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PHYTONEMATODES OF SOME FRUIT TREES IN THE SURKHANDARYA REGION
OF UZBEKISTAN
Bekmurodov Abdujabbor Sattorovich
Associate Professor, Department of
Zoology, Termez State University
abdujabborbekmurodov7@gmail.com
Turopova Mukhlisa
PhD student at Termez State University
of Engineering and Agrotechnology
Annotation:
The article provides data on the fauna, taxonomic composition and distribution of
plant nematodes of fruit trees in the conditions of the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan. As a
result of the study, 35 species of plant nematodes belonging to 24 genera, 15 families, 4 orders
and 2 subclasses were registered in the root system and rhizosphere of some fruit trees (apricot,
peach).
Keywords:
fauna, distribution, plant nematodes, Surkhandarya region, fruit trees, apricot, peach,
root system, root soil.
Introduction.
Of great importance in the life of every person is the production of fruit and berry
crops - one of the most important components of medical and dietary nutrition, a source of
vitamins and other vital areas of nutrition that ensure stable longevity and a healthy lifestyle
from infancy to old age.
In recent years, mass drying of shoots, branches and plants has been noted in natural and
agrobiocenoses, leading to the death of orchards and berries. In the complex of harmful
organisms, phytoparasitic nematodes have received the greatest distribution and economic
importance.
It is known that phytoparasitic nematodes can cause serious crop losses and are among the most
significant pests of various agricultural crops, especially perennial fruit and berry crops.
The role and significance of phytoparasitic nematodes for agricultural crops is not limited to
parasitism on the roots, vegetative and reproductive organs of host plants. Numerous species of
nematodes are carriers of viral, fungal and bacterial infections. Phytoparasitic nematodes carry
out their vital activity either in the soil as ecto- and endoparasites and usually damage the
underground parts of plants, or as endoparasites of aboveground organs [3].
The purpose of our research was to study the species composition, distribution and ecology of
plant nematodes of fruit trees in the conditions of the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan. The
paper presents the preliminary results of our research. Comprehensive scientific work on the
study of the fauna of phytonematodes of fruit trees in the southern part of the Republic of
Uzbekistan continues.
Material and research methods.
The material for this work was samples of some fruit trees
(common apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), common peach (Persica vulgaris Mill.)), collected in
orchards in the Surkhandarya region. The preparation of samples for analysis was carried out in
the summer period of 2021-2022. The studies were carried out by the generally accepted route
Volume 15 Issue 08, August 2025
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method [2]. To study the nematodological complex of fruit trees, 275 plant and 275 soil samples
were collected and analyzed. Of these, 1022 plant nematodes were extracted by various methods.
Phytonematodes were extracted by the Berman funnel method and fixed with 4% formalin
solution. The nematodes were clarified in a mixture of glycerol and alcohol (1:3), and permanent
preparations on glycerol were prepared for laboratory processing of the material according to the
Seinhorst method [7]. Soil samples for the presence of the cyst nematode were usually analyzed
according to the standard Dekker method [1].
The species composition of nematodes was studied under an MBR-3 microscope. Species were
identified using morphometric parameters obtained according to the generally accepted De Man
formula [4] in its modification according to Micoletzky [6]. The degree of dominance of plant
nematodes in plant and soil samples was determined from the percentage of individuals of
individual species to the number of all detected by Witkowsky [5].
Results.
This paper presents the results of a preliminary analysis of the selected material. As a
result of nematological studies of fruit trees in the Surkhandarya region of Uzbekistan, we found
35 species of plant nematodes belonging to 22 genera, 14 families, 4 orders and 2 subclasses.
Apricot nematodes
.
In our material, in the roots and rhizosphere of sea buckthorn plants, we
identified 19 species of phytonematodes belonging to 13 genera, 10 families, 4 orders, and 2
subclasses. Species Tylencholaimus minimus, Diphtherophora communis, Eucephalobus
oxyuroides, Panagrolaimus rigidus, Aphelenchus avenae, Aphelenchoides parietinus,
Quinisulcius capitatus, Helicotylenchus dihystera, H.erythrinae were found in large numbers in
the root system and root soil of sea buckthorn. Species Rhabditis brevispina, Filenchus
leptosoma, Aglenchus agricola were found in insignificant amounts.
Peach nematodes
. In the root system and root soil of hawthorn, 16 species of phytonematodes
belonging to 11 genera, 9 families, 4 orders and 2 subclasses have been registered. Among the
found phytonematodes, Cephalobus persegnis, Acrobeloides buetschlii, Chiloplacus
quintastriatus, Panagrolaimus rigidus, Aphelenchus avenae, Aphelenchoides parietinus,
A.composticola, Quinisulcius capitatus, Helicotylenchus dihystera, H.erythrinae, and
Ditylenchus dipsaci species dominated. Species Rhabditis brevispina, Xiphinema basiri,
X.elongatum were few in number of individuals.
Conclusion.
The analysis of the conducted studies showed that the fauna, ecology, systematics,
features of the distribution of plant nematodes of fruit trees in the conditions of the Surkhandarya
region of Uzbekistan are insufficient. Therefore, conducting large-scale phytohelminthological
studies in this area, determining the faunistic complex of phytonematodes of fruit trees and
substantiating measures to combat parasitic species are of great scientific and practical
importance in the national economy of Uzbekistan.
References
1. Dekker H. Plant nematodes and their control. - M. Kolos, 1972. 445 p.
2. Paramonov A. A. On some fundamental issues of phytohelminthology // In the book:
Collection of works of young phytohelminthologists. - M.: 1958. - Pp. 3-11.
3. Romanenko N. D., Tabolin S. B. On the issue of studying the epiphytotic situation on fruit and
berry crops in the European part of the Russian Federation // In the book Applied nematology. -
M.: Nauka, 2007. - Pp. 130-136.
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4. De Man J. G. The individual, free and useful life of nematodes. - Tijdschr // Nedrl. Dierk.
Vereen, 1880. – V.5. – 104 p.
5.Witkowski T. Struktura zgrupowania nicieni zyjacych w glebie upraw rolniczych // Stud. Soc.
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