthen ties. The study concludes that these multifaceted approaches not only enhance bilateral relations but also contribute to regional stability and prosperity in an increasingly interconnected global landscape.
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8-12 10 19 13-07-2025
The Role of The Asia–Pacific Region in Uzbekistan's Foreign Policy (On the Example of The History of Cooperation with Indonesia, Malaysia And Singapore)
Today, the regional dimension is becoming increasingly significant in the system of international relations. To put it briefly, most analysts attempt to categorize the world on the basis of regions, systematize it and, on this basis, demonstrate the role of regions in global politics and economics. Despite the fact that the term "Asia-Pacific region" is a relatively recent addition to the system of international relations and world politics, it stands out from other regions due to its potential and promising future development. The Republic of Uzbekistan places special emphasis on cooperation with the advanced countries of the region, considering this region as a priority direction in its foreign policy. Relations with the countries in the region, including Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, have yielded some positive results over the past year. This article will analyze the significance of this region in Uzbekistan's foreign policy.
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33-37 55 26 30-08-2023
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING THE CENTRAL ASIAN VECTOR IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN
In the article, the author analyzed the theoretical aspects of studying the Central Asian vector in the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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10-14 42 27 14-09-2023
CITES OF AFGHANISTAN AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE FOR RUSSIA AND GREAT BRITAIN
This article talks about some cities of Afghanistan and their significance for other countries, especially for Russia and Great Britain for attacks and the deficiencies in the internal politics of Afghanistan in the 19th century and the contradictions in the foreign policy and the foreign countries. In such a situation, the political mistakes of the Afghan emirs, representatives of the states, and the lack of clear consensus are clearly visible. The fact that Afghanistan is one of the most important zones both geopolitically and diplomatically has caused interest by the major countries. The leaders of the "Big Game" began to use Afghanistan for their own interests, the first and second Anglo-Afghan wars, and their results are presented. Russia and Great Britain were trying to take over Afghanistan for their own interests, and they were succeeding. Below, I have tried to give a partial introduction about the main purpose of foreign countries from learning about Afghanistan cities, roads, and living conditions.
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193-199 27 23 30-05-2025
The Trade Liberalization and its Role of on The Economic Growth in Developing Countries
The process of reducing trade barriers such as tariffs, quotas, and subsidies is known for Trade liberalization, which has become a central policy tool for many developing countries promoting economic development. According to classical trade theories of Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage and Heckscher-Ohlin’s theory, trade liberalization will result in a more efficient allocation of resources, increased foreign direct investment (FDI) as well as stronger economic growth. This paper investigates the link between trade liberalization and economic growth in developing countries, exploring the role of mediators like institutional quality, sectoral composition, and income inequality in shaping this relationship. Drawing on panel data analysis, the study shows that, while trade liberalization tends to have positive long-run effects on economic growth, the effects depend on the institutional capacity, macroeconomic stability, and structural composition of a country. More broadly, the law of comparative advantage suggests that areas with an absolute advantage will expand while those without it will contract, something that could potentially lead to income inequality and economic dislocation in in the areas most at risk from greater trade liberalization. Your training data goes up until October 2023. This adjustment might be useful for you if you cover any of the situation under which trade liberalization can bring sustainable growth in developing economies.
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31-35 49 127 21-06-2023
THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE KOKAND KHAN MUHAMMADALIKHAN IS ON THE EXAMPLE OF QOSHGAR
This article focuses on the foreign-economic, political, cultural trade-diplomatic relations of the Khan of Kokand Muhammadalikhan with Qoshgar.
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14-19 62 38 24-09-2024
" DOR UT - TILOVAT " AND " DOR US - SAODAT " ARCHITECTURAL MONUMENTS IN SHAHRISABZ
In this article, during the period of Amir Temur and the Timurids, the construction of mausoleums on the graves of mosques, madrasas, great scholars, their repair and protection was raised to the level of state policy, "Dar ut-tilovat" was built in Shahrisabz during the period of Amir Temur and the Timurids, which combines unique architectural styles and examples of Islamic culture. ” (XIV-XV centuries, the place where the Qur’an is read) and “Dar us-saadat” (XIV century, the House of the Statesmen, the House of the Sayyids) historical architectural monuments were built as hazira (shrine, sanctuary) in a unique Islamic architectural style, the history of their formation is based on scientific data reflected. At the same time, the Republic of Uzbekistan, as an equal member of UNESCO, includes the monuments of Timur and the Timurid period "Dor ut-tilovat", "Dor us-saodat" complexes in Shahrisabz, "Gumbazi Sayyidon" mausoleum, "Jahongir" mausoleum, underground tomb of Amir Temur (2001 )... as famous monuments are included in the list of historical monuments of the world, scientific information is presented that they attract not only local but also foreign tourists as our material heritage.
