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THE ROLE OF SPIRITUAL EDUCATION IN THE SOCIALIZATION OF THE
INDIVIDUAL AND NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC PROCESSES
Aripova Zulfiyakhon Solijonovna
Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor
Andijan State Technical Institute
Faculty of Foreign Languages and Humanities
Abstract:
In this article, the relationship between the individual and the state, man and society
takes on a new meaning and form, develops on the basis of new features, new tendencies, and at
the same time the sense of citizenship helps the individual to assimilate the spiritual ideals of
society. It is worth noting that the sense of citizenship is an important and fundamental factor for
the functioning of the spiritual ideal as a person in the moral environment of society, and the
influence of the formation of the spiritual ideal is also indicated by the opinions of Russian
scientists G.Andreev, V.A.Yadov and Uzbek scientist researcher M.Kakhxarov.
Keywords:
society, personality, socialization, functional, reform, activity, material and spiritual
need, worldview, spiritual ideal, civic feeling, socialization, social, emotional, subject, individual,
national and universal values, spirituality, full-fledged personality, national spirituality, language,
feelings, national history, the need of the nation, social group.
INTRODUCTION
Man is the main goal and the main creative and implementing force of all the developments and
changes taking place in society. In our country today, Reform is not for the sake of reform, but
for the sake of man, for the sake of his abundant life, and its practical expression is not difficult
to see in all areas.
The reality of today's life shows that in order to be a socially active creator, a person must be
independent, free and creative thinking, enterprising and enterprising, well-versed in modern
knowledge, and able to correctly understand his material and spiritual needs.
Therefore, today, “in the process of building a free, fair and comfortable life in our country,
socio-political relations, consciousness and thinking of people are gaining more and more
concrete, at the same time a completely new meaning. In particular, it is not difficult to notice
and understand that the relationship between the individual and the state, man and society have
acquired a new meaning and form and are being improved on the basis of new features, new
principles.”
.
The changes in these democratic reforms will not remain without a person's influence on the new
formation of his worldview, aspirations, spiritual ideals.
So what is this spiritual ideal?
Spiritual ideal - a person's noble purpose (idea), deep knowledge (worldview) and the effective
role of action (action)
It would be appropriate to describe it as an inner force that encourages.
It should be noted that the sense of citizenship is an important and fundamental factor for a
person to act as a spiritually ideal person in the moral environment of society.
METHODS
It is known that “our Constitution is a solid ground for building a democratic state based on the
rule of law, civil society, free market economy, building a prosperous and prosperous life for our
people, taking its rightful place in the international arena.”
At the same time, a sense of citizenship allows a person to assimilate the spiritual ideals of his
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society. Russian scientist According to G.Andreev, when a person relies on a sense of citizenship
in understanding the spiritual ideals of society, four principles play an important role: 1) the
person seeks to take his place in society; 2) the person adapts to the characteristics of the
community; 3) the person strives for the stability of his pride; 4) a person discovers a sense of
citizenship out of pride.
Another Russian scientist, V.A.Yadov, a person with a spiritual ideal, appreciates the sense
of citizenship even in the most difficult times.
writes that L.G.Ionin is of the opinion that the
spiritual ideal ultimately leads to the formation of a sense of citizenship in the individual at the
national level.
.
The view of the Uzbek researcher M. Kahharova on the influence of the spiritual ideal on the
formation of personal qualities can be considered as a more complete and theoretically mature
approach to the scientific debate on this issue. According to him, the development of a spiritual
ideal society also affects the development of a full-fledged person. A mature person is a full-
fledged person who is distinguished by his devotion to spiritual ideals.
There are several characteristics of such a person:
First of all
, a full-fledged person does not change in a way that is consistent with life-
changing. Due to the richness of his spiritual world, he quickly understands the essence of events
and does not make many mistakes.
Second
, a full-fledged person is the owner of his own
destiny. He stands out among many because he can see far. The individual unites the members of
society as a whole and as a whole.
