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CONSTRUCTIONS OF HANGING MECHANISMS OF EXISTING UNIVERSAL
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, WORK QUALITY INDICATORS
Khabibullaev Temurbek Donyorbek ugli
Andijan State Technical Institute,
Assistant of the Department of Automotive Engineering and Transport
Annotation:
This article analyzes the designs of existing UAV (universal electrical devices)
suspension mechanisms and their performance indicators. Methods of operation, strength,
durability, and efficiency of suspension mechanisms of various designs are considered.
Comparative analysis is carried out based on performance indicators, including accuracy, speed,
and reliability. The adaptability of the mechanisms to operating conditions and the ease of
maintenance are also assessed. The results indicate the possibility of constructive improvement
to ensure the effective and long-term operation of modern UEVs.
Keywords:
UEV, suspension, design, work quality, efficiency, maintenance
Introduction.
The layout of units is carried out on the basis of traditional and non-traditional
layout solutions. Construction of technological units based on traditional layout solutions is not
always optimal and cost-effective, as their annual load is low and metal consumption is high.
Therefore, the construction of units using non-traditional layout solutions was considered in
more detail [1].
In world agricultural engineering, there is a tendency to develop a block-modular principle for
constructing technological units.
Such units are highly adaptable to modern forms and technologies of agricultural production and
are especially relevant for commodity producers with limited material and labor resources.
According to the materials of the last All-Russian Agricultural Congress [2], more than 30% of
the harvesting machinery fleet in the Russian agro-industrial complex operates in such
conditions.
Aggregates can be created in two ways. In the first case - on the basis of combining the released
mechanisms with one of the interchangeable functional modules - adapters. Such formation of
aggregates is currently widespread in the agro-industrial complex [3].
The second method is the creation of a system of mobile technological means (adapter modules)
interchangeable on the chassis with an alternative adaptive unit with a single-chain power system.
This is a fundamentally new way of constructing technological units [4].
Currently, universal mobile energy means (MES) have been developed for assembly of the agro-
industrial complex with mounted and trailed adapter modules (agricultural machinery, grain and
fodder harvesters and complexes).
The energy saturation of such a MEV, increased transmission on the running gear, increased
load-bearing capacity of the hydraulic mounted mechanism (HMO), advanced HMO systems
and electronics and information technologies were widely used in the aggregate replaceable
modules of the working bodies [5].
When aggregating mechanisms with replaceable adapters, traditional techniques (methods) of
connecting machine constructions and their combination are used by [6]:
- connection of adapters to the MEV trailer;
- adapters mounted on MEV inserts;
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- Installation of the adapter on the MEV chassis.
Connection of MEV units with adapters is carried out by installing trailers and attachments
installed on the MEV chassis, as well as by installing (replacing) adapters on the MEV chassis or
installing them using autonomous loading devices.
The most promising design and assembly solutions have been implemented in modern MEV
samples:
- Gomselmash Plant (Belarus) - UES-250/280; UES-290/450 "Polesye" universal energy means
(UEV);
- UEVs of the "Claas" company (Germany) belonging to the Cherion family (Trac, TracVC,
SaddleTrac).
The UES-250/280 (1) power system is equipped with a semi-frame chassis (Fig. 1.12 a), a
control cabin (2), a front suspension system (3), and a rear trailer. UES-290/450 (1) is
distinguished by the presence of an additional rear suspension system (4) (Fig. 1.12 b). The load
capacity of GOMs is slightly increased.
However, the overall load capacity of the suspension systems and the UEV chassis are still
insufficient to accommodate adapters with significant mass, for example, a combine harvester.
Therefore, a special grain harvesting complex KZR-10 (12) "Polesye - Rotor" with a block-
modular structure on the UEV (Fig. 1.12 b) was developed. UEV, protected by patent No.
2146083 of the Russian Federation, developed on the basis of the original design and structure
[7].
In addition, the UEV can be equipped with sets of interchangeable adapter modules. The main
technological disadvantages of the "Poles'ye" UEV are the insufficient load-bearing capacity of
its hinged systems and chassis and the inability to install technological or transport adapters on
the chassis.
The Cherion MEV family is equipped with a power transmission based on a frame-structured
chassis (Figure 1.3.1), a control cabin (2), and front (3) and rear (4) hinged systems.
Figure 1. Aggregation of the manufactured UEV "Polesye" (PO "Gomselmash") with
technological and harvesting adapters:
a - UES-250/280; b - UES-290/450; c - grain
harvesting complex KZR-10 (12) based on UES-290/450 "POLESIE-ROTOR"; 1 - UEV: 2 -
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control cabin, 3 and 4 - front and rear adapters; 6 - assembly module; 7 - cleaning part; 8 -
hopper; 9 - grain heap transportation system; 10 - grain cleaning and gathering adapter.
Fig. 2. Aggregation with the manufactured UEV (Claas company) technological and
assembly adapters:
a, b - MEV models Xerion Trac, Xerion Saddle Trac; 1 - MEV: 2 - control
cabin, 3 and 4 - front and rear systems with adapters; Transport and Technology Adapter on
Chassis 5
The cab is capable of rotating around its axis and changing its position. In the latest versions,
replaceable technological adapter modules (5) in the form of a div or gear can be installed on
the MEV chassis. Installation of the latter is carried out using additional autonomous loading
devices.
In the future, in order to expand the capabilities of the Xerion MEV (10), to install a grain
harvester (1) on its chassis, the company "Claas" developed and patented a procedure scheme for
such units in Russia [5], which has not yet been implemented in practice (Fig. 2).
However, the technology for installing (or dismantling) a replaceable adapter on the shelves on
the MEV chassis does not meet modern requirements, as it takes a long time. The Xerion MEV
still lacks effective and reliable mechanisms and devices for replacing adapters that can be
replaced over the chassis, which is its main disadvantage and reduces the efficiency of adapter
replacement. In addition, the range of mechanized work performed by the MEV is very limited.
Significantly increasing the efficiency of the combined operation of variable adapter modules
and the MEV, in our opinion, is possible by combining a part of the adapters by hanging and
attaching traditional units to the MEV chassis and installing several or one process adapter on
top of the MEV chassis using its own loading device to replace the adapters. Such a conceptual
construction of aggregates is reflected in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2431954,
developed by the GNU SKNIIMESX of the Russian Agricultural Academy [6].
Conclusion.
As a result of the analysis of the existing designs of the suspension mechanisms of the UEV
(universal electrical means) and their performance indicators, it was established that each type of
design has its advantages and disadvantages. The strength, durability, and mechanical accuracy
of suspension mechanisms are important factors in their effective operation. Quality indicators,
such as accuracy and speed, determine how mechanisms work under different operating
conditions. Also, the ease of maintenance and the possibility of adjustment of mechanisms serve
to extend their service life.
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