Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research Fundamentals
22
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TYPE
Original Research
PAGE NO.
22-25
DOI
OPEN ACCESS
SUBMITED
20 October 2024
ACCEPTED
22 December 2024
PUBLISHED
12 January 2025
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue01 2025
COPYRIGHT
© 2025 Original content from this work may be used under the terms
of the creative commons attributes 4.0 License.
Two- Way Relationships in
Development on The Role
of The German Diaspora in
Uzbekistan
Sultanov Mardon
Master student, Jizzakh state pedagogical university, Uzbekistan
Abstract:
This article provides a comprehensive
scientific description of the role of the German diaspora
in Uzbekistan in bilateral relations and the importance
of cooperation in today's globalization environment.
Keywords:
Uzbekistan, Germany, cooperation.
Introduction:
Each nation has its own language,
spirituality, customs, traditions and value system.
Today, there are about 3,000 nations on Earth, and
about 200 of them have their own statehood. The
remaining nations, having become part of these states,
continue their customs and traditions that have been
formed over the centuries. At the same time, in multi-
ethnic Uzbekistan, representatives of different
nationalities have the opportunity to demonstrate their
national culture, art, traditions, values, religious
attitudes and beliefs, while feeling this country as their
homeland. As the First President emphasized,
“
In the
land of the Thousand Islands, Central Asia has become a
peaceful center where diverse religions, cultures, and
lifestyles coexist, and ethnic tolerance and tolerance
have become natural norms necessary for survival and
development in the storms of life
” [1:128].
Indeed, the government of our republic, while
developing its development plans in the early days of
independence, paid attention to the promotion of the
interests of the multinational people and their
strengthening with legal foundations as one of the
urgent issues for the future. The more than 150 national
and cultural centers and dozens of religious
confessionals operating in Uzbekistan are a clear proof
of our idea.
Understanding national identity is a condition for
tolerance, which shapes a person's attitude towards
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other nations, not only to the heritage and cultural
heritage of their own nation, but also to the spiritual
heritage of other peoples. Our main dictionary - The
Constitution of the Republic of Uzbekistan (Articles 4,
8, 18, 20, 31, 56, 75, 115) and a number of other laws
of our country emphasize the issue of creating equal
conditions and opportunities for the spiritual and
cultural development of the population of different
nationalities [2].
In Uzbekistan, representatives of various nationalities
have the opportunity to develop the content and
essence of their own national consciousness, along
with the national culture. All this determines the place
of tolerance, which is manifested in the diversity of
national interests and their harmony in content. Any
tolerance serves as the basis for the peaceful
development of the state of Uzbekistan.
The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat
Mirziyoyev , rightly emphasized the following in his
speech at a meeting dedicated to the 25th anniversary
of the establishment of the International Center of the
Republic: “ In the years of independence, a new stage
in the development of interethnic relations has begun
in our country. " Developing a culture of tolerance and
humanity, strengthening unity and harmony between
nations and citizens, and educating the next
generation on this basis, in the spirit of love and
devotion to the Motherland, have been identified as
one of the most important priorities of state policy in
Uzbekistan. All of this has found its full expression in
life. "
of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated
February 7
, 2017 “
On the Strategy of Actions for the
Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in the
Country
” [ 3
] became a program document aimed at
consolidating
the
socio-economic
reforms
implemented in our country over the past century. The
fifth pillar of the Strategy of Actions, “
Ensuring
security, interethnic harmony and religious tolerance,
conducting a thoughtful and practical foreign policy
,”
addresses
the
issue
of
strengthening
the
independence and sovereignty of our state, creating an
environment of security, stability and good
neighborliness in the region of Uzbekistan, and
strengthening the international prestige of our country
[4].
According to information, before that, representatives
of about 70 nationalities lived in the territory of our
current republic. In 1926, 90 nationalities and ethnic
groups lived in our republic, but in 1959 their number
reached 113, in 1979 - 123, and in 1989 - 130.
Currently, representatives of more than 130
nationalities and ethnic groups live in our country.
Uzbekistan has gained its own experience in developing
interethnic
relations.
This
includes
not
only
understanding national identity, fostering a sense of
national pride and honor, but also preserving and
promoting the language, culture, and customs of
nations, and striving to achieve the general unity of all
nations in the country.
National cultural centers are public organizations
serving to meet the national cultural needs of
representatives of one or another nationality living in
Uzbekistan. National cultural centers operate in
accordance with the Constitution of the Republic of
Uzbekistan and the current laws of the Republic of
Uzbekistan on public organizations, as well as their own
charter.
The first national and cultural centers were established
in the republican regions by Koreans, Kazakhs, Jews, and
Armans in 1989. The rapid development and
consolidation of these centers began after Uzbekistan
gained independence. With the independence of
Uzbekistan, ample opportunities and necessary
conditions were created for their effective activity. As a
result, the number of national and cultural centers is
increasing every year. If in 1992 there were 10 national
and cultural centers operating in our Republic, in 1995
their number reached 72, and by 2003 it reached 135.
They include republican, regional, city, and district
cultural centers [5].
In 1995, in Tashkent, by agreement reached between
the First President of the Republic of Uzbekistan IA
Karimov and the Federal President of Germany R.
Herzog,
the
Uzbek-German
Intergovernmental
Commission on the Issues of Germans Living in
Uzbekistan was established. The task of the
Intergovernmental Commission was to study and
improve the social situation of Germans living in
Uzbekistan, and to assist in preserving and supporting
their identity in matters of education, culture, language
and religious beliefs.