Third
, a full-fledged person is an enviable phenomenon with
maturity. Members of the community begin to imitate him and solve problems under his
leadership.
Fourthly
, a full-fledged person is distinguished by universal qualities. It combines
democracy and determination, openness and secrecy.
Fifth
, a full-fledged person is a
dynamically developing phenomenon. He is a person who is quick to accept any news and quick
to understand the needs of society.
In our view, Humanity lives in a single spiritual air and
press, that is, it retains only the spiritual power that is inherent in humanity. This power draws
strength from the spiritual ideal.
In turn, the socialization of the spiritual ideal has a direct impact on the socialization of the
individual. Adaptation to social attitudes, socialization can be said to represent not only the
adaptation of a person to the social environment, but also the process of educational and
ideological influence on him. An individual is an integral part of a person's moral and social
characteristics, a product of social development and integration into the system of social relations
through the active behavior and behavior of the individual. A person is a subject with unique
intellectual, emotional, volitional - personal signs and qualities. The process of an individual's
integration into society ensures his or her socialization. As a result of the introduction of social
relations, the ground is created for the individual to assimilate the values and norms of
society. In this sense, it is an object of social influence. Also, as a result of socialization, the
individual becomes active in various relationships in society, in which he becomes a subject, a
force, acting as a subject of social relations. In fact, socialization is the process by which a
person and society interact with each other, interact, adapt, adapt to the social environment of the
human child, and assimilate the elements of national and universal culture, especially the various
moral and legal norms and values. is a philosophical category.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
In our opinion, socialization is the result of a person's desires, aspirations, and activities to
achieve the ideal. The socialization of the individual is also reflected in the combination of
national and universal values in his lifestyle. At the same time, "If a person strives for a
specific goal, if all the conditions are created for him, if he is encouraged materially and
spiritually, he will be able to achieve the highest goals," of course, this process opens the way to
the moral socialization of the individual.
For this reason, the socialization of the individual is inconceivable in isolation from national
spirituality. Therefore, the role of national-spiritual processes in the formation of personal
qualities can be understood only through a comprehensive study of the category of spirituality. It
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must be acknowledged that the concept of “spirituality” has long been non-class, non-historical,
religious worldviews. In some sources, “spirituality” is a div without a soul and a div; it all
depends on God, the church, faith; everything is interpreted as a spirit that depends on the human
mind, morals, and will
. In addition, the Russian philosopher N.Berdyaev also called
“Spirituality” an unnatural, divinely given, grounded event, "the highest achievements, the
highest qualities, the values of man."
, he knew.
In our opinion, there is some truth in these views. This is because, although man's spirituality is
not an innate phenomenon, there are other factors in his psyche that are related to theology, such
as human behavior, behavior, moral formation, family upbringing, and the influence of education
on the individual. It is no coincidence that the thinker Ahmad Donish described man as "a
wonderful creature who found a place between the earth and the universe." It is in this definition
that man refers to divinity.
Analyzing spirituality as a socio-philosophical concept, we come to the conclusion that
“spirituality” is a concept that has its own socio-historical basis for deep-rooted ancient
roots. Because we can learn about spirituality and its foundations from the spiritual book of
Zoroastrianism, the Avesta, through our spiritual riches, which form a whole chain created to this
day.
The various definitions of spirituality show that it is a multifaceted, complex, historical event.
The moral values in the Avesta are to work, to be kind, to protect nature, to love the
Fatherland, to be purified, to be righteous, to be kind, to love, to help one another, to be kind, to
be united, to be ignorant, not to be ignorant, spiritual and moral ideas such as religion, truth and
justice.
As noted by our first President Islam Karimov, the most authoritative ancient manuscript, the
Avesto, is 3,000 years old. This unique book is the spiritual and historical heritage of our
ancestors, who lived here between two rivers XXX centuries ago. “The Avesta is now a
historical document that testifies to the existence of a great state, a great spirituality, a great
culture in this ancient land, and no one can deny it.”
.
