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HISTORY OF DIESEL ENGINES AND THEIR DIFFERENCES FROM OTHER
ENGINES
G‘. M. Bahodirov
Assistant, Andijan State Technical institute
J.I.Suyarov
Student, Andijan State Technical institute
Abstract:
Diesel engines modern transportation and in industry important place
holds ,
especially freight, rural farm and construction in the field. Their high efficiency and strength
because of world according to wide In Uzbekistan, for example, diesel motor vehicles (buses,
trucks) public transport and logistics from 20% in the field more than to share has. This article
reviews the history of the development of diesel engines, analyzing their differences from other
engines (gasoline, electric, and hydrogen).
Key words:
diesel engines, automobile, transportation, gasoline, electricity engines, hydrogen,
combustion, village economy, society transportation.
Diesel engines appearance (late 19th century). Diesel engine basis German engineer Rudolf
Diesel in 1892. He used heat energy mechanic to energy of conversion effective method working
exit goal In 1897, the first working diesel engine from the test was held, its efficiency around
25% was, this that's it much faster than steam engines of the time (10-15%) high was. Diesel
engines compressed in the air fuel
by itself burning on principle is based on this sparkly to
burn dependent gasoline from engines difference First use, initially industry stations and
on ships used.
XX century first half expanding went. 1920s-1930s: Diesel engines car and iron road
in
transport application Mercedes-Benz first launched in 1924. diesel his car working released.
Technological to the achievements fuel
casting pumps improvement and squeeze level
increase efficiency by 30% delivered. Soviet Union during In Uzbekistan diesel with engine
locomotives and tractors ( e.g. MTZ-50) for rural areas on the farm wide used.
XX century second in the middle modernization period started. 1950s -1980s: Turbocharging
and Common Rail fuel casting systems current These systems power increase fuel spend
by 20% reduced. Ecological to problems diesel engines waste gases (NOx, soot) problem
intensified, this catalytic converters and soot filters (DPF) to release take came. In the 1980s, the
Tashkent Tractor Plant diesel factory with engine techniques working released, but ecological
standards still underdeveloped was.
XXI century: Ecological requirements and competition period. 2000s: Euro-5 and Euro-6
standards diesel to the engines hard emission requirements current SCR (Selective Catalytic
Reduction) systems reduce NOx emissions by up to 80%. reduced. Electricity and hydrogen
engines development diesel to the engines pressure However, freight transport
and in
industry diesel still the leader. In 2024 , UzAutoMotors diesel motor trucks working to release
expanding, but ecological to standards compliance to do problem current.
Diesel engines in development turbocharging technology important place It is currently in use
in the 1970s. done turbocharging to engines more air supply, power by 30% increased and fuel
spend by 15% Common Rail system: Developed by Bosch in the 1990s working issued this
system fuel
high accurate at pressure (2000 bar) spray opportunity gave , this and burning
efficiency by 40% delivered.
Diesel engines other from engines difference
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Gasoline engines with comparison
Performance Principle: Diesel engines fuel
compressed in the air by itself burning
through works, gasoline engines and sparkly to burn is based on.
Efficiency: Diesel engines with 35-40% efficiency yes , gasoline engines and 20-30%.
This diesel fuel thrift provides .
Waste: Diesel engines NOx and soot more emits , gasoline engines and CO₂ and CO
more contribution Addictive.
Application : Diesel trucks and on buses wide distributed, gasoline engines and light
in cars preferably.
Electricity engines with comparison
Performance Principle: Electric engines from the battery power take, mechanic energy
harvest does, burning process It wo n't be possible.
Efficiency: Electric engines reach 80-90% efficiency yes, diesel relatively much high.
Waste: Electricity engines work during waste does not emit , but the battery working
release and electricity working release processes CO₂ emissions take is coming.
Limitations: Electrical engines charge to the stations related, in Uzbekistan and charge
infrastructure limited ( 50 stations in Tashkent in 2024) there is).
Application: Electrical
engines light in cars expanding, diesel and heavy in transport
column.
Hydrogen engines with comparison
Performance Principle: Hydrogen fuel
fuel cells produce hydrogen oxygen with to
react enter, electricity energy harvest does. Burning in the process only water comes out.
Efficiency: Hydrogen cells at 50-60% efficiency yes, from diesel high, but lower than
electricity.
Waste: Hydrogen engines ecological clean , diesel and NOx and soot releases.
Limitations : Hydrogen charge stations and working release infrastructure In Uzbekistan
almost no, this his/her current to be completed makes it difficult .
Application: Hydrogen engines test in phase , diesel and currently wide spread.
Bio- diesel with comparison: Bio - diesel ( plant from oils working released) diesel in engines
usage possible, which would reduce CO₂ emissions by 20% However, biodiesel in
Uzbekistan working release infrastructure underdeveloped.
Gas engines (LPG/CNG): Natural to gas based engines NOx emissions to diesel by 30%
compared to reduces, but the power lower. In Uzbekistan gas motor vehicles 10 % share ha .
Capital Costs: Diesel engines working release and under repair gasoline to engines 15-20 %
more expensive than fuel thriftiness because of far within the period more economical.
In Uzbekistan diesel engines mainly following in the fields applies to:
Logistics: In freight transportation KamAZ and like MAN diesel trucks wide spread.
Village Economy: Diesel tractors ( e.g. Belarus MTZ) rural from 60% of the farm more than
part provides.
Church transport: Tashkent and In Samarkand diesel buses public 30% of the transport
organization does.
Diesel waste In Tashkent air by 25% of pollution close part organization Euro- 5 standards
compliance to do limited. In Uzbekistan diesel fuel sulfur amount high, this engines efficiency
reduces. Electricity and hydrogen technologies development diesel to the engines pressure is
taking place.
Diesel from engines use expansion for following attention focus necessary. Ecological standards
current to Euro-5 and Euro-6 standards by 2026 to pass mandatory to be done Catalytic
converter systems Expansion: Diesel engines with SCR and DPF systems installation waste
by 70% reduces. Alternative fuel tests: in Tashkent hydrogen or bio- diesel fuel from the test
transfer .
Conclusion:
Diesel engines his/ her own high efficiency and strength because of car industry
and heavy in transport important place They are development history from the end of the 19th
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century starting today on the day ecological requirements and competition because of new to
the stage passed. Gasoline to engines relatively economical. electric and hydrogen to engines
relatively and wide applicable diesel engines In Uzbekistan logistics and village on the farm
important importance However, ecological
problems and alternative of technologies
development diesel engines modernization to do and ecological standards current to reach
demand " Digital " "Uzbekistan - 2030 " strategy within this measures done if increased , diesel
engines ecological to stability contribution add takes .
References:
1. Heywood, JB (2018). Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals . McGraw-Hill Education .
2. UzAutoMotors . (2023). Annual Report 2022-2023: In Uzbekistan car working release and
market analysis .
3. Bosch, R. (2022). Automotive Handbook . 10th Edition. Wiley .
4. Uzbekistan
Ecology and the environment protection to do state Committee . (2024).
Tashkent in the city air quality monitoring report .
5. Stone, R. (2012). Introduction to Internal Combustion Engines . Palgrave Macmillan .
6. International Energy Agency (IEA). (2023). Global Trends in Diesel Engine Technology .
Paris : IEA Publications .
7. Mollenhauer , K., & Tschöke , H. (2010). Handbook of Diesel Engines . Springer .