Indeed, the first German communities in Uzbekistan
began to form in the 17th-18th centuries. At that time,
engineers, builders, railway workers, doctors, teachers,
scientists, farmers and other highly educated Germans
began to immigrate to this country from Germany. By
the end of the 19th-20th centuries, famous historians
and orientalists - V. Bartold, A. Schmidt, A. Kuhn, E.
Betger, breeder R. Schroeder, doctors K. Reingard and
H. Tsenner, pianist R. Kerer, artist G. Brim and other
well-known Germans worked here.
The great contribution of Germans living in Uzbekistan
to the development of bilateral relations deserves
special recognition. Today, more than 8,000 Germans
living in Uzbekistan maintain close ties with Germany,
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preserving and developing their national traditions and
culture [6:157].
Representatives of the German nationality mainly live
in Tashkent city, Tashkent, Bukhara, Fergana, Jizzakh,
Syrdarya and Samarkand regions. To develop
interethnic harmony, solidarity, friendship and
tolerance in our country, to preserve the unique
spiritual heritage, culture, traditions, customs,
language and history of the German people, In order to
develop and pass on to the growing future generation,
the German Cultural Center of Uzbekistan was
registered on July 16, 1992 by the Ministry of Justice
with No. 42 (
“Wiedergeburt”
- Uzbek meaning
“Revival”)
. This cultural center has its branches in
Bukhara, Samarkand, Fergana and Tashkent regions,
and was re-registered on June 18, 2013 with No. 178p.
Since February 25, 2017, the Cultural Center for
Germans in Uzbekistan “Wiedergeburt” has
been
headed by Ye. Mironova, and the deputy heads are S.
Zaitseva and I. Shchur. More than 70 people in
Tashkent and more than 130 in the regions participate
in the daily life of the center [5]. The center
coordinates the activities of its regional structures in
Tashkent, Bukhara, Samarkand and Fergana regions.
During its daily activities, various clubs, circles and
creative teams are organized.
The center, in collaboration with the GIZ society, has
been implementing social projects, including the
establi
shment of the “Sen y orklub” youth club in 2019
,
which organized a number of events aimed at
providing assistance and care to sick and low-income
families of German nationality. The center's youth
actively participate in national holidays such as
(Ostern) spring festival, (Erntedankfest) harvest
festival, (Weihnachten) Christmas, and annually in
August they celebrate “Remembrance Day” as the day
of the deportation of Germans to the Central Asian
region [5].
It is worth noting that regular meetings of the
intergovernmental commission on the issues of
Germans living in Uzbekistan have been held, in
particular, in 2011, 2013 and 2015 the meeting was
held in Germany. In 2012, during his visit to Uzbekistan,
German Deputy Minister of the Interior K. Bergner
visited Tashkent, Bukhara, Fergana and Samarkand
and got acquainted with the national cultural centers
there. In 2014, a German delegation led by the
Plenipotentiary Representative of the Federal Republic
of Germany for National Minorities, Member of the
German Bundestag, H. Koshik, visited Uzbekistan.
During the visit, they got acquainted with the activities
of the Republican International Cultural Center and the
“Wiedergeburt” Cultural Center for Germans in
Uzbekistan.
Within the framework of the meeting of the
Intergovernmental Commission, the Plenipotentiary
Representative of the Federal Republic of Germany for
National Minorities, Member of the German Bundestag
B. Fabrizius visited Uzbekistan in 2019. Members of the
delegation led by B. Fabrizius got acquainted with the
activities of German cultural centers in the Bukhara and
Samarkand regions and exchanged views.
During 2019-2021, the Center held more than 100
various events, in particular, in September 2021, the
30th anniversary of the Cultural Center of Germans in
Uzbekistan “Wiedergeburt” was held. The event was
attended by members of a delegation led by the
Plenipotentiary Representative of the Government of
the Federal Republic of Germany, Member of the
German Bundestag B.Fabricius. A conference, a photo
exhibition, a tour of Tashkent, and an official reception
were held as part of the anniversary.
A number of representatives of the German diaspora
have been awarded the highest awards of our
Motherland for their selfless services to various spheres
of our country. In particular, V. Günter (1993) was
awarded the Certificate of Honor of the President of
Uzbekistan, T. Ekel (1994), O. Meyer (2001), N. Eichwald
(2007), M. Reck (2009), M. Geytsin (2012) were awarded
the Order of "Friendship", I. Shchur (2004) was awarded
the Order of "Labor Glory", N. Kaiser (2017) was
awarded the Medal of "Glory", R. Schroeder (2005) was
awarded the Order of "For Great Services", and E.
Mironova (2021) was awarded the Order of "Friendship"
[5]. The activities of the German Cultural Center are
widely covered in the newspapers "Narodnoe slovo",
"Pravda Vostoka", "Vecherny Tashkent", "Novosti
Uzbekistana", "Uzbekistan Today", as well as the
magazines "Harmony", "Yagona oilada".
The Uzbekistan-Germany and Germany-Uzbekistan
friendship societies operate in Uzbekistan. They have
been making a significant contribution to the further
development of cultural and educational dialogue
between the two countries and the formation of a
positive image of Uzbekistan in Germany.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, national cultural centers and friendship
societies are constantly looking for new partners in the
fields of science and education, culture and art. Most
importantly, citizens of German nationality in
Uzbekistan are considered an integral part of Uzbek
society, as well as a link in the bonds of friendship
between the two countries.
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