Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals
36
9
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TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
36-41
DOI
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
13 March 2025
ACCEPTED
09 April 2025
PUBLISHED
11 May 2025
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue05 2025
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Distinctive Features of The
Agrotourism Development
in The Region
Shakhsanam Yakubjanova
Tashkent State Pedagogical University, named after Nizami, PhD,
associate professor, Uzbekistan
Mohina Isabekova
Senior teacher of Tashkent State Pedagogical University, named after
Nizami, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Abstract:
The article analyzes the development of rural
tourism in the country. The features of agrotourism,
problems and ways of its development are considered.
The experience of the regions where agrotourism is
developing is analyzed. The most promising trends and
directions of agrotourism development are highlighted.
Keywords:
Agrotourism, rural tourism, agricultural
tourism, tourism industry, cluster.
Introduction:
Along with the steady development of
science and technology, the problem of sustainable
development of rural areas has arisen. In particular,
excess labor resources have appeared in the
countryside, which is becoming more and more acute
every year due to the increase in labor productivity.
These problems can be solved only by developing non-
agricultural activities, involving more and more rural
residents in them. Today, there are dozens of areas for
the development of such activities in rural areas,
primarily tourism, agriculture, trade, and the sale of
fruit, berry and melon products.
СIn recent years, there has been some instability in the
economic systems of all developed and developing
countries. Almost all types of economic activity have
encountered crisis situations, and tourism has proven to
be the most resilient to them. Each year, the growth rate
in this sector has increased by several percent compared
to previous years, and in some regions the growth rate
has exceeded double-digit values. Researchers note that
currently, due to the development of technology, its
widespread
distribution,
digitalization,
and
urbanization, consumers are seeking new types of
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Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals
tourism. Depending on the nature of the organized
tour, its theme, duration, methods of movement and
other characteristics of the tour, tourism can be
divided into such types as cultural-historical,
pilgrimage, ecological, educational, ethnographic,
gastronomic, business, social, sports, medical, youth
tourism, agrotourism. Tour - a trip along a specified
route, provided with a set of tourist services, including
at least two types of tourist services, for a specific
period of time [1]. Tourism - the departure (travel) of
an individual from his/her permanent place of
residence without engaging in activities related to
earning income from sources in the country (place) of
temporary stay. Tourist - an individual who visits the
country (place) of temporary stay for a period of
twenty-four hours to twelve consecutive months, or
who stays at least one night in the country (place) of
temporary stay without engaging in activities related
to earning income from sources in the country (place)
of temporary stay [1].
Most tourists are turning to extreme tourism,
ecotourism and agrotourism. Vacationers choose
agrotourism due to medical indications, relative
cheapness, proximity to nature, the desire to spend
time in the fresh air, and the consumption of
environmentally friendly products, and visit rural
areas. The main directions of state policy in the field of
tourism include the organization and development of
scientific research, the promotion of the development
of tourist zones and tourist clusters [1,2,3] The purpose
of our research is to identify the development trends
of agrotourism in Uzbekistan, and to assess the existing
internal opportunities.
METHODS
In our study, comparative analysis and modeling
methods were used as the main research methods.
With the help of these methods, it is possible to fully
study, compare, identify the advantages and
disadvantages of several research objects. As a result,
several schemes were created that reveal the essence
of agrotourism and its components.
RESULTS
The concept of agrarian tourism (abbreviated as
agrotourism) can be considered in different meanings.
According to A.N. Bulgakova, rural tourism is a special
type of tourism, a form of recreation for tourists in
rural areas, including organized and unorganized
forms, with the aim of getting acquainted with rural
nature,
lifestyle
and
agricultural
traditions
(professional and non-professional). The increase in the
flow of tourists to the countryside can be explained by
the growing desire to spend their free time in agro-
landscapes, to experience rural life and communicate
with rural residents, and even to live and work in the
countryside. A.N. Bulgakova emphasizes that it is
necessary to adhere to a strict hierarchy in the system
of tourism concepts. The concept of
“tourism in rural
areas” is general and differs from the concept of “rural
tourism”, that is, it is not a synonym for it. For example,
in rural tourism, tourists can engage in activities such as
raising livestock, tasting local cuisine, and walking
around the countryside. It is also combined with
historical, religious, archaeological, and ecological types
[4].
According to O.A. Florova, rural (agrarian) tourism can
be considered in a narrow and broad sense. First,
agrotourism
should
be
understood
as
the
implementation of activities (sports, healthcare,
culture, and entertainment) aimed at creating favorable
social conditions in agriculture (primarily, increasing
local employment), increasing production efficiency
(due to capital inflows), and finally, ensuring an
acceptable competitive environment in the tourism
market. In a broad sense, rural tourism can be a major
industrial sector in the region, which is adapted to the
technologically appropriate natural and recreational
environment of infrastructure, food supply, trade, folk
crafts, and culture [5].