In the Avesta, the dreams of the creation of the world, the development of man as a people, the
struggle for good against evil, freedom, creativity and ingenuity are expressed. The teachings of
Zarashtura, the good thoughts, good words and good deeds promoted in the Avesta, lead the
people to goodness, purify people spiritually, and lead them to spirituality.
Spirituality is a product of human historical development, and the spirituality of the Uzbek
nation is not in any “empty” or “naked” place, but in the wealth created by its ancestors. Because
of the strength of its lands, no matter how much it tries to destroy it by foreign invaders, it is still
a source of self-determination and self-determination of our nation.
All the ideas put forward in the Holy Qur'an, which is the holy book of Islam, have encouraged
people to be spiritual. Thanks to our independence, the Holy Qur'an, hadiths, religious literature
and other sources have been widely disseminated. These books are classic works that help to
raise our national spirituality, and it is noteworthy that the first President of our country, Islam
Karimov, was a staunch supporter of this work.
It is important to cite the opinions of scientists of the republic on the history of the formation of
the concept of “spirituality”, its socio-philosophical, literary, artistic, scientific content, and their
comparative analysis. According to academician E.Yusupov, “Spirituality is an integral part of
human morality and ethics, knowledge, talent, ability, practical skills, conscience, faith, beliefs,
worldview, ideological views, and has a positive impact on the development of
society.”
. According to the scientist K.Ergashev, “Spirituality transforms man into a human
being, which is radically different from other living beings. faith, diligence, patriotism, honesty,
purity, respect for nature, love of science, literature, art and culture, devotion to national and
universal values, language, history, culture, customs and traditions of oneself and other peoples.
singari contains wonderful qualities and virtues. Spirituality adorns and beautifies human life”
According to А.Jalolov, “Spirituality is a sign of a person, the essence, an integral part of his
activity, the product of consciousness, intellect.”
In general, spirituality is the spiritual content
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of human activity, through which people understand themselves, solve the problems of society,
nature, their way of life, their practical activities. "Spirituality is a concept that integrates the
inner life, spiritual experiences, mental abilities, perception of a society, a nation or an
individual”
. “Spirituality is the inner spirit of every person, his intellect, his self-awareness,
his heart full of goodness, good intentions, the ability to consciously act and strive for new goals
ahead”
. “Spirituality is a multifaceted phenomenon, a holistic unity of moral (ethics, duty,
sense of responsibility), scientific, creative, practical skills (labor, creativity, talent, ability),
religious, ideological views.”
Researcher A.Erkaev confuses the word “spirituality” with the
Sanskrit word “manas”, which means the mind, and emphasizes the connection between
them.
Indeed, these words are closely related in meaning. This is another proof of the
universal value of spirituality. In fact, a group of scholars writes that spirituality is the fixed
aspirations, concepts, norms, social ideals, ideals of the social consciousness, which are raised to
the level of beliefs and values, and their contribution to the cultural heritage and traditions of
the nation is reflected in the traditions is the mental and emotional, spiritual and ideological
environment. “Spirituality is the light of truth reflected in the human heart, in the mirror of the
soul.” “Spirituality is a set of positive social qualities that a person's useful knowledge is tested
in practice, passed through the levels of skills and abilities, and absorbed into the spirit and
reflected in the way of life.”
Researcher M.Karshibaev also called spirituality “a symbol of divine light, human
nature.”
This can be acknowledged as the author's point of view, but it is not a complete
definition. I.Saifnazarov's definition of the concept of “spirituality” pays more attention to the
inner content of spirituality. “Spirituality, he says, is the embodiment of all the good, noble
aspirations that are reflected in the human being. Spirituality is the source of goodness. He is
against ignorance. Because ignorance is the source of all evil.”
However, the essence of
spirituality cannot be revealed unless the inner and outer aspects of spirituality are discussed
together.
Researcher A.Mukhtorov's comments on the concept of “spirituality” are also valid. According
to him, “spirituality is socially connected, it is unique to man and it is a virtue connected with
human activity. “Spirituality” is a wide-ranging social phenomenon that expresses a person's
consciousness, thinking, worldview, beliefs and convictions, opportunities, talents, activities and
abilities.”
