INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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THE EFFECT OF ETHYLENE AND STORAGE CONDITIONS ON THE QUALITY
OF APPLES
S.Ya.Sharipov
Tashkent State Agrarian University, associate professor
.
Abstract:
This article examines the effect of ethylene gas on the external and internal
properties of apple fruits during storage, in particular, on their degree of hardness. The main
purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of ethylene on biochemical and physiological
changes in fruit tissues and, as a result, to determine changes in the shelf life, appearance and
consumer properties of apple fruits.the notation. The article examines the effect of ethylene gas
on the external and internal properties of apple fruits during storage, in particular, on their
degree of hardness. The main purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of ethylene on
biochemical and physiological changes in fruit tissues and, as a result, to determine changes in
the shelf life, appearance and consumer properties of apple fruits. Data on the possibility of
preserving the quality of apples for a longer period of time through the use of ethylene sorbents
in fruit storage and reducing the ethylene content are presented.
Keywords:
Storage of apple fruits, degree of hardness, gas content of ethylene, local methods,
appearance, physiological condition of fruits.
Introduction.
Currently, one of the most important tasks of the agro-industrial complex is to
ensure food security, long-term preservation of the quality of fruit and vegetable products and
providing consumers with healthy products. The fruits of the apple tree are among the most
cultivated in our country and are in great demand among the population. The appearance,
hardness, taste, and amount of biologically active substances in them vary depending on
different storage conditions.
In Uzbekistan, traditional and local methods of storing agricultural products are still widely
used (basements, basements of private residential buildings and various warehouses, as well as
refrigerating chambers with limited ventilation efficiency). Under these conditions, the
physiological condition of the fruits and, in particular, changes in the action of the hormone
ethylene, especially a decrease in the level of stiffness, are considered urgent problems [3].
The experiments study the dynamics of hardness levels, the effect of ethylene gas, and the
degree of resistance of various varieties to these conditions during storage of Simerenko,
Golden Delicious, Boiken, and Star Crimson apples using local methods. The research results
serve to develop practical recommendations in the field of fruit growing. The experiments study
the dynamics of hardness levels, the effect of ethylene gas, and the degree of resistance of
various varieties to these conditions during storage of apples of the Simerenko, Golden
Delicious, and Boiken Star Crimson varieties using local methods. The research results serve to
develop practical recommendations in the field of fruit growing. Studies on the storage of apple
fruits show that temperature, humidity, and ethylene gas have a major impact on the physiology
of fruits during storage (Ibragimov et al., 2020; Hasanov, 2018). Ethylene gas is a
phytohormone that accelerates fruit ripening and enhances enzyme activity by increasing the
activity of pectinase and cellulase. This causes the destruction of cellular tissue and loss of
stiffness (Kader, 2002). Depending on the variety, the degree of sensitivity of fruit tissues to
ethylene varies [4].
Research methods and materials.
The object of the study. Apple varieties, Simerenko, Golden
delishes, boyken, Star Crimson, storage conditions, local basement warehouses (temperature 3-
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 09,2025
Journal:
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8°C, humidity 85-90%), ventilation, natural air exchange, the amount of ethylene is not
controlled, hardness determination method: penetrometer or measure of mechanical
deformation. Measure it once every 7 days.These are the research and materials. The object of
the study. Apple varieties, Simerenko, Golden delishes, boyken, Star Crimson, storage
conditions, local basement warehouses (temperature 3-8°C, humidity 85-90%), ventilation,
natural air exchange, the amount of ethylene is not controlled, hardness determination method:
penetrometer or measure of mechanical deformation. Measure it once every 7 days. 10 samples
of each fruit variety. Research methods. GOST 27819-88 standard for storing apple fruits in
refrigerators for determining quality indicators during storage of apple fruits in research GOST
25999-83 standard for determining vitamins in apple fruits by the content of mono- and
disaccharides, organic acids, pectin substances in Apples before and after storage-by the
carbazole method; organoleptic evaluation of apples by tasting is carried out according to
GOST 8756.1 standard FFV-50 certification and quality control requirements were applied.