In our opinion, agrotourism is a form of organized travel
by people from their permanent places of residence for
a certain period of time to objects related to rural
nature, lifestyle, agricultural production, preparation,
processing, storage and sale of its products, with the
aim of achieving such goals as recreation, sports, health
improvement, and educational and spiritual goals [6].
A tourist product based on rural infrastructure should
combine the capabilities of all tourism areas
(agrotourism, sports tourism, gastrotourism, ethnic
tourism, ecotourism, natural geographical tourism).
Modern agrotourism should be represented by all of the
above-listed recreation areas (see Figure 1). It should be
remembered that the basis of tourism in rural areas is
nature, fresh air and ecology. Agrotourism should create
opportunities for vacationers to get acquainted with
rural life, and farms should receive additional income
from this. Tourists should live in authentic conditions, in
rural houses, and awaken new feelings and emotions in
them [7].
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1-
picture Types of modern tourism
.
At the same time, tourists are willing to pay not only
for peace, quiet and nature, but also for special
services that should be included in the basic set of
agrotourism. Depending on the capabilities of tourists,
they can be offered transport services, excursion
routes, specially equipped accommodation for
recreation on farms or directly in the private sector.
These services are a promising development of the
region through agrotourism [8]. As a result of our
research, it was found that agrotourism has a number
of distinctive features. These are: 1) agrotourism does
not require separate hotels with all the amenities to
accommodate tourists, they can be accommodated
directly in farmers' houses or in quickly erected tents
(tents) in the open air. This gives people of different
categories the freedom to use inexpensive and high-
quality,
convenient
agrotourism
services.
2)
agrotourism does not require large financial and
economic costs for tourism companies, since in its
organization it is possible to use the lifestyle and
customs of the rural population as a tourist object. 3)
it is effective to combine agrotourism with historical,
pilgrimage, sports, ethnographic and other tourism
directions. After all, the listed types of tourism have
been developed in rural areas since ancient times. This
creates an opportunity to simultaneously acquaint
tourists with the natural, historical, socio-cultural
aspects of rural areas. 4) the technogenic pressure of
people on nature and their disregard for environmental
requirements are creating a number of problems. From
this point of view, agrotourism, like ecotourism, in the
direction of its development performs tasks that directly
and indirectly contribute to the rational use of natural
resources in agriculture, the protection of agricultural
landscapes and the restoration of degraded lands.
In addition, it is cheaper to arrange infrastructure and
normal living conditions in the village than in the city. In
megacities, people began to get tired of industrialization
and the rapid growth of city size, so agrotourism has
developed widely in industrialized countries.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, rural tourism
has changed its main vector. In developed countries,
agritourism has now become a socio-economically
effective business with all the necessary attributes. In
Italy, which occupies a leading position in European
agritourism, natural caves have been repurposed for
small hotels and holiday homes. In France,
schoolchildren are taken to farms during school holidays
to get acquainted with real rural life and relax [9].
Two main reasons can be cited for the growing need for
the active development of agritourism in our country.
Firstly, it is an opportunity to open additional sources of
financing for the region, develop social infrastructure,
and secondly, to satisfy the needs of the population in
recreation and leisure services. The Concept for the
Historical
tourism
Pilgrimage
tourism
Recreation
tourism
Cultural
tourism
Ecotourism
Agritourism
Ethnographic
tourism
Sports
tourism
TOURISM
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Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals
Development of the Tourism Sector in the Republic of
Uzbekistan for 2019-2025 made it possible to increase
the effectiveness of reforms carried out to create
favorable economic conditions and factors, to set
priority goals and objectives for the accelerated
development of the tourism sector, to increase its role
and share in the economy, to diversify services and
improve their quality, and to improve tourism
infrastructure [2].
The Decree of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan “On additional measures aimed at
improving the tourism infrastructure in the Republic of
Uzbekistan and further increasing the flow of foreign
tourists” and the Decree “On additional organizational
measures to create favorable conditions for the
development of the tourism potential of the Republic
of Uzbekistan”, as well as to ensure the
implementation of a number of directions for the
accelerated development of domestic tourism as one
of the most important factors of sustainable socio-
economic development of regions, and to familiarize
citizens with the cultural and historical heritage and
natural resources of our country [3].
The establishment of tourist villages in our country is
of great interest to everyone, as it is aimed at creating
favorable conditions for tourists, beautifying the
territory in a new way, creating new jobs for rural
residents, improving their living standards and further
improving our economy.
Starting from November 1, 2019, the State Committee
for Tourism Development of the Republic of
Uzbekistan intends to grant the status of “Tourism
Mahalla”, “Tourism Village” or “Tourism Village” to
citizens’ assemblies with the highest tourism
potential
(towns, villages, auls and mahallas of cities, towns,
villages and auls) if at least 20 family guest houses are
established and at least 5 types of services are
provided for tourists (except for accommodation
and/or catering services).
