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«Актуальные вопросы практической
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SLEEP QUALITY IN OBESIC CHILDREN
Agzamova Sh.A.
Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute
Satvaldieva E.S.
Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute
Tashpulatova F.K.
Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute
Akhmedova F.M.
Tashkent Pediatric Medical Institute
Uzbekistan, Tashkent
Introduction
Overweight and obesity in children is a global problem in the world.
According to WHO data for the period from 1975 to 2016 the number of obese
children from 5 to 19 years of age in the world has increased more than 4 times
(WHO.
2021
URL:
https://www.who.int/ru/news-room/fact-
sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight ). The enormous increase in the incidence
of obesity among children has led to an exacerbation of the problem of sleep
disorders. From the point of view of brain electrophysiology, sleep is defined as a
normal biological process of consciousness in which there are criteria for brain
waves. A child spends more than 30% of his life sleeping, and this condition is
critical for growth and development. For this reason, sleep pathologies and their
clinical consequences have become priority areas of scientific research in recent
years [Sánchez
-
López AM, Noack
-
Segovia JP., et al. 2020, Aguilar M.C., Sánchez
A.L., et al. 2013].
Purpose of the study
To study the quality of sleep and its deprivation in children with obesity
degrees I and II.
Materials and methods of research
At the city adolescent clinic in Tashkent, 60 children aged 13-17 years were
examined. Among them were 15 children with normal weight with div mass
index values ranging from -1.0 to +1 standard deviation (SD, WHO, 2009) (control
group). Comparative group
–
overweight children, n=15, (BMI from +2.0 to +3.0
SD). Two main groups consisted of 30 children with obesity, 15 of them with I and
the remaining 15 with II degrees (BMI equal to or more than +3.0 SD). Clinical
manifestations of sleep disorders were carried out on the basis of the Russian
version of a special questionnaire compiled by Kelmanson I.A., (2017) “Children’
s
Sleep Habits Questionnaire”, (CSHQ, Chervin R.D. et al., 2000). reflecting a
subjective assessment of sleep quality using a 10-point system. A deviation from
the norm was considered a score <22. The Epworth scale was used to assess
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РУз с международным участием
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daytime sleepiness (normative score 0-8 points).
Research results
Based on the frequency and structure of complaints from the examined
children, it was found that children with stage II were significantly more likely to
have obesity patients reported shorter (80.0%, p<0.001), restless (66.7%,
p<0.01) sleep and, as a consequence, excessive daytime sleepiness (60.6%,
p<0.01) compared to children of the control group (20.0%, 6.7%, 13.3%,
respectively). A similar picture emerged for children from the 1st grade. obesity
without significant differences relative to control. According to the questionnaire
of Kelmanson I.A. (2017) found that in obese children, sleep disturbance was
clinically manifested by more difficulty falling asleep (46.7% and 60.6%, p < 0.05
children with I and II obesity, respectively) and waking up in the morning (80.0%,
p<0.05, 93.3%, p<0.01, respectively, children with I and II stages of obesity, versus
40.0% control). A significantly high frequency of sleep behavior disorders was
also noted, especially in children from stage II. obesity (80.0%, p<0.05, versus
33.3% in the control). Results of a questionnaire survey of the Russian version of
Kelmanson I.A. (2017)
–
CSHQ, in points, showed that obese children scored
significantly lower than children in the control and comparative groups (16.6b.,
p<0.05, 13.2b., p<0.01, respectively, children with I and II stages of obesity,
against control 25.7b). On the contrary, according to the Epworth Daytime
Sleepiness Scale (1991), obese children, especially those with stage II. scored the
highest points (12.9b, versus 4.3b in the control group).
Conclusion
Sleep disturbance in obese children was clinically manifested by excessive
difficulty falling asleep and waking up in the morning, as well as changes in
behavior during sleep (restless sleep, bruxism, night awakenings, sleepwalking)
with a significant frequency in children with stage 2 obesity. Direct reliable
correlations were established between sleep duration of less than 7 hours and
BMI (r=0.80, p<0.001).
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