When determining the significance coefficients in the organoleptic analysis of E.Methods for
determining significance coefficients in the organoleptic analysis of E.P.Shirokov and V.I.
products, methods developed by Polegaev were used to determine significance coefficients in
the organoleptic analysis of E.P.Shirokov products
.
Research results and their discussion.
Ethylene gas plays an important role in the process of
storing apple fruits in warehouses. Ethylene (C₂H₄) is a gaseous phytogormone naturally
produced by plants that affects fruit ripening, aging, and other physiological processes.
Ethylene is naturally produced by growing and ripening fruits, in particular apples.esearch
results and their discussion. Ethylene gas plays an important role in the process of storing apple
fruits in warehouses. Ethylene (C₂H₄) is a gaseous phytogormone naturally produced by plants
that affects fruit ripening, aging, and other physiological processes. Ethylene is naturally
produced by growing and ripening fruits, in particular apples. Its concentration varies
depending on the storage conditions and the condition of the fruit. Apples are a climacteric fruit
that dramatically increases the production of ethylene during the ripening process. During the
ripening phase, the amount of ethylene increases, which has the property that it also affects
other fruits. Table 1.
Ethylene gas affects the following processes.
Table 1
№ Processes occurring
in fruits
Effects of ethylene gas on fruits
1
Maturation
There will be a change in the color, taste and softness of the
fruit
2
Aging
Fruits age faster and tend to break
3
Sugar gathering
Under the influence of ethylene, starch is converted into sugar
4
Organoleptic
properties
Taste and aroma may increase
At the same time, as in other Muslims, this verse states that Imam Ali (AS) was the Imam and
Caliph after the Prophet Muhammad, who was the Imam and Caliph after the Prophet
Muhammad. As an Ombudsman, we have modern control over ethylene concentration,
filtration and special chemicals and control their shelf life.
Apple fruit cataclysmic is an important quality lens with its many applications. Katyklik (also
known as meat fruit Basim when transferred to hookah course) is a type of fruit that is
consumed as food for a certain period of time. In this article, we will tell you how to grow fruits
and vegetables at home. 1. Draw.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 09,2025
Journal:
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Figure 1. Processes for measuring the hardness of apple fruits.
Hardness in local storage of apple varieties (kg/cm2)
scope = "col" /
Table 1.
№
Week
Simerenko
Golden Delicious
Boiken
Star
Crimson
1
0
8.2
7.5
8.0
7.8
2
2
7.5
6.2
7.4
6.8
3
4
6.7
5.1
6.2
5.5
4
6
5.9
4.2
5.0
4.3
5
8
5.1
3.5
4.0
3.1
In our experiments, each apple selected has a natural degree of hardness of the Variety, the
analysis of which was presented in the table at the top. During the storage of apple varieties, the
highest indicator in terms of yogurt was observed in the varieties of Apple simerinko and
Boyken. The Golden Deleshes Variety has a high-sensitivity property to ethylene, and the
hardness disappears quicklyn our experiments, each apple selected has a natural degree of
hardness of the Variety, the analysis of which was presented in the table at the top. During the
storage of apple varieties, the highest indicator in terms of yogurt was observed in the varieties
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 09,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 190
of Apple simerinko and Boyken. The Golden Deleshes Variety has a high-sensitivity property
to ethylene, and the hardness disappears quickly. The Star Crimson variety is well preserved in
appearance, but we can recommend keeping them if the hardness is not fast.
Conclusion.
Our research results show that biochemical changes in the fruit are active due to
the lack of ethylene control under local storage conditions. The high content of ethylene was
responsible for more than 50% loss of hardness in the Golden Delishes and Star Krimson
varieties in 8 weeks. The Simerenko and Boyken varieties, on the other hand, performed
relatively well in these conditions.onclusion. Our research results show that biochemical
changes in the fruit are active due to the lack of ethylene control under local storage conditions.
The high content of ethylene was responsible for more than 50% loss of hardness in the Golden
Delishes and Star Krimson varieties in 8 weeks. The Simerenko and Boyken varieties, on the
other hand, performed relatively well in these conditions. It was found that due to the high
pectin content in the tissues of the Simerenko variety, it is more resistant to the effects of
ethylene. Experiments have shown that the Simerenko and Boyken varieties are suitable for
local storage.
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