103
A TOUR OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING METHODOLOGY AND
ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING METHODS IN SOME FOREIGN
COUNTRIES
Ibragimova Shaxlo Zavqiyevna
Tashkent
State
University
of
Economics
Academic Lyceum, senior teacher
E-mail:
ABSTRACT:
The paper represents an excursus in methods in teaching English, presented
methods of teaching English in some foreign countries. Their advantages and disadvantages, the
most effective methods of their adaptation to the specifics of the uzbek model of education are
given.
Keyword:
teaching methodology, English language, classical method, communicative
method.
Modern pedagogical science is in search of ways to modernize professional
education. At the same time, great importance is given to taking into account the
world experience of development in this direction, since solving the problem of
improving the quality in the field of vocational education requires the exchange of
knowledge, the development of meta-knowledge, the creation of interactive
networks, the mobility of teachers and students, and international research projects.
Appeal to the problem of studying foreign experience in the modernization of
vocational education was the result of the entry of the domestic professional school
into the international educational space and the international market of educational
services.
The modernization of education determines the choice of modern
technologies for teaching foreign languages. This is due to the increasing
importance of a foreign language for the professional growth of a specialist.
Modernization of education allows you to turn to the personality of the
student, building a system of continuous education. The UK and Germany, being
the most technically advanced countries, have extensive experience in teaching
foreign languages through the organization of search activities, portfolio
technology, and training on a block-modular basis. The solution of this problem in
Uzbekistan does not involve direct borrowing of foreign experience, but a
thorough study of it in order to adapt progressive ideas to the specifics of
Uzbekistan education.
The search for new technologies for teaching foreign languages is due to a
number of circumstances [1]:
104
1. The methods of teaching a foreign language in domestic universities
according to the traditional system do not currently meet modern requirements for
the level of language proficiency.
2. The process of teaching a foreign language is mainly focused on the
development of students' memory and the ability to competently translate a foreign
text in their specialty, while modern pedagogy focuses on the development of
thinking and the activation of cognitive activity.
3. The expansion of Uzbekistan's economic, political and cultural ties with
foreign countries has revealed the need to improve the quality of teaching foreign
languages in higher education, which should be aimed at developing students'
knowledge necessary for communication and work in their specialty abroad.
It should be noted modern technologies for teaching foreign languages:
interactive, heuristic, problem-based learning, "student portfolio", block-modular
learning, project methods, problem discussions, brainstorming, case study method.
In the field of higher professional education in highly developed countries, the
following innovative trends can be distinguished:
- development of the system of higher professional education according to the
scheme "education - science - production";
- use of a multi-stage learning structure;
- development of continuous education;
- improving the forms of postgraduate education;
- intensification of the educational process by directing it towards students'
independent work.
The modern scientific and technological revolution has transformed the ideas
about the priorities in teaching students, putting forward education, creativity, and
the ability to learn independently. But these priorities came into conflict with the
existing pedagogical system that developed in the industrial era of the 20th century
and focused mainly on memorization, reproduction and performance, which led to
a decrease in the quality of general educational fundamental training of specialists
in a number of leading countries.
Therefore, among the main tasks of higher education in a rapidly changing
social environment, three main areas can be distinguished:
- compliance with the requirements of modernity - the role of higher
education in society, its functions, programs, content and methods of its provision;
105
- quality is a multifaceted concept covering all activities in relation to higher
education;
- internationalization and universalization of the content of higher education
using modern communication systems in the form of the Internet.
The main modern pedagogical concepts of teaching a foreign language in a
foreign school include:
- grammar-translation method (deductive): reading literature in the original,
translation, emphasis on vocabulary and grammar;
- direct method: no translation, the principle of visibility, speaking, inductive
grammar;
- audiolingual method: mechanical use of language, listening;
- silent teaching method: cognitive approach, use of language for self-
expression, language structure, diagrams, silence;
- suggestopedia: suggestion skill, role-playing games, dialogues, vocabulary,
little grammar, translation is acceptable;
- whole-community method: cognitive environment, teacher-therapist,
atmosphere of openness, small groups;
- total physical commitment method: listening skill, oral advance, visibility,
the way of learning the native language;
- communicative approach: motivation, individualization, communicative
orientation, situationality, functionality, accessibility, activity, visibility.
The most progressive of them was the American communicative theory,
which is the basis of the communicative approach to teaching a foreign language
abroad.
In the classical approach, all language components (oral and written speech,
listening, etc.) must be developed by students in a systematic and harmonious
manner. This integrated approach aims to develop students' ability to understand
and create speech. A teacher who is not a native speaker has the ability to analyze
and compare two language systems, compare constructions, communicate
information better, explain grammatical rules, and prevent possible errors. The
Western world has appreciated the priority of bilingualism (knowledge of two
languages). The greatest value in the modern world is represented by teachers who
are able to think in the context of two cultures and convey to students the
appropriate set of knowledge.
106
The communicative method is aimed precisely at the possibility of
communication. At the same time, increased attention is paid to speaking and
listening comprehension.
The whole complex of these techniques helps to create an English-speaking
environment in which students must function: read, communicate, participate in
role-playing games, express their thoughts, draw conclusions. Oxford and
Cambridge courses are focused on the development of not only language
knowledge, but also the creativity and general outlook of students. The language is
very closely intertwined with the cultural characteristics of the country, therefore,
language courses include a regional aspect. The British consider it necessary to
give a person the opportunity to navigate in a multicultural world, and this is easily
done with the help of English. [4] With this approach to language, intercultural
communication is, first of all, an adequate mutual understanding of two
interlocutors exchanging information belonging to different national cultures, a
sign that its speakers belong to a certain society. This method allows not only to
monitor the correctness of speech, but also to strive to increase its content. This
method includes two aspects of communication -linguistic and intercultural [5, p.
47].
Therefore, not only a high level of reading, writing, translation is important
for a student, but also linguo-socio-cultural competence - this is the ability to
"dissect" a language under the microscope of culture.
REFERENCES
1. Karimova L.A. The content and technologies of teaching foreign languages in
the context of modernization of the higher professional school Diss. ... (PhD).
ped. Sciences. 13.00.01. - Kazan, 2009.
2. Khabarova L.P. Bilingual education in higher education: foreign and domestic
experience. // Proceedings of PSPU named by V.G. Belinsky. 2011, no. 24.
3. Efanova M.E. Modern foreign pedagogical concepts of teaching a foreign
language // Electronic scientific journal of the Pedagogical College No. 18
"Mitino" 2012. No. 1.
4. Native English. (Methods of teaching English). URL: http://www.native-
english.ru
5. Innovative directions for improving the study of foreign languages: Materials of
the republican scientific and practical conference. T.: Research Institute of
Pedagogical Sciences named after Kari Niyazov, 2014. 160 p.
