Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
1
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
0
1-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.587
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
Today, the water problem, especially the drinking problem, is one of the most urgent problems in the world. Change
of the natural environment under the human influence, many appropriations of natural landscapes are a sign that the
above-mentioned problems are expanding day by day. Reducing the consequences of such problems and developing
a solution is an urgent task today.
KEYWORDS
International Fund to Save the Aral sea, anthropogenic impact, green covers, Island, collector, seepage waters, water
and energy resources.
INTRODUCTION
Along with the problem of drinking water, there is
another important problem, which is caused by direct
human impact on the natural environment. As a result
of the construction of dams on many large rivers,
irrational land development, several large lakes around
the world are almost on the verge of construction.
There are many lakes that have problems due to such
anthropogenic influence. Great Salt Lake (USA),
Research Article
SOME GEOECONOMIC AND GEOECOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS TO
MITIGATING THE ARAL SEA PROBLEM OR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK
Submission Date:
November 05, 2022,
Accepted Date:
November 15, 2022,
Published Date:
November 22, 2022
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijmef/Volume02Issue11-01
Rakhimov A.K.
Doctor Of Philosophy In Geography (Phd), Urganch State University, Urganch City, Uzbekistan
Boltaev B.K
Magistr, Urganch State University, Urganch City, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijmef
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
2
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
0
1-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.587
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Hongjiannao Lake (China), Aral Lake (Uzbekistan,
Kazakhstan) and others around the world. As a result
of anthropogenic influence, it becomes possible to
save the lakes that have dried up or are about to dry up
on the earth only by anthropogenic means, or to
somewhat mitigate its negative consequences. Over
the
years,
many
theoretical
proposals
and
recommendations have been developed to solve the
Island problem. But almost most of them have not
been implemented in practice. Since the end of the
20th century, multilateral agreements and regional
initiatives in the field of joint management of water and
energy resources have been promoted in Central Asia,
and countries have been actively participating.
The signing of a number of intergovernmental
documents and the holding of international scientific
conferences became an important factor in
strengthening communication and cooperation
between the countries of the Aral Basin.
Including: in 1993, in order to end the environmental
crisis and improve the socio-economic situation in the
Aral Sea basin, the leaders of the Central Asian
countries established the International Island Rescue
Fund (IRF);
Signing of the agreement on joint efforts to solve the
problem of the Aral Sea and the Aral Sea,
environmental health of the Aral region and ensure
socio-economic development (Kyzil Orda, March 26,
1993);
Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan. Development of
the concept of solving the problems of the Aral and
Aral Bay, taking into account the socio-economic
development of the region of Turkmenistan and
Uzbekistan (basic rules, developed in 1991-1992);
Drafting of the Charter of the International Fund for
Saving the Island (IFRS) (Dushanbe, June 2002);
An international conference called "Development of
cooperation on mitigating the consequences of
environmental disasters in the Aral Sea region" was
held in Urganch (December 6, 2018);
Among these are events such as the agreement on the
status of the International Fund for the Rescue of the
Island (IFRC) and its organizations (Ashkhabad, April 9,
1999).
But the effect of the work done practically did not give
its result in eliminating the ecological danger. The true
essence of the decision of the Cabinet of Ministers "On
measures to accelerate the establishment of "green
covers" - protective forests in the dry areas at the
bottom of the Aral Sea" as a result of the rising of sand,
salt and dust from these areas into the air and falling
into the environment to the residents of the Aral Bay
region, aimed at preventing serious damage to the
flora and fauna, as well as secondary salinity in the
lands planted with agricultural crops, orchards and
vineyards, negatively affecting productivity .
In the speech of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev at the 75th session of the
General Assembly of the United Nations, he noted that
in order to improve the current situation, great work
has been done to create two million hectares of new
plant areas and tree groves, to form the soil layer, and
made several suggestions.
The drying up of the Aral Sea remains the most urgent
problem, especially for the peoples of the region.
According to the data, due to the drying up of the sea
and the acceleration of salinization, about 50,000
hectares of arable land became unsuitable for
agricultural use in recent years. In place of the dry sea,
the "Orolqum" desert has appeared, occupying an area
of more than 5.5 million hectares. If immediate
measures are not taken to prevent this environmental
damage, the result has been adverse and incalculable
environmental, social and economic damage.
Only by the end of the second decade of the 21st
century, attention was paid to the area around the
island and its southern and southeastern parts, and
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
3
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
0
1-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.587
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
practical work was done. And as a result, in the dry part
of the Aral Sea, about one million hectares of
saxophone plantations were established. As a result,
there were opportunities to prevent the spread of
thousands of tons of salty toxic sand and dust.
There are several other practical opportunities in the
region to reduce the negative impact of Arol sand. With
this in mind, proposals have been developed and the
approximate plan of tasks is shown in the table below
(Table 1).