Within the framework of this project, several villages
located in the territories of our country have received
this status. In particular, the first "Tourism Village" in
Uzbekistan was established in the territory of the
Kumushkon MFY of the Parkent district of the Tashkent
region. According to the project, it is planned to create
50 guest houses, an ethno-village based on 20
households, a national cuisine village consisting of 20
households, a craftsman's village consisting of 15
households, an artists' village involving 10 households,
and an agrotourism village consisting of 20 households
in this area. According to the press service of the
Tourism Committee, a total of 15 tourist villages have
been established across the republic, including the
"Duoba" tourist village in Jizzakh region, Sentob in Navoi
region, "Miraki" in Kashkadarya region, "Konigil" tourist
village
in
Samarkand,
"Boghibaland"
tourist
neighborhood, "Tersak" tourist village, "Sangardak"
MFY, "Sina", "Omonkhona" in Surkhandarya region,
"Ovjazsoy" tourist village, "Ertoshsoy" tourist village,
"Chashma", "Kumushkon" tourist villages in Tashkent
region, and "Nanai", "Chodak" tourist villages in
Namangan region.
The village of Sentob won the Best Tourism Villages
2023 Awards at the 25th session of the UNWTO General
Assembly in Samarkand. Sentob is located 30 km from
Aydarkul and is a place where people tired of the city
bustle can seek refuge. These places are rich in various
animals, birds and insects, some of which are listed in
the Red Book of Uzbekistan. Walking through the
village, you will feel like you have fallen into a unique
and carefully thought-out ancient city. Petroglyphs
carved on rocks from the 5th-6th centuries, the remains
of an ancient mound on the mountaintop, inscriptions
carved on rocks from the 11th-18th centuries, and Lake
Fazilmon at the highest point of the village have always
attracted tourists. On the rocks of "Black Mountain", 12
km from the village of Sentob, you can find numerous
Arabic inscriptions in the Kufic style, fragments of verses
from the Quran, and ancient mounds. In the village of
Sentob, the Sentob reservoir, the ancient caravanserais,
the shrines of "Khoja Porsho", "Khoja Mahmad Savrato",
the "Chashmai Ako" spring, ancient fortresses, Arabic
inscriptions in the Kufic style in Arabic graphics, houses
built of mountain stones, and the preservation of the
unique architecture of the mountainous region are of
great historical importance. Also, in order to ensure
meaningful recreation for tourists in this area,
handicraft centers and small museums have been
organized in houses. In addition to public catering and
accommodation for tourists, a service has been
established to organize trips through the mountains on
horseback and donkeys. The village of Nanai in the
Namangan region is famous for its beautiful, charming
nature. During the first 8 months of this year, about 20
thousand foreign and more than 220 thousand local
tourists visited the village of Nanai. It is reported that in
order to develop tourism and create conditions for
tourists, more than 150 guest houses, 2 hostels, and 15
public catering establishments have been established in
this village over the past 5 years.
Practical measures have been taken to create 6 tourist
villages in 2025: "Shirin" and "Kurgan" tourist villages in
Bukhara region, "M. Topvoldiev" tourist village in
Fergana region, "Shirmonbulak" tourist village in
Andijan region, and "Novka" and "Uzunbulak" tourist
villages in Jizzakh region.
According to researchers, the development of the rural
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Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals
economy of the region will occur not in separate
companies and private organizations, but in a system
of clusters. The positive aspects of such an
organizational structure are the presence of
comprehensive experience in the formation and
development
of
territorial
and
production
associations, a high level of intellectual potential, a
developed technological infrastructure, etc. The
universal scheme of an agrotourism cluster is presented
in Figure 2.
A distinctive feature of a multifunctional cluster is the
use of a company or organization that produces a tourist
product as a core. The cluster combines private
manufacturers, marketing companies, infrastructure
facilities and other necessary elements [10].
2-
image. Universal scheme of the agrotourism cluster in the region
.
CONCLUSION
Today, in our country, all the conditions have been
created to achieve effective results in the field of
agrotourism. The activities of agrotourism are
environmentally harmless, do not put pressure on
nature, but the rating and competitiveness of the
country's agro-industrial complex are effective and
socially significant in terms of economic enhancement.
The innovative changes in the field of tourism
associated with the agro-industrial complex make it
possible to solve a number of complex problems,
satisfying the needs of the population for cultural
development and creating all the conditions for the
development of new forms of small business.
In particular, agrotourist travel is a highly effective way
to promote the right lifestyle, which is the most
important task in the context of demographic
problems. Citizens are taught to treat nature, historical
values and the customs of their ancestors with caution.
All this causes an increase in significant social potential
with an effective economic income.
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