G.J.Tulenova explains the concept of "spirituality" as follows: "Spirituality is an
important element of any society. Without a high spirituality and ideology, no society or state
can develop. A nation with a high level of spirituality, only the people will step into the future
with consistency.”
Similar definitions are common in other sources. Spirituality is a multifaceted concept, and the
definitions given to it are varied. In turn, there is a certain scientific character in these
definitions. However, the essence of spirituality is not fully revealed in these
definitions. However, today's social reality and the spirit of the times require a definitive
definition of the concept of spirituality, an analysis of its socio-philosophical content in the new
conditions.
Thus, a new approach to the concept of spirituality, the definition of the qualitative criteria that
determine the spiritual life, the dialectic of the events that lead to radical changes in it, the full
definition of the essence of the definition of spirituality.
In this sense, the first President of our country, I.A.Karimov, the definition given to the concept
of "spirituality" in the work "High spirituality is an indestructible force", published in 2008, can
be considered the most perfect definition both theoretically and scientifically. "Spirituality,"
writes the first president of our country, I.A. Karimov, "is an incomparable force that encourages
a person to grow spiritually, energize the inner world of a person, activate his will, make his faith
whole, awaken his conscience, is the criterion of all his views."
The concept of "spirituality"
fully embodies ideological, educational, cultural, religious and moral views in the life of society.
Through a deep understanding of the essence of logical harmony in this definition, it is possible
to identify the main components of national spirituality, analyze the trends of its development
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and formulate and creatively develop a scientific definition that serves to reveal the national
aspects of spirituality based on the scientific and theoretical study of observations of the
influence of global phenomena.
Proceeding from the essence of the expressed thoughts, we considered it correct to give our
definition to the concept of "spirituality" as follows: "spirituality is a social phenomenon, which
is formed in the mutual unity of the material – spiritual and intellectual world of man, manifested
in connection with qualitative changes in the life of a person, Nation, State and society,
emdiving certain changes is a product."
The definition given to spirituality was able to cover to a certain extent the processes associated
with national spirituality. However, due to the fact that the process we are studying is directly
related to national spirituality, there is a need for a deeper approach to the socio-philosophical
analysis of this concept.
Thus, spirituality is an internal rational (intellectual) and fixed emotional (emotional) world
formed over the centuries by a nation, inextricably linked with its roots, its historical experience
and socio-cultural development. Focusing on these characteristics of the concept of national
spirituality will have a positive impact on the effective solution of the study.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, it should be noted that
,
first of all, national spirituality is a multifaceted, complex
socio-philosophical concept of each nation.
Secondly,
the essence of national spirituality is a
system of values, traditions, traditions, heritage and inheritance, created by this nation and
preserved as an important value in its life, as a necessary tool for its future.
Thirdly,
the factors
that make up the national spirituality and explain its essence can include the following. These
include: a) morality and decency; b) knowledge, science, practical skills, talents, abilities that
arise in the process of practical work; c) faith, belief, conscience, fairness, sincerity, which are
the result of moral and scientific maturity; d) generalization of human knowledge, practical
experience is a worldview and ideology focused on activity
.
Fourth,
national spirituality is
the strength of the nation and society, and it is constantly enriched.
Fifth,
national spirituality is
a unique socio-historical event, which belongs to each nation and has deep historical roots.
Sixth,
the restriction of national spirituality leads to the collapse of society.
Seventh,
the independence
of our republic has created important conditions and opportunities for the rapid growth of
national spirituality.
Eighth,
it is shaping young people's sense of national identity, belonging to
the nation and its history.
Ninth,
the spiritual upliftment consists of the organization and
maintenance of an educational system in accordance with the program.
Fourth,
in order for
young people not to be confined to a certain worldview, they must be able to use the ideas of
national pride and national independence as a guide for their activities, and learn to think in new
ways.
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