Table 1
Suggestions for reducing the negative impact on the region caused by the drying up of the Aral Sea.
Directing the seepage waters leaving the territory of Khorezm region to the territory of the Aral
Sea
№
Action plan
Result
1 Development of a large-scale map of Amudarya;
Economic importance.
(Improving
economic
efficiency
through
the
development of fisheries)
2 Creating a map of large collectors passing through the territory
of the region;
3 Determining the area where the artificial lake will be created
using space velocity;
4
Determining the distance from the area where the artificial lake
will be created to the Island and the slope angle;
Social significance.
(Employment of the population,
creation
of
new
jobs,
development
of
domestic
tourism)
5 Approximate determination of the artificial lake and its water
capacity (calculation of average area and average depth);
6 Determining the total consumption of water in the section of
Amudarya passing through Khorezm region;
Ecological significance.
Microclimate
moderation
occurs, the spread of saline dust
into
the
environment
is
prevented
7 Directing the stormwater from the territory of the region to the
lakes around the Aral Sea, etc.
The table was compiled based on the author's
suggestions and recommendations.
If the given proposals were implemented, the
expected results would have been even more
effective, if plastic pipes had been placed in the
Amudarya river bed, and if the storm water leaving the
territory of Khorezm region had been diverted to the
lakes around the Aral Sea, some ecological danger
would have been avoided.
By diverting a part of the storm water flowing from the
region to Sarikamish Lake directly to the Arol basin, it
will be possible to pump 1.2-1.3 billion cubic meters of
water into the lakes near the Arol every year.
This significantly reduces the negative impact of the
Island on the region. Increases opportunities for the
development of fishing. As a result, the ecological
situation in the area will improve somewhat. The basis
for the development of the ecosystem is created. In
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
4
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
0
1-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.587
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
order to implement this proposal, it will be necessary
to create an artificial lake in the part of the left bank of
Amudarya belonging to the region.
If the seepage waters are directed to the Amudarya
through plastic pipes, firstly, less money will be
required, secondly, less time will be spent on placing
the hydrotechnical facility, and thirdly, less labor will be
spent.
As a result, pollution of Amudarya waters is avoided
when using plastic pipes. Water absorption and
evaporation does not occur. Almost without losses,
the water reaches all the way to the area occupied by
lakes around the Aral Sea. Only plastic pipes need to be
protected from the sun or insulated.
The total area of irrigated land in the region is 253,189
ha, and the water demand is 4,498 billion m3. (Table 2)
Table 2
Water use and management of water resources in Khorezm region
No
Water resources
1
Average annual used water (need), billion m
3
4,498
2
Area of irrigated land, (ha)
253189
3
Water limit, million m
3
3,648
4
Shаlt washable area, (ha)
136922
- less than that salted
44087
- average salted
62459
- strong salt a n
30376
5
Total ditches:
(
km)
10473 , 5
6
Amount of outgoing water (billion m
3
)
1,741
The table was compiled by the author based on the
information of the regional water management
department.
But the water limit allocated for the region is 3.648
billion m3. In general, the area of saline washes in the
region covers an area of 136,922 ha. Of this, the highly
saline area corresponds to 30,376 ha, the average
saline area to 62,459 ha, and the low saline area to
44,087 ha. The total amount of brine and other waste
water is 1.741 billion m3. The total length of ditches and
drains passing through the region is 10473.5 km.
If the seepage waters from the territories of the
Republic of Turkmenistan and the Republic of
Karakalpakstan are added, the quantity indicators will
increase significantly, and it will become possible to
deliver up to 4-5 billion cubic meters of water to the
island basin in a year.
Another advantage is that if the artificial lake to be
created in the region is placed near the Amudarya, a
certain part of the water in it will be purified as a result
of filtration and seep into the river. This will quickly
prove to be cost-effective, both economically and
environmentally.
CONCLUSION
As a conclusion, it can be said that if the seepage and
waste water from the region is used wisely and
delivered to the lakes around the island through the
Amudarya basin, first of all, the ecological environment
Volume 02 Issue 11-2022
5
International Journal Of Management And Economics Fundamental
(ISSN
–
2771-2257)
VOLUME
02
I
SSUE
11
Pages:
0
1-05
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
METADATA
IF
–
5.587
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
will be somewhat improved and the migration of salty
sands to other places will be prevented. Secondly,
opportunities for the development of fisheries will
appear and serve to increase economic efficiency.
Thirdly, the ground will be created for providing
employment to the population, creating new jobs, and
developing domestic tourism.
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ҳ
имоя
ўрмонзорлари
барпо
этишни
жадаллаштириш
чора
-
тадбирлари
тў
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камасининг
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Выступление Ш. Мирзиёева на 75
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Генеральной Ассамблеи ООН. 23.09.2020
3.
Информация Управления водного хозяйства
Хорезмской области. 01.01.2022 й.
