JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 17, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Abdikalieva Ariukhan
University of Innovation Technologies
4th-year student of the Faculty of Pedagogical Psychology
DEVELOPING ATTENTION AND MEMORY IN STUDENTS
Abstract:
This article analyzes the psychological and pedagogical foundations of developing
attention and memory in students. Recommendations for improving attention and memory
through scientific research and practical methods are given. Attention and memory play a crucial
role in a person's learning process. Therefore, effective approaches to the formation and
development of these abilities in educational institutions play an important role. The article
highlights ways to develop attention and memory through the use of modern teaching methods,
interactive lessons, didactic games, and information technologies.
Keywords:
students, attention, memory, development, education, psychology, methodology,
cognitive abilities
Input
In today's era of globalization and rapid development of information technologies, improving the
quality of education is a pressing issue. In the educational process, the development of students'
cognitive abilities, including attention and memory, is one of the priority tasks. These abilities
serve not only for the acquisition of knowledge, but also for its long-term memorization,
processing, and practical application.
Psychological research shows that attention and memory are integral components of human
consciousness, and through their development, it is also possible to enhance general mental
activity, creative thinking, and problem-solving abilities. In the educational process, it is
necessary to use special exercises, educational and methodological approaches, and innovative
tools to ensure the regularity of attention and the strength of memory in students.
At the same time, in many cases, students' rapid distraction and poor memory negatively affect
the effectiveness of education. To prevent and eliminate these situations, it is advisable to
effectively use special methods and psychological approaches developed by specialists.
This article examines in detail the scientific foundations, practical methods of developing
attention and memory in students, and the possibilities of their application in the educational
process.
Theoretical foundations of attention and memory
Attention and memory are one of the basic concepts of cognitive psychology and determine a
person's activity and effectiveness in the learning process. Attention is the ability of a person to
focus their mind on a certain object, process, or information and to retain it for a certain period of
time. Memory encompasses the processes of receiving, storing, retrieving, and processing data.
Psychologists (for example, A.N. Leontiev, L.S. Vygotsky, and A.R. Luria) emphasized the
interaction of conscious and unconscious processes in the formation of attention and memory. In
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 17, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
the educational process, conscious attention - that is, task-oriented, goal-oriented forms of
attention - is important.
Memory is divided into several types: short-term, long-term, and operational memory. In the
educational process, the activation of long-term memory is one of the main tasks. This is
achieved through methods of meaningful understanding of information, connecting it with
personal experience, and reviewing it.
The relationship between attention and memory
Attention and memory are closely interconnected. If a student does not pay sufficient attention to
information during its reception, this information will not be firmly stored in their memory.
Therefore, stimulating and maintaining attention in the learning process is the first step in
developing memory.
The level of information retention in a person depends on the emotional state at the time of
receiving information, the level of attention, and internal motivation. The combined development
of attention and memory also improves the student's ability to think independently.
Methods for developing attention and memory
Interactive methods
In modern education, interactive lessons - team exchange of ideas, role-playing games,
"brainstorming," case studies - are of great importance for activating attention and memory. Such
methods ensure the active participation of students in the educational process, increasing the
ability to feel and remember information.
Didactic games
Games used in education are useful for focusing attention and memory training. For example,
word memorization games, table thinking exercises, quests built on memorization arouse
students' interest and encourage active thinking.
Mnemonics and visualization methods
Mnemonics is a method of memorizing information using associations, which develops creativity.
For example, complex information can be easily memorized through abbreviations, songs, or
symbols. Visualization is a method of transmitting information through pictures, diagrams, and
mental maps, and it improves memory function.
Use of information technologies
Electronic platforms (Kahoot, Quizlet, Anki, Duolingo, etc.) and online games, tests play an
important role in the development of attention and memory in students. These tools transmit
information in an interactive form and strengthen memory through repetitive exercises.
Psychological factors and personality traits
Since each student is an individual, their attention and memory are also developed differently. In
some students, the method of auditory perception prevails, in others - visual or kinesthetic.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 17, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Therefore, in the educational process, it is necessary to choose methods of communication and
education, taking into account the individual characteristics of students.
Factors such as stress, fatigue, lack of sleep, and mental state also strongly affect memory and
attention. Maintaining mental stability and internal motivation in students is one of the main
conditions for the effectiveness of education.
Educational environment and the role of the teacher
In the effective development of attention and memory in students, not only methods and
technologies are important, but also the educational environment and the personal role of the
teacher. The pedagogical environment, that is, the psychological atmosphere in the classroom,
teaching style, communication culture, and attitude towards students directly affect the emotional
state and mental activity of students.
Create a motivating environment
For the development of attention and memory, the student must have an inner need, interest, and
motivation. If interesting, life-related, and relevant examples are purposefully presented in the
learning process, students' interest in knowledge increases. This activates attention and helps
better retain information in memory.
A teacher is not only a source of knowledge, but also a psychological leader. Thanks to his
inspiring attitude, students feel confident and are inclined to participate more actively. In this
process, motivational methods such as rewarding, positive feedback, and recognition of personal
achievements play an important role.
Organization and control of attention
The teacher should use active methods in the lesson to direct and maintain students' attention.
For example:
• questions and answers in various formats in the lesson;
• "surprise elements" (intriguing introduction, unexpected questions);
• alternating tasks over time;
• dynamic exercises to restore attention during breaks.
These methods ensure long-term attention retention in students and prevent mental fatigue. At
the same time, the teacher should monitor the activity and participation of each student in the
lesson, which creates an opportunity for a personalized approach.
Material and technical support of the educational environment
In the educational process, the brightness, atmosphere, level of silence of the auditorium,
teaching aids and technical equipment (projectors, computers, screens) have a significant impact
on attention and memory. In an uncomfortable environment, students are distracted, and less
information is stored in memory.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 17, issue 01, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Therefore, it is necessary to update the conditions in educational institutions, provide them with
modern didactic tools, and expand the possibilities of using information and communication
technologies.
Conclusion
The development of attention and memory in students is one of the most important and urgent
tasks of modern education. In the educational process, the high-quality perception of information,
its long-term storage in memory, and practical application are closely related to the intellectual
potential, internal motivation, and mental state of the student.
The above analysis shows that attention and memory are interconnected cognitive processes, the
development of which can be carried out not only with individual capabilities, but also with the
help of targeted pedagogical influence, effective methods, and a favorable educational
environment. The use of interactive methods, mnemonics, visualization, information
technologies, and didactic games in the educational process makes it possible to quickly, deeply,
and effectively assimilate information.
At the same time, the role of the teacher and the quality of the educational environment remain
one of the decisive factors in maintaining students' attention, activating memory, and increasing
the effectiveness of education. If the teacher organizes the lesson taking into account the
individual characteristics of students, then students will have increased internal motivation and
interest in knowledge. This serves to fully realize their intellectual potential.
In conclusion, the development of attention and memory is a process that requires a continuous,
systematic, and targeted approach. In this process, not only the student himself, but also the
cooperation of the teacher, educational institution, and parents is of great importance. Therefore,
it is advisable to more widely implement scientifically based approaches in this area in higher
educational institutions, to ensure the active development of students' cognitive abilities through
individual and group classes.
References:
1. Shakhlo Nurullaeva
2. "Pedagogical Skills" Karshi 2011
3. 2. L.A. Trigorovich, T.D. Marsinkovskaya
4. "Pedagogy and Psychology" Moscow-2003
5. 3. O.M.Askarova, M.Khayitboev, M.S.Nishonov
6. "Pedagogy" Tashkent-2008
