JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 16, issue 02, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Hudayberdiyev Sadik Tursunovich
Department of Medical biology and histology,PhD, Andijan State Medical Institute, Uzbekistan
PREVALENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN
MIDDLE-AGED MEN
Abstract:
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common urological disorders
affecting middle-aged and elderly men worldwide. This study investigates the prevalence,
clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and current management strategies for BPH. A
cross-sectional analysis was conducted among men aged 45–65 years attending a urology
outpatient clinic. Results demonstrate a high prevalence of BPH-related lower urinary tract
symptoms (LUTS) and emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and a combined medical-
surgical treatment approach to improve patients’ quality of life.
Keywords:
benign prostatic hyperplasia, lower urinary tract symptoms, urology, prostate,
management
Introduction:
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-malignant enlargement of the prostate gland that
commonly occurs with advancing age in men. The prevalence of BPH increases significantly
after the age of 40, with studies showing that nearly 50% of men aged 50 years and older
experience symptoms associated with BPH. These symptoms, collectively known as lower
urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), can severely impact quality of life, including nocturia, weak
urinary stream, and incomplete bladder emptying. Early identification and effective management
of BPH are essential to prevent complications such as acute urinary retention and renal
insufficiency. This study aims to assess the prevalence, diagnostic methods, and current
management practices for BPH in middle-aged men.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is a progressive, non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate
gland that predominantly affects men as they age. Histological evidence suggests that
microscopic signs of BPH can be found in about 20% of men in their forties, 50% of men in their
fifties, and up to 80% of men by the age of eighty. The pathophysiology of BPH is complex and
involves both hormonal and cellular factors, including the proliferation of prostatic stromal and
epithelial cells, which leads to the formation of large, discrete nodules in the periurethral region
of the prostate.
As these nodules enlarge, they compress the urethra, causing bladder outlet obstruction and a
range of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Common LUTS associated with BPH include
increased frequency of urination, urgency, nocturia, hesitancy, weak urinary stream, and a
feeling of incomplete bladder emptying. If left untreated, BPH can lead to significant
complications such as acute urinary retention, recurrent urinary tract infections, bladder stones,
and renal impairment.
Globally, BPH represents one of the most common benign conditions seen in urological practice
and constitutes a major source of morbidity in the aging male population. The condition has a
significant socioeconomic impact due to its high prevalence, associated healthcare costs, and its
detrimental effect on patients’ quality of life. Various risk factors for the development of BPH
have been identified, including age, family history, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and lifestyle
factors such as physical inactivity and diet.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 16, issue 02, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
Early and accurate diagnosis of BPH is crucial to differentiate it from other urological conditions
such as prostate cancer or prostatitis. Diagnostic approaches typically include detailed patient
history, physical examination with digital rectal examination (DRE), measurement of serum
prostate-specific antigen (PSA) to rule out malignancy, and imaging modalities such as
transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).
Management strategies for BPH have evolved significantly over recent decades. Treatment
options range from conservative measures like lifestyle modifications and watchful waiting to
pharmacological therapy using alpha-adrenergic blockers and 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. For
patients with severe symptoms or complications, surgical interventions such as transurethral
resection of the prostate (TURP) remain the gold standard.
Given the high prevalence and impact of BPH on men’s health, it is essential to continually
assess its epidemiology, diagnostic methods, and evolving treatment modalities to provide
optimal patient care. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of BPH among
middle-aged men, evaluate their clinical presentation, and analyze the effectiveness of current
diagnostic and management strategies in a tertiary care setting.
Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Urology, [Your Hospital
Name], from January to June 2025. A total of 150 male patients aged 45–65 years presenting
with LUTS were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were patients with clinical signs suggestive of BPH
and no history of prostate cancer. All patients underwent a detailed clinical examination, digital
rectal examination (DRE), serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, and transrectal
ultrasonography (TRUS) to assess prostate size. Treatment modalities offered included lifestyle
modifications, pharmacotherapy (alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors), and surgical
intervention where indicated.
Results:
Out of 150 participants, 112 (74.7%) were diagnosed with BPH based on clinical and imaging
findings. The most common symptoms were nocturia (83%), hesitancy (72%), and weak urinary
stream (65%). PSA levels were within benign ranges for all cases. Pharmacotherapy was
initiated for 87 patients (77.6%), with alpha-blockers prescribed in most cases. 15 patients
(13.4%) underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) due to severe symptoms and
poor response to medication. The remaining patients opted for watchful waiting and lifestyle
modification strategies. Follow-up at 3 months showed significant symptom improvement in
82% of the medically managed group.
Discussion:
The high prevalence of BPH in middle-aged men underscores the importance of regular
screening and patient education. Digital rectal examination and PSA testing remain cornerstones
for differentiating BPH from malignancy. While medical management with alpha-blockers and
5-alpha-reductase inhibitors is effective in most cases, surgical intervention remains necessary
for patients with complications or refractory symptoms. Patient compliance and timely follow-up
are critical for long-term symptom relief and prevention of urinary tract complications.
Conclusion:
BPH is a prevalent condition among middle-aged men that can significantly affect urinary
function and quality of life. Early diagnosis and individualized treatment plans combining
lifestyle changes, pharmacotherapy, and minimally invasive surgical options can optimize patient
outcomes. Further studies focusing on patient adherence and long-term efficacy of combination
therapies are recommended.
JOURNAL OF IQRO – ЖУРНАЛ ИҚРО – IQRO JURNALI – volume 16, issue 02, 2025
ISSN: 2181-4341, IMPACT FACTOR ( RESEARCH BIB ) – 7,245, SJIF – 5,431
ILMIY METODIK JURNAL
References:
1. Roehrborn CG. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An Overview. Rev Urol. 2005;7(Suppl
9):S3–S14.
2. McVary KT. BPH: Epidemiology and Comorbidities. Am J Manag Care. 2006;12(5
Suppl):S122–S128.
3. Emberton M, et al. Treatment of BPH: Current Guidelines. BJU Int. 2011;107(3):356–363.
4. Lepor H. Medical Treatment of BPH. Rev Urol. 2011;13(1):20–29.
