This article explores the main genres of children’s literature in England during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It examines how these genres evolved in response to the historical, cultural, and social transformations of the period, including the impact of the Industrial Revolution, the rise of the middle class, and the shifting perceptions of childhood. Key genres discussed include fairy tales and fantasy, animal stories, adventure literature, moral and didactic fiction, and realistic fiction. The article also highlights the role of illustrations in making children’s books more engaging and accessible. Through detailed analysis, it shows how these genres not only entertained but also served as tools for moral and educational instruction, shaping young readers’ imaginations and values.
