Volume 15 Issue 07, July 2025
Impact factor: 2019: 4.679 2020: 5.015 2021: 5.436, 2022: 5.242, 2023:
6.995, 2024 7.75
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140
GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE IN URBANIZATION: ECOLOGICAL TRANSPORT,
GREEN AREAS AND SMART CITY APPROACHES
Eshmurodov Khurshidbek Farhod ugli
4th year student of Economics, Karshi State Technical University
Abstract :
This article explores the concept of green infrastructure in urban planning and its key
components—eco-friendly transportation, green spaces, and smart city technologies. It analyzes
the balance between urbanization and environmental sustainability through international case
studies and Uzbekistan’s initiatives. The article also outlines current barriers and provides
recommendations for advancing sustainable urban infrastructure.
Keywords:
green infrastructure, ecological transport, smart city, urbanization, green spaces,
sustainable city, ecological innovations
Аннотация:
В статье рассматривается концепция зеленой инфраструктуры в
градостроительстве и ее ключевые элементы — экологический транспорт, зеленые зоны и
технологии умного города (smart city). Анализируется взаимосвязь между урбанизацией и
экологической устойчивостью, исследуется международный опыт и инициативы,
реализуемые в Узбекистане. Также приводятся барьеры и предложения по развитию
устойчивой городской среды.
Ключевые слова:
зелёная инфраструктура, экологический транспорт, умный город,
урбанизация, зелёные зоны, устойчивый город, экологические инновации
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada shaharsozlikda yashil infratuzilma tushunchasi va uning asosiy
tarkibiy qismlari – ekologik transport, yashil maydonlar va aqlli shahar (smart city)
texnologiyalarining o‘zaro bog‘liqligi tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada urbanizatsiya va ekologik
barqarorlik o‘rtasidagi muvozanatni ta’minlash uchun xalqaro tajribalar, texnologik
innovatsiyalar va O‘zbekistonda bu yo‘nalishda olib borilayotgan tashabbuslar o‘rganilgan.
Shuningdek, yashil infratuzilmani rivojlantirishga to‘sqinlik qilayotgan omillar va ularni bartaraf
etish bo‘yicha takliflar ilgari suriladi.
Kalit so‘zlar:
yashil infratuzilma, ekologik transport, smart city, urbanizatsiya, yashil maydonlar,
barqaror shahar, ekologik innovatsiyalar
Introduction
Although modern cities have become the center of socio-economic development, their
environmental sustainability remains one of the pressing problems. Increasing population density,
the abundance of vehicles, the reduction of green spaces and the increase in industrial emissions
are increasing environmental risks in the urban environment. Therefore, it is necessary to
introduce the concept of green infrastructure in urban planning, which combines sustainable
development, a healthy lifestyle and modern technologies.
Volume 15 Issue 07, July 2025
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The article considers the practical aspects of green infrastructure in the urban environment -
ecological transport networks, the expansion of green spaces, as well as improving
environmental management through smart city technologies.
Methodology
The study used approaches based on systematic analysis, comparison, statistical evaluation and
comparison of international experience. Urban and environmental approaches were studied based
on the UN Green Cities Program, the European Union Green Deal strategy, and smart city
projects in South Korea and China. Practical cases related to ecological infrastructure in the
cities of Uzbekistan - ecological transport, bicycle paths, artificial reservoirs, parks and
recreation areas introduced in such regions as Tashkent, Samarkand, Fergana - were analyzed.
Results and discussion
Green infrastructure is an environmentally friendly and climate-adapted system based on the
rational use of natural resources in the urban environment. Its main components are as follows:
1. Ecological transport: The role of vehicles in the urban infrastructure is significant, and their
emissions account for more than 60% of atmospheric pollution. Therefore, it is important to
organize convenient paths for electric cars, electrified types of public transport (trams, electric
buses), bicycle paths and pedestrians. In recent years, the number of electric buses in Tashkent
has been increasing, which significantly reduces carbon emissions.
2. Green spaces and landscape architecture: Green spaces are the "breathing system" of the city.
Parks, groves, green walls and ecological zones reduce the heat island effect, improve air quality
and improve the health of citizens. Projects such as the “New Uzbekistan Garden” in Tashkent
and the “Siab Garden” in Samarkand have been important steps in expanding green spaces.
3. Smart city approach: Smart city technologies are important in environmental monitoring,
energy efficiency, waste management and water supply control. For example, in China, “eco-
smart sensors” automatically monitor waste levels, while in Korea, “smart street lights” help
save energy. In Uzbekistan, “SmartWithin the framework of the Tashkent” project, data
exchange, public safety, and digitalization of the transport system have begun.
At the same time, there are several factors that hinder the development of green infrastructure:
Insufficient financial resources and low private investment;
Insufficient consideration of environmental components in urbanization plans;
Lack of qualified specialists for the introduction of technological innovations;
Low awareness of the population about green infrastructure and ecological culture.
The economic and environmental benefits of green infrastructure are that it reduces heat energy
costs, reduces healthcare costs, increases the attractiveness of cities, and creates new
opportunities for eco-tourism.
Conclusion
Green infrastructure should be an integral part of modern urban planning. It is based on
environmental safety, energy efficiency, and human health protection. The combination of
ecological transport, green spaces, and smart technologies will turn cities into not only modern
but also sustainable places to live.
Although reforms in this area are accelerating in Uzbekistan, the following measures should be
strengthened in the following areas:
Strengthening mechanisms for financing green projects through local budgets and
international grants;
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Introducing green infrastructure standards into urban planning legislation;
Introducing subsidies and tax incentives to support environmentally friendly transport and
energy-efficient systems;
Intensifying advocacy efforts aimed at increasing green culture and environmental
responsibility among the population.
The success of future cities depends on how “green” they are. The introduction of green
infrastructure ensures the environmental safety, economic stability and social well-being of
Uzbek cities.
LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 4, 2019 No. PF-5863
“On the Strategy for Transition to a Green Economy”**.
2. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated October 23, 2023
“Program of comprehensive measures to expand the use of green energy sources” of February 28.
3. Official website of the Statistical Agency of the Republic of Uzbekistan – https://stat.uz
4. United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). (2011). Towards a Green Economy:
Pathways to Sustainable Development and Poverty Eradication.
https://www.unep.org/resources/report/towards-green-economy
5. OECD (2021). Green Growth Indicators 2021. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development.
https://www.oecd.org/environment/green-growth-indicators-2021.htm
6. National Development and Reform Commission of the People’s Republic of China. China’s
Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change. (2022)
7. “Green Growth Strategy” program of the Government of South Korea. Ministry of
Environment, Republic of Korea (2020).
8. Tojiboyev, S. (2022). Green Economy and sustainable development: theoretical and practical
foundations. – Tashkent: Publishing House of Economics.
9.Karimov, R., & Zokirova, D. (2021). The role of state policy in the development of the green
economy. – Scientific Journal of Economics and Innovative Technologies, No. 2, pp. 35–42.
10.Soliev, I., & Yuldasheva, M. (2020). The concept of ecological safety and the development of
the green economy. – “Uzbekistan Economic Bulletin”, No. 4, pp. 22–29.
